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Cognitive screening for adult psychiatric outpatients: Comparison of the Cognivue® to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第7期11卷 265-270页

作者： Amanda f Rose alan f gilbertson Constance Cottrell Rajesh R Tampi Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Cleveland Clinic Akron GeneralAkronOH 44307United States Office of Nursing Research and Innovation Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44106United States

In this editorial we comment on the article by Cahn-Hidalgo D published in a recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry 2020;10(1);*** focus on the importance of utilizing psychometrically valid cognitive screening tools when assessing for cognitive decline in older adults in a psychiatric outpatient *** compared the use of Cognivue®to use of the montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)as a cognitive screening tool.A total of 58 patients aged 55 and over participated in this comparison *** completed cognitive screening on Cognivue®,a new food and Drug Administration-cleared computer screening device,and the *** results of patient performance using these two instruments were ***(28%)patients screened negative for cognitive impairment on both ***-two(72%)patients screened positive on one or both of the *** was 43%agreement between Cognivue®and the MoCA in identifying patients with cognitive impairment,and individual subtests were weakly *** MoCA was determined to be the preferred instrument due to its high sensitivity and specificity(100%and 87%,respectively)when screening for cognitive *** propose that the use of Cognivue®cognitive screening tool be closely reviewed until more research proves that the test meets the standards for reliability and *** is important for clinicians to remember that screeners should not be used to diagnosis patients with neurocognitive disorders;instead,they should be used to determine whether further evaluation is ***,misdiagnosing of neurocognitive disorders can pose unnecessary psychological and emotional harm to patients and their families and also lead to incorrect treatment and undue healthcare costs.

关键词： Dementia Cognitive screening test Cognitive impairment Psychological assessment Neurocognitive disorder Geriatric psychiatry Cognitive decline

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Bulking Up the Bay-Position Substituents Enables Enhanced Selectivity of Cs‑Symmetric Boron Subphthalocyanine−Subnaphthalocyanine Hybrids

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Precision Chemistry 2024年第4期2卷 161-181页

作者： Nina f.farac alan J.Lough Timothy P.Bender Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E5Canada Department of Chemistry University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3H6Canada Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3E4Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering University of TorontoTorontoOntario M5S 3G8Canada

The precise synthesis of subporphyrinoid hybrids withπ-expanded topologies and unique material properties plays a promising role in the design of functional ***,selective,and controllable routes to boron subphthalocyanine−subnaphthalocyanine hybrids,Bsub(Pc_(3‑p)-Ncp)s,are desirable for this purpose yet synthetically challenging due to random mixtures of Cs-,C3v-,and,in some cases,C1-symmetric compounds that form during traditional statistical mixed ***,we addressed this issue by developing a sterically driven mixed cyclotrimerization with enhanced selectivity for the targeted Cs-symmetric hybrid and complete suppression of sterically crowded macrocyclic *** process,coupled with a rationally designed precursor bearing bulky phenyl substituents,enabled the synthesis and characterization of bay-position phenylated Ph2-(Rp)8Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))hybrids with halogens(Rp=Cl or f)in their peripheral isoindole *** selectivity ranged between 59 and 72%with remarkable yields,significantly higher than that of conventional mixed *** findings were augmented by theoretical calculations on precursor Lewis basicity as guiding principles into hybrid macrocycle ***,the incorporation of unfused phenyl groups and halogen atoms into the hybrid framework resulted in fine-tuned optical,structural,electronic,and electrochemical *** straightforward approach achieved improved selectivity and controlled narrowing of the product distribution,affording the efficient synthesis of structurally sophisticated Bsub(Pc_(2)-Nc_(1))*** then expands the library of 3-dimensionalπ-extended macrocycles for use in a range of applications,such as in optoelectronic devices with precisely tailored optical properties.

关键词： subphthalocyanine hybrids low-symmetry aromatic macrocycle selective cyclotrimerization sterically driven chemistry broad absorption material properties

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Soleus arthrogenic muscle inhibition following acute lateral ankle sprain correlates with symptoms and ankle disability but not with postural control

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 559-568,F0003页

作者： Kyung-Min Kim Joo-Sung Kim alan R.Needle Department of Sport Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon-si 16419Republic of Korea Department of Health and Human Performance Texas State UniversitySan MarcosTX 78666USA Department of Public Health&Exercise Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA Department of Rehabilitation Science Appalachian State UniversityBooneNC 28608USA

