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A novel microcosm to identify inherently competitive microorganisms with the ability to mineralize phytate in solum

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Soil Ecology Letters 2021年第4期3卷 367-382页

作者： Sabrina m.Pittroff Stefan Olsson Ashlea Doolette Ralf Greiner alan E.Richardson mette Haubjerg Nicolaisen microbial Ecology and Biotechnology Department of Plant and Environmental SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 401871 Frederiksberg CDenmark State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops College of Plant ProtectionFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China CSIRO Agriculture and Food PO Box 1700CanberraACT2601Australia Department of Food Technology and Bioprocess Engineering Max Rubner InstitutKarlsruheGerman School of Agriculture Food and WineWaite Research InstituteThe University of AdelaideWaite Campus UrrbraeSA5064 Australia Plant Immunity Center Haixia Institute of Science and TechnologyFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China

Fertilizer phosphorus(P)is a finite resource,necessitating the development of innovative solutions for P fertilizer efficiency in agricultural ***-inositol hexakisphosphate(phytate)constitutes the majority of identified organic P in many soil types and is poorly available to *** phytase-producing biofertilizers into soil presents a viable and environmentally acceptable way of utilizing P from phytate,while reducing the need for mineral P application.A deeper understanding of the microbial ecology in relation to degradation of phytate under natural soil conditions is however needed to obtain successful biofertilizer candidates able to compete in complex soil *** we present the development of a microcosm for studying microbial communities able to colonize and utilize Ca-phytate hotspots in *** results provide evidence that the recruited microbial population mineralizes ***,quantification of bacterial genes associated with organic P cycling in alkaline soils indicated that the phosphatases PhoX and PhoD may play a larger role in phytate mineralization in soil than previously *** sequencing and BioLog®catabolism studies show that hotspots containing Ca-phytate,recruited a different set of microorganisms when compared to those containing an addition of C source alone,with the genus Streptomyces specifically *** propose that Streptomyces represents an hitherto unexplored resource as P biofertilizer with competitive advantage for utilizing CaPhy in an inherently competitive soil *** further conclude that the use of our newly designed microcosm presents an innovative approach for isolating soil microorganisms with the potential to degrade precipitated phytate in solum.

关键词： myo-inositol hexakisphosphate(phytate) Soil microcosm Soil microbial ecology Biofertilizers Alkaline phosphatase β-propeller phytase(BPP)

morphological Studies on Four Brackish Water Ciliates of the Class Spirotrichea(Protista, Ciliophora)

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第3期18卷 663-674页

作者： SONG Yuan LIU Yongqiang PAN Bo LUO Xiaotian SONG Wen WARREN alan College of marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Institute of Evolution and marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China Department of Life Sciences Natural History Museum Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK

We reinvestigate the morphology of two oligotrich and two hypotrich ciliates collected from the coasts of north and south China, viz., Parallelostrombidium obesum Liu et al., 2015, Spirostrombidium apourceolare Liu et al., 2013, Protogastrostyla pulchra(Pereyaslawzewa, 1886) Gong et al., 2007, and Uncinata bradburyae(Gong et al., 2001) Luo et al., 2015. All the populations match well with the original samples identified in previous studies. Supplemental taxonomic data were supplied for these four species of the new populations. The species Parallelostrombidium obesum is characterised by its dorsal-ventrally flattened body shape with anterior and posterior ends transversely truncating, as well as two thigmotactic membranelles and girdle kinety that spirals around the cell one and a half times. Spirostrombidium apourceolare is characterised by its elongate ellipsoidal and dorsal-ventrally flattened body shape, two thigmotactic membranelles, about 11-27 ovoid macronuclear nodules, and girdle kinety that spirals around the cell twice with two undulations. Protogastrostyla pulchra is characterised by its elongate body shape and unique, caudally located food vacuole. Based on the new populations, we described the smaller cortical granules, clustered around dorsal bristles for the first time. The new population of Uncinata bradburyae shares the diagnostic features with the type population, which include prominent beak-like projection in anterior region, the conspicuous gap of adoral zone, proximalmost adoral membranelles distinctly elongated, and infraciliature.

