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Governance of noncommunicable diseases in Afghanistan

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Chronic Diseases and Translational medicine 2024年第3期10卷 238-246页

作者： Narges Neyazi ali m.mosadeghrad maryam Tajvar Najibullah Safi International Campus School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Health System Development World Health OrganizationAfghanistan Department of Health management Policy and EconomicsSchool of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran

Background Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)are the main reasons of mortality *** of every two person is dying due to NCDs in *** policy actors,mainly the World Health Organization(WHO),published several reports and declarations on controlling and preventing *** study aimed to provide a situation for governance of NCDs in Afghanistan and proper solutions for identified *** We conducted qualitative research utilizing interpretive phenomenology.A self-developed questionnaire was developed to conduct the semi-structured interviews with 39 experts from *** results were analyzed using a deductive framework *** building block framework of health system developed by the WHO was used as predefined framework for this *** The governance building block of health system consists of five subthemes including policy making,planning,organizing,stewardship,and *** identified main strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and challenges for these *** experts also provided key recommendations to address the *** management of NCDs is a neglected part of the health system in *** evidence-based policy making with technical and indigenous planning,establishing responsive units with adequate financial and human resources within different ministries to address“health in all policies”concept,passing and implementing national laws and regulations to support national strategies for prevention and control of NCDs,and establishing decentralized monitoring systems to control the implementation of these strategies are the main recommendations of this *** government and international policy actors should invest and support the development of a multisectoral coordination system at national level for Afghanistan.

关键词： governance health in all policies health system multisectoral coordination noncommunicable diseases

Kaoline-based catalyst for a high stability desulfurization of sour heavy naphtha in a three-phase oscillatory baffled reactor

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Particuology 2024年第1期84卷 249-260页

作者： Hassan m.Hmood Saba A.Gheni Safaa m.R.Ahmed mudheher m.ali Hamid Yonis Saleh mohammed H.mohammed Awad E.mohammed marwan A.mahomood Hiba R.mohammed Ahmed A.Hassan Adam Harvey North Refineries Company Ministry of OilIraq Chemical Engineering Department Tikrit UniversityIraq ministry of Oil Iraq AL-Hawija Technical Institute Northern Technical UniversityMoselIraq School of Engineering Newcastle UniversityUK

To meet the rapidly increasing demand for energy and the dramatic depletion of conventional crude oil,it is imperative to utilize sour *** no coke being produced,oxidative desulfurization(ODS)of naphtha lowers its sulfur content and average molecular *** this article,we outline a method for heavy naphtha non-extractive ODS using a very stable *** technique involves the use of a solid catalyst with oxygen gas as the *** necessitated relatively high mixing intensities;hence a three-phase Oscillatory Baffled Reactor(OBR)was *** catalyst was based on the zeolite ZSm-5,prepared from natural kaolin by a series of delamination and activation steps and impregnated with Fe.A TiO2 nanolayer was applied,using the sol-gel method,to prevent rapid *** reactor performance was evaluated to minimize the sulfur content in the naphtha *** to the protective coating,the sulfur conversion stabilized at 90%.The results of this work establish the use of natural clay-based catalysts in a continuous,three-phase ODS,particularly with regard to proving long-term *** also showed that modest ODS can be achieved using an environmentally friendly oxidant,at mild operating conditions,whilst maintaining stability.

关键词： Natural kaoline Desulfurization Three-phase Oscillatory baffled reactor

Does the Redshift Distribution of Swift Long GRBs Trace the Star-Formation Rate?

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International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 20-44页

作者： ali m. Hasan Walid J. Azzam Department of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Bahrain

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are extremely powerful explosions that have been traditionally classified into two categories: long bursts (LGRBs) with an observed duration T90 > 2 s, and short bursts (SGRBs) with an observed duration T90 T90 is the time interval during which 90% of the fluence is detected. LGRBs are believed to emanate from the core-collapse of massive stars, while SGRBs are believed to result from the merging of two compact objects, like two neutron stars. Because LGRBs are produced by the violent death of massive stars, we expect that their redshift distribution should trace the star-formation rate (SFR). The purpose of our study is to investigate the extent to which the redshift distribution of LGRBs follows and reflects the SFR. We use a sample of 370 LGRBs taken from the Swift catalog, and we investigate different models for the LGRB redshift distribution. We also carry out monte Carlo simulations to check the consistency of our results. Our results indicate that the SFR can describe the LGRB redshift distribution well for high redshift bursts, but it needs an evolution term to fit the distribution well at low redshift.

