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Changes in potential mammal diversity in national parks and their implications for conservation

Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 671-679页

作者： alba estrada A.Marcia BARBOSA Raimundo REAL Biogeography Diversity and Conservation LabDepartment of Animal BiologyUniversidad de MalagaSpain Research Unit of Biodiversity (UMIB UO-CSIC-PA)Oviedo Univ.-Campus MieresSpain CIBIO/InBIO-University of Evora Portugal

Observed species richness (OSR)is a widely used and well-studied biodiversity ***, non-observed species in favorable ecosystems are also *** metrics that include observed and potential species were recently defined:potential biodiversity (hereafter potential species richness--PSR)and geometric mean of favorabilities (GMF).We used these metrics to evaluate the national park network of mainland Spain at two time periods (2002 and 2015),using terrestrial mammals on a UTM 100-km^2 *** and GMF are based on the favorability function, a species distribution model that assesses how favorable an area is for the presence of a species, over and above its prevalence in the study *** each park and for the whole network,we calculated the mean and sum of OSR,PSR,and GMF in each time period,as well as changes between *** and PSR were higher inside than outside the park network in both time periods. Thus,although the network covers a very small proportion of the country,it performs well for the representation of mammal species and their favorable ***,mean PSR was lower in 2015 than in 2002 inside the national park network,whereas the opposite was the case outside the *** Parks generally not only concentrated highly favorable areas for mammals, but they also showed less favorable areas in 2015 compared to 2002,although the reduction was moderate to *** is a result to consider for future analyses because if the tendency increases, it may have consequences for the conservation of mammals and for the adequacy of the national park network.

关键词： conservation planning dark diversity environmental favorability potential biodiversity protected areas

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Coseismic site response and slope instability using periodic boundary conditions in the material point method

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2023年第3期15卷 641-658页

作者： Abdelrahman Alsardi alba Yerro Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Virginia TechBlacksburg24060VirginiaUSA

This paper proposed the explicit generalized-a time scheme and periodic boundary conditions in the material point method(MPM)for the simulation of coseismic site *** proposed boundary condition uses an intuitive particle-relocation algorithm ensuring material points always remain within the computational *** explicit generalized-a time scheme was implemented in MPM to enable the damping of spurious high frequency ***,the MPM was verified against finite element method(FEM).Secondly,ability of the MPM in capturing the analytical transfer function was ***,a symmetric embankment was adopted to investigate the effects of ground motion arias intensity(I_(a)),geometry dimensions,and constitutive *** results show that the larger the model size,the higher the crest runout and settlement for the same ground *** using a Mohr-Coulomb model,the crest runout increases with increasing I_(a).However,if the strain-softening law is activated,the results are less influenced by the ground ***,the MPM results were compared with the Newmark sliding block *** simplified analysis herein highlights the capabilities of MPM to capture the full deformation process for earthquake engineering applications,the importance of geometry characterization,and the selection of appropriate constitutive models when simulating coseismic site response and subsequent large deformations.

关键词： Coseismic site response Periodic conditions Time integration Material point method(MPM)

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Oil recovery tests with ionic liquids: A review and evaluation of 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate

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Petroleum Science 2022年第4期19卷 1877-1887页

作者： alba Somoza Alberto Arce Ana Soto CRETUS Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaE-15782Santiago de CompostelaSpain School of Engineering Universidade de A CorunaE-15403FerrolSpain

The main advantages of the use of ionic liquids in enhanced oil recovery are their tunability and stability in harsh environmental conditions. In this work, a comprehensive review of ionic liquids proposed to improve current chemical oil recovery methods has been presented, focusing on core flooding experiments. With an almost infinite number of possible ionic liquids, the amount of experiments carried out up to now has been very limited. However, results are promising, with additional recovery after secondary flooding of up to 32% of the original oil in place. Most formulations with ionic liquids have been proposed for sandstone reservoirs, the number of studies with carbonate cores being very scarce. The possibilities of a new room temperature surface active ionic liquid, 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate,for this application were analyzed. It was shown that it is able to drastically reduce the water/oil interfacial tension. An optimized formulation was proposed for carbonate reservoirs. After secondary flooding with brine, an additional recovery of 10.5% of original oil in place was achieved at room conditions. A combination of the proposed method followed by a polymer flooding step with polyacrylamide led to a lesser but still significant recovery, reducing the costs associated to the ionic liquid.