关键词： hypotrichs ciliates oligotrichs Parallelostrombidium Protogastrostyla Spirostrombidium taxonomy Uncinata

Successful eradication of the European rabbit(Oryctolagus cuniculus)and house mouse(mus musculus)from the island of Selvagem Grande(macaronesian archipelago),in the Eastern Atlantic

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Integrative Zoology 2010年第1期5卷 70-83页

作者： Paulo OLIVERA Dilia mENEZES Roger TROUT alan BUCKLE Pedro GERALDES JoséJESUS Parque Natural da madeira Quinta do Bom SucessoCaminho do MeioMadeira Forest Research Alice Holt LodgeFarnhamSurrey School of Biological Sciences The University of ReadingReadingUK University of madeira Department of BiologyCampus of PenteadaPortugal

The Portuguese island of Selvagem Grande(Great Salvage)in macaronesia is an important seabird breeding station in the eastern *** populations of Cory’s shearwater Calonectris diomedea(Scopoli,1769),Bulwer’s petrel Bulweria bulweria(Jardine&Selby,1828)and little shearwater Puffinus assimilis baroli(Bonaparte,1857)are present,and white-faced storm-petrel Pelagodroma marina(Latham,1790)and madeiran storm-petrel Oceanodroma castro(Harcourt,1851)populations are of global *** Grande also provides diverse habitats for an extensive flora,including 11 endemic *** 270-ha island was also inhabited by two alien invasive mammals:the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus(Linnaeus,1758)and the house mouse mus musculus(Linnaeus,1758).Both are known to have had adverse impacts on breeding seabirds and island *** 2002,the Natural Park of madeira conducted a program using brodifacoum bait formulations aimed at rabbit and mouse *** 17000 individual baiting points were established on a 12.5×12.5 m *** were also applied by hand“seeding”on steep slopes and cliffs where bait stations could not be *** were removed after a ***,mice persisted for considerably longer and strategic bait applications against them continued for a further six *** assessments by trapping,bait takes and systematic observa-tion of signs over three years,has confirmed the removal of both alien invasive *** paper presents information on these operations,on measures adopted to mitigate adverse impacts of the eradication program on important vertebrate non-target species,including Berthelot’s pipit Anthus berthelotii Bolle,1862 and a species of gecko Tarentola bischoffi Joger,1984 and on the initial response of the island’s ecosystem to the eradication of rabbits and mice.

关键词： alien invasive island restoration mus musculus non-target mitigation Oryctolagus cuniculus

The new COVID-19 poor and the neglected tropical diseases resurgence

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第1期10卷 1-3页

作者： Peter J.Hotez alan Fenwick David molyneux Department of Pediatrics Texas Children's Hospital CenterforVaccine DevelopmentNational School of Tropical MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Department of molecular Virology and microbiology Texas Children's Hospital Center for Vaccine DevelopmentNational School of Tropical MedicineBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA Hagler Institute for Advaneed Study at Texas A&m University College StationTXUSA Department of Biology Baylor UniversityWacoTXUSA James A Baker III Institute of Public Policy Rice UniversityHoustonTXUSA Scowcroft Institute of International Affairs Bush School of Government and Public ServiceTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTXUSA School of Public Health Faculty of MedicineImperial College Lon don LondonUK. Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Liverpool School ofTropical MedicineLiverpoolUK.

more than 100 million people are facing a return to extreme poverty because of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),while new estimates suggest that three nations—India,Nigeria,and the Democratic Republic of the Congo-may suffer the greatest economic *** findings will have profound consequences in terms of our ability to control or eliminate the most widely prevalent neglected tropical diseases.