Background:Acute lateral ankle sprains(ALAS)are associated with long-term impairments and instability tied to altered neural *** muscle inhibition(AMI)has been observed in this population;however,relationships with injury-related impairments are unclear,potentially due to the resting,prone position in which AMI is typically *** AMI during bipedal stance may provide a better understanding of this ***:AMI was assessed in 38 young adults(19 ALAS within 72 h of injury:10 males,21.4±2.7 years;19 healthy controls:10 males,21.9±2.2 years;mean±SD)using the Hoffmann reflex(H-reflex)during bipedal *** stimulation was administered to identify the _(max)imal H-reflex(H_(max))and _(max)imal motor response(M_(max))from the soleus,fibularis longus,and tibialis anterior *** primary outcome measure was the H_(max)/M_(max) *** outcomes included acute symptoms(pain and swelling),postural control during bipedal stance,and self-reported ***:No significant group-by-limb interactions were observed for any ***,a significant group main effect was observed in the soleus muscle(f(1,35)=6.82,p=0.013),indicating significantly lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios following ALAS(0.38±0.20)compared to healthy controls(0.53±0.16).furthermore,lower H_(max)/M_(max) ratios in the soleus significantly correlated with acute symptoms and self-reported function but not with postural ***:This study supports previous evidence of AMI in patients with ALAS,providing insight into neurophysiologic impacts of musculoskeletal *** results suggest that assessing AMI in a standing position following acute injury may provide valuable insight into how AMI develops and guide potential therapeutic options to curb and offset the formation of joint instability.

关键词： Acute injuries Balance Hoffmann reflex Neural excitability Patient-reported outcomes

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Quantum-mechanical effects in photoluminescence from thin crystalline gold films

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第4期13卷 783-794页

作者： alan R.Bowman Alvaro Rodríguez Echarri fatemeh Kiani fadil Iyikanat Ted V.Tsoulos Joel D.Cox Ravishankar Sundararaman f.Javier García de Abajo Giulia Tagliabue Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies(LNET) STIÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland ICfO–Institut de Ciencies fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyCastelldefels(Barcelona)Spain. MBI–Max-Born-Institut BerlinGermany. POLIMA–Center for Polariton-driven Light–Matter Interactions University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. Danish Institute for Advanced Study University of Southern DenmarkOdense MDenmark. Department of Materials Science&Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. Department of Physics Applied Physicsand AstronomyRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNYUSA. ICREA–Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats BarcelonaSpain

Luminescence constitutes a unique source of insight into hot carrier processes in metals,including those in plasmonic nanostructures used for sensing and energy ***,being weak in nature,metal luminescence remains poorly understood,its microscopic origin strongly debated,and its potential for unraveling nanoscale carrier dynamics largely ***,we reveal quantum-mechanical effects in the luminescence emanating from thin monocrystalline gold ***,we present experimental evidence,supported by first-principles simulations,to demonstrate its photoluminescence origin(i.e.,radiative emission from electron/hole recombination)when exciting in the interband *** model allows us to identify changes to the measured gold luminescence due to quantum-mechanical effects as the gold film thickness is ***,such effects are observable in the luminescence signal from flakes up to 40 nm in thickness,associated with the out-of-plane discreteness of the electronic band structure near the fermi *** qualitatively reproduce the observations with first-principles modeling,thus establishing a unified description of luminescence in gold monocrystalline flakes and enabling its widespread application as a probe of carrier dynamics and light-matter interactions in this *** study paves the way for future explorations of hot carriers and charge-transfer dynamics in a multitude of material systems.

关键词： luminescence quantum crystalline

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Artificial light at night(alan) pollution alters bat lunar chronobiology:insights from broad-scale long-term acoustic monitoring

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 176-187页

作者： Han Li Pauline Allen Saige Boris Samantha Lagrama Jade Lyons Christina Mills Pauline Moussi Casey Nichols Carter Tacosik Mc Kenzie Tsaousis Nyzaya Livingston Wilson John f.Grider Kevin A.Parker Matina C.Kalcounis-Rueppell Department of Biology University of Nebraska Omaha Department of Biology University of North Carolina Greensboro Colorado Parks and Wild-life Parker Ecology LLC Department of Biological Sciences University of Alberta