关键词： Enhanced oil recovery(EOR) Ionic liquids Core flooding Interfacial tension 1-Decyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate

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Bowel function and inflammation: Is motility the other side of the coin?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第14期30卷 1963-1967页

作者： alba Panarese Division of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Department of Medical SciencesCentral Hospital-Azienda OspedalieraTaranto 74123Italy

Digestion and intestinal absorption allow the body to sustain itself and are the emblematic functions of the *** the flip side,functions also arise from its role as an interface with the ***,the gut houses microorganisms,collectively known as the gut microbiota,which interact with the host,and is the site of complex immune *** role in human pathology is complex and scientific evidence is progressively elucidating the functions of the gut,especially regarding the pathogenesis of chronic intestinal diseases and inflammatory conditions affecting various organs and *** editorial aims to highlight and relate the factors involved in the pathogenesis of intestinal and systemic inflammation.

关键词： Motility Inflammation Pathogenesis Vitamin D Microbiota Gut Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction

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Phosphorylation-driven aggregative proteins in neurodegenerative diseases:implications and therapeutics

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 966-968页

作者： alba Espargaró Raimon Sabate Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical-Chemistry School of PharmacyUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(IN2UB) University of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain

Protein aggregation is related to a large number of neurodegenerative *** in some cases,aggregation is induced by hyperphosphorylation of a given *** is the case of tau,TAR DNA-binding protein 43(TDP-43),amyloid-beta peptides(Aβ)and alpha-synuclein(α-syn),which play a key pathogenic role in Alzheimer’s disease(AD),Parkinson’s disease(PD)and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,among others(Tenreiro et al.,2014;Chiti and Dobson,2017).In this perspective,we will discuss both the relationship between phosphorylation and amyloid aggregation as well as current and future therapeutic strategies aimed at inhibiting specific kinases involved in the phosphorylation step or inhibiting subsequent protein aggregation.

关键词： tau Aβ Alzheimer

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Endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer:Towards a global understanding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第13期28卷 1377-1379页

作者： alba Panarese Department of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Central HospitalTaranto 74123Italy

Gastric cancer is widespread globally,and disease diagnosis is accompanied by high mortality and morbidity ***,prognoses and survivability have improved following implementation of surveillance and screening programs,which have led to earlier ***,early diagnosis itself supports increased surgical curability,which is the main treatment goal and guides therapeutic *** most recent Japanese guidelines for endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic mucosal resection for early gastric cancer consider the degree of endoscopic curability in relation to the characteristics of the gastric *** clinical practice,the management approach for both prevention and treatment should be similar to that of colon lesions;however,unlike the established practices for colorectal cancer,the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways are not shared nor widespread for gastric ***,this negatively impacts the opportunity to perform an endoscopic resection with curative intent.

关键词： Early gastric cancer Artificial intelligence Malignancy Helicobacter pylori Autoimmune gastritis Dysplasia

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3an erectile function be predicted after prostate cancer Ireatment？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第1期14卷 134-135页

作者： Frances M alba Run Wang Division of Urology University of Texas Medical School at Houston and Department of Urology University of Texas Medical School at Houston Houston TX 77030 USA University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX 77030 USA

Prostate cancer （PCa） is the most common solid-organ cancer in American males and the second most common cause of cancer-related death in men. With the advent of prostate-specific antigen screening, death from PCa continues to decline. However, recent evidence suggests that there is now a trend towards increasing incidence.1 Current screening strategies result in increased incidence of low-risk PCa and importantly, the diagnosis of PCa is becoming more common in younger patients.2 The majority of early-stage PCa patients have a high likelihood of disease free survival after treatment.

关键词： Prostate cancer prostate-specific antigen screening radical prostatecomy external beam radiation therapy brachytehrapy HRQOL

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Discovering the type of seed dormancy and temperature requirements for seed germination of Gentiana lutea ***(Gentianaceae)

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2018年第2期11卷 308-316页

作者： alba Cuena-Lombraña Marco Porceddu Caterina Angela Dettori1 and Gianluigi Bacchetta1 21 Centro Conservazione BiodiversitàDipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’AmbienteUniversitàdegli Studi di CagliariViale S.Ignazio da Laconi11-13Cagliari 09123Italy Banca del Germoplasma della Sardegna(BG-SAR) Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus(HBK)Universitàdegli Studi di Cagliari.Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi9-11Cagliari 09123Italy