关键词： neglected tropical consequences

Predicting and controlling interfacial microstructure of magnesium/aluminum bimetallic structures for improved interfacial bonding

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2020年第3期8卷 578-586页

作者： Ziang Zhu Renhai Shi Andrew D.Klarner alan A.Luo Yiqing Chen materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA materials Science and Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefeiAnhuiChina Integrated Systems Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA now at m Cubed Technologies NewarkDEUSA

In this study,an overcasting process followed by a low-temperature(200°C)annealing schedule has been developed to bond magnesium to aluminum *** software was used to optimize the process parameters during the overcasting process which lead to mg/Al bimetallic structures to be successfully produced without formation of mg-Al intermetallic *** microstructure evolution during annealing,including the formation and growth of Al-mg interdiffusion layer and intermetallic phases(Al12mg17 and Al3mg2),was experimentally observed for the first time with direct evidence,and predicted using Calculation of Phase Diagrams(CALPHAD)*** interfacial strength was achieved when the interdiffusion layer formed at the mg/Al interface reached a maximum thickness the without formation of brittle intermetallic *** precise diffusion modeling of the mg/Al interface provides an efficient way to optimize and control the interfacial microstructure of mg/Al bimetallic structures for improved interfacial bonding.

关键词： Bimetallic structure Interfacial bonding CALPHAD and diffusion modeling Aluminum alloys magnesium alloys.

modeling gut neuro-epithelial connections in a novel microfluidic device

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第6期9卷 235-246页

作者： Jose m.de Hoyos-Vega Xi Yu alan m.Gonzalez-Suarez Sisi Chen Arnaldo mercado-Perez Eugene Krueger Jeric Hernandez Yaroslav Fedyshyn Brooke R.Druliner David R.Linden Arthur Beyder Alexander Revzin Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Enteric Neuroscience Program(ENSP) Mayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA

The intestinal lumen is filled with diverse chemical and physical *** epithelial cells sense these stimuli and signal to enteric neurons which coordinate a range of physiologic processes required for normal digestive tract ***,the neuro-epithelial connections remain poorly resolved,in part because the tools for orchestrating interactions between these cellular compartments are *** describe the development of a two-compartment microfluidic device for co-culturing enteric neurons with intestinal epithelial *** device contains epithelial and neuronal compartments connected by *** epithelial compartment was designed for cell seeding via injection and confinement of intestinal epithelial cells derived from human intestinal *** demonstrated that organoids planarized effectively and retained epithelial phenotype for over a *** the second chamber we dissociated and cultured intestinal myenteric neurons including intrinsic primary afferent neurons(IPANs)from transgenic mice that expressed the fluorescent protein *** extended projections into microgrooves,surrounded and frequently made contacts with epithelial *** density and directionality of neuronal projections were enhanced by the presence of epithelial cells in the adjacent *** microfluidic device represents a platform that may,in the future,be used to dissect structure and function of neuro-epithelial connections in the gut and other organs(skin,lung,bladder,and others)in health and disease.

关键词： fluid bladder organs

Fine-scale hydrologic modeling for regional landscape applications:the California Basin Characterization model development and performance

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Ecological Processes 2013年第1期2卷 254-274页

作者： Lorraine E Flint alan L Flint James H Thorne Ryan Boynton Water Resources Discipline U.S.Geological SurveyPlacer Hall6000 J StreetSacramentoCA 95819-6129USA Information Center for the Environment University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA

Introduction:Resource managers need spatially explicit models of hydrologic response to changes in key climatic drivers across variable landscape *** demonstrate the utility of a Basin Characterization model for California(CA-BCm)to integrate high-resolution data on physical watershed characteristics with historical or projected climate data to predict watershed-specific hydrologic ***:The CA-BCm applies a monthly regional water-balance model to simulate hydrologic responses to climate at the spatial resolution of a 270-m *** model has been calibrated using a total of 159 relatively unimpaired watersheds for the California ***:As a result of calibration,predicted basin discharge closely matches measured data for validation *** CA-BCm recharge and runoff estimates,combined with estimates of snowpack and timing of snowmelt,provide a basis for assessing variations in water *** important output variable,climatic water deficit,integrates the combined effects of temperature and rainfall on site-specific soil moisture,a factor that plants may respond to more directly than air temperature and precipitation *** outputs are calculated for each grid cell,allowing results to be summarized for a variety of planning units including hillslopes,watersheds,ecoregions,or political ***:The ability to confidently calculate hydrologic outputs at fine spatial scales provides a new suite of hydrologic predictor variables that can be used for a variety of purposes,such as projections of changes in water availability,environmental demand,or distribution of plants and *** we present the framework of the CA-BCm model for the California hydrologic region,a test of model performance on 159 watersheds,summary results for the region for the 1981–2010 time period,and changes since the 1951–1980 time period.

