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LIVING/CONTROLLED GRAFTING FROM POLYMER MICROSPHERES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2003年第6期21卷 639-651页

作者： Harald D. H. stver Dept. of Chemistry McMaster University Hamilton ON L8S 4MI Canada

A review is given of grafting-from methods using living polymerizations, with emphasis on grafting from polymermicrospheres using ATRP.

关键词： Living controlled polymerization Grafting ATRP Microspheres

Biosynthesis of Monoterpenoid Indole AlkaloidAjmaline Catalyzed by Novel Reductases

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2006年第2期22卷 267-269页

作者： Gerald von Schumann Joachim stckigt Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Institute of Pharmacy Johannes Gutenberg University Staudinger Weg 5 D-55099 Mainz Germany

Introduction One of the major root alkaloids of the Indian medicinal plant Rauvolfia serpenlina Benth. ex Kurz is named ajmaline. The enzymatic biosynthesis of this alkaloid has been studied for a long time by our group As a result, a biosynthetic pathway has been established, in which about 10 enzymes participate, several of them belonging to the group of NADPH-dependent reductases. started with the biosynthetic precursors tryptamine and secologanin,

关键词： Biosynthesis Alkaloid Reductase Ajmaline

Factors that modulate olfactory dysfunction

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第7期13卷 1151-1155页

作者： Kate Beecher James A.st John Fatemeh Chehrehasa School of Biomedical Science Queensland University of Technology Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation Queensland University of Technology Clem Jones Centre for Neurobiology and stem Cell Research Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith University Menzies Health Institute Queensland Griffith University

The olfactory system is one of a few areas in the nervous system which is capable of regeneration throughout the *** sensory neurons reside in the nasal cavity are continuously replenished with new neurons arising from stem *** factors such as aging,neurodegenerative diseases,head trauma,brain tumor extraction and infection cause olfactory dysfunction which significantly influences physical wellbeing,quality of life,mental health,nutritional status,memory processes,identifying danger and is associated with increased ***,finding a treatment to improve olfactory dysfunction is *** research efforts in the field have shown some very promising new approaches to treat olfactory *** review explores the current studies that have addressed therapeutic approaches to improve olfactory neuron regeneration based on cell transplantation therapy,modulation of physiological olfactory dysfunction and drug treatments.

关键词： olfactory neuron regeneration anosmia loss of smell degeneration bulbectomy ensheathing cells growth factor epithelium receptor

Fused and Modified Evolutionary Optimization of Multiple Intelligent Systems Using ANN, SVM Approaches

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1479-1496页

作者： Jalal Sadoon Hameed Al-bayati Burak Berk Üstündağ Jalal Sadoon Hameed Al-bayati Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34469Turkey Burak BerkÜstündağ Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34469Turkey

The Fused Modified Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm has been proposed,which selects the most specific feature sets from images of the disease of plant *** Proposed algorithm ensures the detection of diseases during the early stages of the diagnosis of leaf disease by farmers and,finally,the crop needed to be controlled by farmers to ensure the survival and protection of *** this study,a novel approach has been suggested based on the standard optimization algorithm for grasshopper and the selection of *** conditions in plants are a major factor in reducing crop yield and *** delay or errors in the diagnosis of the disease can lead to delays in the management of plant disease spreading and damage and related material *** new heuristic optimization of swarm intelligence,Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm was inspired by grasshopper movements for their feeding *** simulates the attitude and social interaction of grasshopper swarm in terms of gravity and wind *** the decision on features extracted by an accelerated feature selection algorithm,popular approaches such as ANN and SVM classifiers had been *** the evaluation of the proposed model,different data sets of plant leaves were *** proposed model was successful in the diagnosis of the diseases of leaves the plant with an accuracy of 99.41 percent(average).The proposed biologically inspired model was sufficiently satisfied,and the best or most desirable characteristics were ***,the results of the research for these data sets were estimated by the proposed Fused Modified Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm(FMGOA).The results of that experiment were demonstrated to allow classification models to reduce input features and thus to increase the precision with the presented Modified Grasshopper Optimization *** and analysis were performed to prove the model validity through model parameters such as precision,recall,f-

关键词： Fusion machine learning plant leaves diseases feature selection fused modified grasshopper algorithm

The effects of step inclination and air injection on the water flow in a stepped spillway:A numerical study