Background The timing of behavior and habitat use of nocturnal animals can be influenced by the lunar cycle in nature. The prevalence of artificial light at night(alan) has been recognized as a source of environmental pol-lution. The interaction between alan and the lunar cycle on bat behavior is important for understanding anthro-pogenic effects on bats. We utilized a decade(2012–2022) of acoustic monitoring data collected in North Carolina, United States, to investigate the relationship between bat activity, lunar cycle, and light pollution. We examined whether the amount of lunar illumination affected species-specific nightly activity and whether hourly bat activity patterns varied between nights with different moon phases. We further investigated if the relationship between bat activity and the lunar cycle might be altered by light *** We found that seven bat species showed activity variation across nights in relation to the amount of moon illumination when alan was absent. In general, bats were less active on full moon nights compared to new moon nights. Light pollution interacted with the bat–lunar relationship in five of the seven species, masking the effect of the lunar cycle. We identified delayed bat activity patterns on nights with a full or waxing moon in seven species, and light pollution altered that pattern in four species. Overall, alan was associated with decreased bat activity inde-pendent of lunar cycle *** Our study demonstrated that at a broad spatial scale, alan negatively affected many North American temperate bat species and altered their lunar chronobiology. As light pollution is spreading to historically dark areas and habitats, alan might couple with other threats, such as the white-nose syndrome or climate change, to cause cascading damage in the environment that depends on ecosystem services such as pest control provided by bats. We argue that further research and conservation actions are needed to mitigate

关键词： Artificial light at night alan Bats Chiroptera Chronobiology Light pollution Lunar cycle Moonlight

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Phase constitution of the noble metal thin-film complex solid solution system Ag-Ir-Pd-Pt-Ru in dependence of elemental compositions and annealing temperatures

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 4827-4836页

作者： Bin Xiao Xiao Wang alan Savan Alfred Ludwig Materials Discovery and Interfaces Institute for MaterialsRuhr University Bochum44780 BochumGermany Zentrum für Grenzflächendominierte Höchstleistungswerkstoffe(ZGH) Ruhr University Bochum44780 BochumGermany

Multiple-principal element alloys hold great promise for multifunctional material discovery(e.g.,for novel electrocatalysts based on complex solid solutions)in a virtually unlimited compositional ***,the phase constitution of the noble metal system Ag-Ir-Pd-Pt-Ru was investigated over a large compositional range in the quinary composition space and for different annealing temperatures from 600 to 900°C using thin-film materials ***-dependent X-ray diffraction mapping of the asdeposited thin-film materials library indicates different phases being present across the composition space(face-centered cubic(fcc),hexagonal close packed(hcp)and mixed fcc+hcp),which are strongly dependent on the Ru *** general,low Ru contents promote the fcc phase,whereas high Ru contents favor the formation of an hcp solid-solution ***,a temperature-induced phase transformation study was carried out for a selected measurement area of fcc-Ag_(5)Ir_(8)Pd_(56)Pt_(8)Ru_(23).With increasing temperature,the initial fcc phase transforms to an intermediate C14-type Laves phase at 360°C,and then to hcp when the temperature reaches 510°*** formation and disappearance of the hexagonal Laves phase,which covers a wide temperature range,plays a crucial role of bridging the fcc to hcp phase *** obtained composition,phase and temperature data are transformed into phase maps which could be used to guide theoretical studies and lay a basis for tuning the functional properties of these materials.

关键词： noble metal high-entropy alloys phase transformation combinatorial synthesis and high-throughput characterization

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基于回授式健康教育的延续护理方案对内窥镜下声带息肉摘除术患者嗓音康复的影响

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黑龙江医学 2024年第2期48卷 205-207页

作者：江阿兰李灵郑星福建医科大学附属第一医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科福建福州350004

目的:探讨基于回授式健康教育的延续护理方案对内窥镜下声带息肉摘除术患者嗓音康复的影响,为临床护理干预提供依据。方法:选取2021年1—12月福建医科大学附属第一医院收治的64例行内窥镜下声带息肉摘除术的患者作为研究对象,采用随机... 详细信息

目的:探讨基于回授式健康教育的延续护理方案对内窥镜下声带息肉摘除术患者嗓音康复的影响,为临床护理干预提供依据。方法:选取2021年1—12月福建医科大学附属第一医院收治的64例行内窥镜下声带息肉摘除术的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组与回授组,每组各32例。对照组接受常规院外随访,回授组接受基于回授式健康教育的延续护理方案,两组患者均干预1个月。比较两组患者干预前后嗓音障碍程度[中文版嗓音障碍指数(VHI)量表评分]、嗓音声学参数[基频微扰(Jitter)、振幅微扰(Shimmer)、噪谐比(NHR)、最高基频(fhigh)、最长发声时间(MPT)]情况。结果:干预1个月,回授组患者VHI量表中f、P、E 3个维度评分及T评分均明显低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=4.567、8.468、6.697、6.577,P<0.05)。干预1个月,回授组患者Jitter、Shimmer、NHR及嗓音障碍严重指数(DSI)显著低于对照组患者,MPT显著长于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(t=10.219、4.243、5.657、3.628、6.754,P<0.05)。结论:构建并实施基于回授式健康教育的延续护理方案,有利于促进内窥镜下声带息肉摘除术患者的声带功能恢复,提高嗓音质量。