关键词： Water balance Basin models Watershed hydrology Climate change Downscaling Basin characterization model

Treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema with a fluocinolone acetonide implant in vitrectomized and non-vitrectomized eyes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2018年第12期11卷 1951-1956页

作者： Alberto La mantia alan Hawrami Heidi Laviers Sudeshna Patra Hadi Zambarakji Eye Treatment Centre Whipps Cross University Hospital Barts Health National Health System Foundation Trust

AIm: To report real-life data on the use of an intravitreal fluocinolone acetonide implant in the treatment of refractory diabetic macular edema(DmE) in pars plana vitrectomized(PPV) and non-PPV ***: This was a comparative retrospective observational study of 23 eyes with chronic DmE. Bestcorrected visual acuity(BCVA) and central macular thickness(CmT) were recorded at baseline, 1, 4 and 12 mo. Descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests were performed to analyze and compare PPV and non-PPV eyes. RESULTS: Seven PPV and 16 non-PPV eyes were included in the study. median BCVA in the non-PPV group varied from 0.65 logmAR [Interquartile range(IQR): 0.40] at baseline to 0.42 logmAR(IQR: 0.40) at 12 mo. median CmT varied from 430 μm(IQR: 131.3) at baseline to 317 μm(IQR: 107.5) at 12 mo. median BCVA in the PPV group varied from 0.60 logmAR(IQR: 0.62) at baseline to 0.74 logmAR(IQR: 0.34) at 12 mo. median CmT varied from 483 μm(IQR: 146) at baseline to 397 μm(IQR: 132) at 12 mo. Of 0/7 eyes and 1/16 eyes in the PPV and non-PPV eyes respectively had a baseline visual acuity of 6/12 or better(0.3 logmAR). At last follow up, 1/7 and 5/16 eyes in the PPV and non-PPV group respectively achieved a visual acuity of 6/12 or ***: Visual outcomes are modest following the use of the fluocinolone acetonide implant for chronic DmE. The steroid implant is a useful treatment option in the management of refractory DmE in vitrectomized and non-vitrectmized eyes.

关键词： diabetic macular edema fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant steroid vitrectomy

Taxonomic Studies on a New marine Ciliate, Apocoleps magnus gen. nov., spec. nov. (Ciliophora, Colepidae), Isolated from Qingdao, China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2009年第4期8卷 317-321页

作者： CHEN Xiangrui alan Warren SONG Weibo Laboratory of Protozoology KLM Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 P. R. China Department of Zoology Natural History Museum London SW7 5BD UK

The morphology and infraciliature of a new marine colepid ciliate, A＇pocoleps magnus gen. nov., spec. nov., are de- scribed based on living observations and silver impregnations. The new genus Apocoleps is characterized by having 8 （vs. 6 in most other related genera） armour tiers, spines at both ends of the cell, 3 adoral organelles and plates with 4 reniform uni-windows. Apo- coleps magnus spec. nov. is defined by the following features： body elongated and slightly curved, about *** 3545 lam in vivo; anterior tertiary tier plate with four uni-windows, most secondary and main tier plates with four uni-windows, posterior tertiary tier plate with two uni-windows; left plate margin slightly serrated; on average 23 transverse and 22 longitudinal ciliary rows; one terminal contractile vacuole; marine habitat.

关键词： marine ciliates new genus new species taxonomy