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2017年第2期29卷 322-331页

作者： Khadidja Kherbache Xavier Chesneau Belkacem Zeghmati stéphane Abide Saadia Benmamar Universite de Perpignan Via Domitia(UPVD) LAhoratoire the Mathematiques et de PhySique(LAMPS)EA4217F-66860PerpignanFrance Ecole Nationale Polytechnique Laboratoire de Recherche des Sciences de I'eau10 Avenue Hassen Badi16000 AlgerAlgerie

In this work, we perform a numerical study of a water flow over a stepped spillway. This flow is described by the Reynolds averaged Navier-stokes equation （RANS） associated with the turbulence k - model. These equations are solved using a commercial software based on the finite volume scheme and an unstructured mesh. The air-water flow was modeled using volume of fluid （VOF） and multiphasic methods. The characteristics of the profile, etc.. We analyze the effects on the flow structure of the flow were investigated including the total pressure, the velocity steps and countermarch inclination, the air injection through the countermarch into the water flow and the dynamics water discharges. Results show that the inclination of the countermarch relative to the vertical and the air injection into the water flow increase the total pressure in the neighbourhood of the steps.

关键词： stepped spillway turbulence air-water air injection volume of fluid (VOF) method multiphasic method

Effects of C2 hemisection on respiratory and cardiovascular functions in rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 428-433页

作者： Pauline Michel-Flutot Arnaud Mansart Abdallah Fayssoil stéphane Vinit UniversitéParis-Saclay UVSQInsermEND-ICAPVersaillesFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay UVSQInsermInfection et Inflammation(2I)VersaillesFrance Raymond PoincaréHospital AP-HPGarchesFrance

High ce rvical spinal co rd injuries induce permanent neuromotor and autonomic *** injuries impact both central respiratory and cardiovascular functions through modulation of the sympathetic nervous *** far,cardiovascular studies have focused on models of complete contusion or transection at the lower cervical and thoracic levels and diaphragm activity evaluations using invasive *** present study aimed to evaluate the impact of C2 hemisection on different parameters representing vital functions(i.e.,respiratory function,cardiovascular,and renal filtration parameters)at the moment of injury and 7 days post-injury in *** ventilatory parameters evaluated by plethys mography were impacted during quiet breathing after 7 days post-injury,whereas permanent diaphragm hemiplegia was observed by ultrasound and confirmed by diaphragmatic electromyography in anesthetized ***,the mean arterial pressure was reduced immediately after C2 hemisection,with complete compensation at 7 days *** filtration was unaffected at 7 days post-injury;however,remnant systolic dysfunction chara cterized by a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction persisted at 7 days *** together,these results demonstrated that following C2 hemisection,diaphragm activity and systolic function are impa cted up to 7 days post-injury,whereas the respiratory and cardiovascular systems display vast ada ptation to maintain ventilatory parameters and blood pressure homeostasis,with the latter likely sustained by the remaining descending sympathetic inputs spared by the initial injury.A better broad characterization of the physiopathology of high cervical spinal cord injuries covering a longer time period post-injury could be beneficial for understanding evaluations of putative therapeutics to further increase cardiorespiratory recovery.

关键词： C2 spinal cord injury cardiovascular diaphragm activity heart function hemiplegia rat model respiratory ultrasound

Potential use of lactate for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 788-790页

作者： Isadora D’Ávila Tassinari Luciano stürmer de Fraga Laboratory of Neurobiology and Metabolism(NeuroMet) Department of PhysiologyInstituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde(ICBS)Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS) Post-Graduate Program in Physiology Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde(ICBS)Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS) Unidade de Experimentação Animal Centro de Pesquisa ExperimentalHospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre(HCPA)Porto AlegreBrazil

Function of lactate:Lactate is a three-carbon molecule produced by glycolytic metabolism that is a metabolic waste product with no known use in clinical ***,it is a metabolite that the body should quickly guarantee the ***,lactate is now recognized as a potential energy substrate,as well as an anti-inflammatory signaling *** actions were first reported in adult animal models with a brain injury,including a traumatic brain injury and cerebral ischemia,and have also been observed in human patients(Magistretti and Allaman,2018).Recently,however,two studies by independent research groups described promising n euro p rotective results from the use of lactate in animal models with neonatal hypoxia-ischemia(Roumes et al.,2021;Tassinari et al.,2020).