关键词：内窥镜下声带息肉摘除术回授式健康教育延续护理嗓音康复

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fast extended depth of focus meta-optics for varifocal functionality

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Photonics Research 2022年第3期10卷 828-833页

作者： James E.M.Whitehead alan Zhan Shane Colburn Luocheng Huang Arka Majumdar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA Tunoptix SeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA Department of Physics University of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonD.C.98195USA

Extended depth of focus(EDOf)optics can enable lower complexity optical imaging systems when compared to active focusing *** existing EDOf optics,however,it is difficult to achieve high resolution and high collection efficiency *** subwavelength spacing of scatterers in a meta-optic enables the engineering of very steep phase gradients;thus,meta-optics can achieve both a large physical aperture and a high numerical ***,we demonstrate a fast(f/1.75)EDOf meta-optic operating at visible wavelengths,with an aperture of 2 mm and focal range from 3.5 mm to 14.5 mm(286 diopters to 69 diopters),which is a 250×elongation of the depth of focus relative to a standard ***-independent performance is shown by imaging at a range of finite conjugates,with a minimum spatial resolution of∼9.84μm(50.8 cycles/mm).We also demonstrate operation of a directly integrated EDOf meta-optic camera module to evaluate imaging at multiple object distances,a functionality which would otherwise require a varifocal lens.

关键词： optics enable otherwise

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Sexual selection affects the sizes of the mammalian prostate gland and seminal vesicles

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Current Zoology 2009年第1期55卷 1-8页

作者： Matthew J. ANDERSON alan f. DIXSON Conservation and Research for Endangered Species Zoological Society of San Diego School of Biological Sciences Victoria University of Wellington

The accessory reproductive glands of male mammals contribute the bulk of the secretions in which spermatozoa are transported to the female tract during copulation. Despite their morphological diversity,and the chemical complexity of their products,little is known about the possible effects of sexual selection upon these glands in mammals. Here we consider the seminal vesicles and prostate glands in a sample of 89 species and 60 genera representing 8 Orders of mammals. The sizes of the accessory glands are analysed in relation to body weight and testes weight. Both the seminal vesicles size and prostate size (corrected for body weight) correlate positively with relative testes size in this sample; this finding remains highly significant after application of procedures to correct for possible phylogenetic biases in the data set. The accessory reproductive glands are also significantly larger in those mammals which have large relative testes sizes,and in which the likelihood of sperm competition is greatest. These results support the hypothesis that sexual selection has played an important role in the evolution of the mammalian prostate gland and seminal

关键词：哺乳动物生殖腺精囊睾丸

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Perceptual lateralization of vocal stimuli in goats

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 67-74页

作者： Luigi Baciadonna Christian Nawroth Elodie f. Briefer alan G. McELLiGOTT Biological and Experimental Psychology School of Biological and Chemical Sciences Queen Mary University of London Mile End Road London E1 4NS UK Institute of Behavioural Physiology Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology Dummerstorf Germany Institute of Agricultural Sciences ETH Zurich Universitatstrasse 2 8092 Zurich Switzerland Department of Life Sciences University of Roehampton London SW15 4JD UK

functional asymmetries, for example, the preferential involvement of 1 brain hemisphere to process stimuli, may increase brain efficiency and the capacity to carry out tasks simultaneously. We investigated which hemisphere was primarily invoIved in processing acoustic stimuli in goats using a headorienting paradigm. Three playbacks using goat vocalizations recorded in different contexts: food anticipation (positive), isolation (negative), food frustration (negative), as well as 1 playback involving dog barks (negative) were presented on the left and right sides of the test subjects simultaneously. The head-orienting response (left or right) and latency to resume feeding were recorded. The direction of the head-orienting response did not differ between the various playbacks. However, when the head-orienting response was tested against chanee level, goats showed a right bias regardless of the stimuli presented. Goats responded more to dog barks than to food frustration calls, whereas responses to food anticipation and isolation calls were intermediate. In addition, the latency to resume feeding, an indicator of fear reaction, was not affected by the kind of vocalization presented. These results provide evidence for asymmetries in goat vocal perceptio n of emotional-li nked con specific and heterospecific calls. They also suggest involvement of the left brain hemisphere for processing acoustic stimuli, which might have been perceived as familiar and non -threate ning.

关键词： auditory processing brain asymmetry emotions lateralization social cognition vocal communication

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