Aims There are a number of mechanisms that regulate germination;among these,seed dormancy,one of the most important,is an adaptative mechanism in plants to promote survival by dispersing germination in space and time until environmental conditions are favourable for *** main goals of this study were to determine the tem-perature requirements for seed dormancy release and germination of Gentiana lutea ***,to identify the class and level of seed dormancy and to suggest an optimal germination *** Seeds belonging to two different localities were subjected to vari-ous pre-treatments,including cold stratification(0 and 5°C),warm stratification(25/10°C)and different combinations of these,and then incubated at a range of constant temperatures(5-25°C)and 25/10°*** growth during pre-treatments and incubation con-ditions were assessed at different times by measuring the embryo to seed length ratio(E:S ratio).The final germination percentage(FGP)and the germination rate(t50)were *** Findings Fleshy mature seeds of *** *** have linear under-developed *** stratification at 0°C was effective in overcoming the physiological dormancy(PD)and promoted embryo growth and subsequent *** cold stratifica-tion at 0°C,both the root and the shoot emerged readily under a wide range of *** *** seeds showed an intermediate complex morphophysiological dormancy(MPD).As regards the optimal germination protocol for this taxon,we suggest a period of cold stratification at ca.0°C followed by seed incuba-tion at 10-20°*** optimal germination temperatures found for seeds of this taxon,as well as its pre-chilling requirement at 0°C,suggest that it is well adapted to a temperate climate;this behavior highlights an increasing threat from global warming for ***,which could reduce the level of natural emergence in the field,prejudicing also the long-term persistence of the natural popula-t

关键词： embryo growth global warming morphophysiological dormancy pre-chilling requirement seed germination threatened species

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Using Mobile Phone Data to Assess Socio-Economic Disparities in Unhealthy Food Reliance during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Health Data Science 2023年第1期3卷 141-159页

作者： Charles alba Ruopeng An Division of Computational&Data Sciences Washington University in St LouisSt LouisMOUSA. Brown School Washington University in St LouisSt LouisMOUSA.

Background:Although COVID-19 has disproportionately affected socio-economically vulnerable populations,research on its impact on socio-economic disparities in unhealthy food reliance remains ***:This study uses mobile phone data to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on socio-economic disparities in reliance on convenience stores and fast *** is defined in terms of the proportion of visits to convenience stores out of the total visits to both convenience and grocery stores,and the proportion of visits to fast food restaurants out of the total visits to both fast food and full-service *** to each type of food outlet at the county level were traced and aggregated using mobile phone data before being analyzed with socio-economic demographics and COVID-19 incidence ***:Our findings suggest that a new COVID-19 case per 1,000 population decreased a county’s odds of relying on convenience stores by 3.41%and increased its odds of fast food reliance by 0.72%.As a county’s COVID-19 incidence rate rises by an additional case per 1,000 population,the odds of relying on convenience stores increased by 0.01%,0.02%,and 0.06%for each additional percentage of Hispanics,college-educated residents,and every additional year in median age,*** fast food reliance,as a county’s COVID-19 incidence rate increases by one case per 1,000 population,the odds decreased by 0.003%for every additional percentage of Hispanics but increased by 0.02%for every additional year in the county’s median ***:These results complement existing literature to promote equitable food environments.

关键词： stores restaurant COV

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Attitude toward preventive counseling and healthy practices among medical students at a Colombian university

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Frontiers of Medicine 2015年第2期9卷 251-259页

作者： Luz Helena alba Nora Badoui Fabian Gil Department of Preventive and Social Medicine Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogota Colombia Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogota Colombia

Unhealthy behaviors of medical students influence their attitudes toward preventive counseling. The burden of chronic diseases is continually growing in developing countries, emphasizing the need for the increased role of general practitioners in preventive counseling. The objective of this study was to describe the effect of medical training on the risk profiles and attitudes of medical students toward preventive counseling in a Colombian university. Students in their first and fifth years of training were surveyed using the ＂Healthy Doctor = Healthy Patient＂ questionnaire to assess counseling attitudes; personal practices, such as risky drinking, smoking, inadequate nutrition, and non-compliance with physical activity recommendations; and the university environment. The association among these components was estimated, as well as the effect of the university environment. Risky drinking and smoking decreased from first to fifth year （59.3% vs. 37.1%, P = 0.021 and 31.5~ vs. 25.9%, P = 0.51, respectively）, whereas inadequate nutrition and non-compliance with physical activity recommendations increased. Physical activity （PA） was associated with positive counseling attitude （ORs： nutrition 7.6; alcohol 5.2; PA 10.6）. Areas governed by institutional policies that are emphasized in the curriculum positively affected student practices. PA promoted preventive counseling and healthy lifestyles most effectively. Universities should therefore strengthen their preventive medicine curricula and modify social determinants.

关键词： lifestyle medical students preventive medicine counseling universities schools medical

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