关键词： neonatal metabolism ischemia

Exploring the effects of dietary inulin in rainbow trout fed a high‑starch,100%plant‑based diet

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 713-732页

作者： Raphaël Defaix Jep Lokesh Laura Frohn Mickael Le Bechec Thierry Pigot Vincent Veron Anne Surget Sandra Biasutti Frederic Terrier Sandrine Skiba-Cassy Jerome Roy stephane Panserat Karine Ricaud Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAINRAENUMEASaint‑Pee‑Sur‑NivelleFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPACNRSIMT Mines AlesIPREMPauFrance Universite de Pau Et Des Pays de L’Adour E2S UPPAIUT des Pays de l’AdourDepartement Genie BiologiqueMont de MarsanFrance.

Background High dietary carbohydrates can spare protein in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)but may affect growth and ***,a prebiotic,could have nutritional and metabolic effects,along with anti-inflammatory properties in teleosts,improving growth and *** tested this hypothesis in rainbow trout by feeding them a 100%plant-based diet,which is a viable alternative to fishmeal and fish oil in aquaculture *** a two-factor design,we examined the impact of inulin(2%)as well as the variation in the carbohydrates(CHO)/plant protein ratio on rainbow *** assessed the influence of these factors on zootechnical parameters,plasma metabolites,gut microbiota,production of short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid,as well as the expression of free-fatty acid receptor genes in the mid-intestine,intermediary liver metabolism,and immune markers in a 12-week feeding *** The use of 2%inulin did not significantly change the fish intestinal microbiota,but interestingly,the high CHO/protein ratio group showed a change in intestinal microbiota and in particular the beta diversity,with 21 bacterial genera affected,including Ralstonia,Bacillus,and 11 lactic-acid producing *** were higher levels of butyric,and valeric acid in groups fed with high CHO/protein diet but not with *** high CHO/protein group showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines(il1b,il8,and tnfa)in liver and a lower expression of the genes coding for tight-junction proteins in mid-intestine(tjp1a and tjp3).However,the 2%inulin did not modify the expression of plasma immune ***,inulin induced a negative effect on rainbow trout growth performance irrespective of the dietary *** With a 100%plant-based diet,inclusion of high levels of carbohydrates could be a promising way for fish nutrition in aquaculture through a protein sparing effect whereas the supplementation of 2%inulin does not appear to improve the use of CHO wh

关键词： Aquaculture Fish nutrition Gut microbiota Immune markers Intermediary metabolism Inulin Prebiotic Rainbow trout Short-chain fatty acids

An overview on biochar production, its implications, and mechanisms of biochar-induced amelioration of soil and plant characteristics

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Pedosphere 2022年第1期32卷 107-130页

作者： Fasih Ullah HAIDER Jeffrey ACOULTER Liqun CAI Saddam HUSSAIN Sardar alam CHEEMA Jun WU Renzhi ZHANG College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid-land Crop Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture FaisalabadFaisalabad 38040Pakistan

The degradation of soil fertility and quality due to rapid industrialization and human activities has stimulated interest in the rehabilitation of low-fertility soils to sustainably improve crop yield. In this regard, biochar has emerged as an effective multi-beneficial additive that can be used as a medium for the amelioration of soil properties and plant growth. The current review highlights the methods and conditions for biochar production and the effects of pyrolysis temperature, feedstock type, and retention time on the physicochemical properties of biochar. We also discuss the impact of biochar as a soil amendment with respect to enhancing soil physical (e.g., surface area, porosity, ion exchange, and water-holding capacity) and chemical (e.g., pH, nutrient exchange,functional groups, and carbon sequestration) properties, improving the soil microbiome for increased plant nutrient uptake and growth, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, minimizing infectious diseases in plants, and facilitating the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils. The possible mechanisms for biochar-induced amelioration of soil and plant characteristics are also described, and we consider the challenges associated with biochar utilization. The findings discussed in this review support the feasibility of expending the application of biochar to improve degraded soils in industrial and saline-alkali regions, thereby increasing the usable amount of cultivated soil. Future research should include long-term field experiments and studies on biochar production and environmental risk management to optimize biochar performance for specific soil remediation purposes.

关键词： carbon sequestration crop yield pyrolysis soil amendment soil fertility soil remediation