关键词： Gamma-Ray Bursts Redshift Distribution Star-Formation Rate

Complement-dependent neuroinflammation in spinal cord injury:from pathology to therapeutic implications

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1324-1335页

作者： Hassan Saad Bachar El Baba ali Tfaily Firas Kobeissy Juanmarco Gutierrez Gonzalez Daniel Refai Gerald R.Rodts Christian mustroph David Gimbel Jonathan Grossberg Daniel L.Barrow matthew F.Gary ali m.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurology Yale UniversityNew HavenCTUSA Center for Neurotrauma Multiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Spinal cord injury remains a major cause of disability in young adults,and beyond acute decompression and rehabilitation,there are no pharmacological treatments to limit the progression of injury and optimize recovery in this *** the thorough investigation of the complement system in triggering and propagating cerebral neuroinflammation,a similar role for complement in spinal neuroinflammation is a focus of ongoing *** this work,we survey the current literature investigating the role of complement in spinal cord injury including the sources of complement proteins,triggers of complement activation,and role of effector functions in the *** study relevant data demonstrating the different triggers of complement activation after spinal cord injury including direct binding to cellular debris,and or activation via antibody binding to damage-associated molecular *** effector functions of complement have been implicated in spinal cord injury,and we critically evaluate recent studies on the dual role of complement anaphylatoxins in spinal cord injury while emphasizing the lack of pathophysiological understanding of the role of opsonins in spinal cord *** this pathophysiological review,we systematically review the different translational approaches used in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and discuss the challenges for future translation into human *** review emphasizes the need for future studies to dissect the roles of different complement pathways in the pathology of spinal cord injury,to evaluate the phases of involvement of opsonins and anaphylatoxins,and to study the role of complement in white matter degeneration and regeneration using translational strategies to supplement genetic models.

关键词： complement neuroinflammation neuroplasticity regeneration spinal cord injury targeted therapy

Complement activation kindles the transition of acute post-traumatic brain injury to a chronic inflammatory disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2228-2229页

作者： Andrew Erwood ali m.Alawieh Department of Neurosurgery Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)remains a major cause of disability among young adults in both civilian and military settings contributing to a high burden on healthcare systems(Badhiwala et al.,2019).Sequel of TBI,even mild injuries,include motor and sensory dysfunction,neurocognitive decline,neuropsychiatric complications,as well as increased risk of neurodegenerative and neurovascular events such as Alzheimer’s disease and stroke(Breunig et al.,2013;Burke et al.,2013;Li et al.,2017).Despite the acute nature of the insult in TBI,pathological changes in the traumatized brain are better recognized as a chronic rather than an acute neurological disease,a phenomenon that remains under-investigated.

关键词： acute injuries injury

Removal of organic pollutants by lanthanide-doped mIL-53(Fe) metal-organic frameworks:Effect of dopant type in magnetite precursor

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第1期41卷 140-148页

作者： Shimaa m.ali Khadija m.Emran Fedaa m.m.Alrashedee Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceCairo University.Giza12613Egypt Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceTaibah UniversityMadinah30002Saudi Arabia

A series of undoped and lanthanide doped mIL-53(Fe)/Ln-Fe_(3)O_(4)(Ln=La,Nd,or Gd) metal-organic frameworks(mOFs) were prepared by the solvothermal *** prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET) measurements,scanning electron microscopy(SEm),and thermal *** and FT-IR results ascertain the successful mOF formation for all prepared ***-53(Fe)/La-Fe_(3)O_(4) has the smallest particle size of 8.6 nm,the largest BET surface area of 54.2 m^(2)/g,and the highest *** and different lanthanide doped mIL-53(Fe) we re employed as sorbents for the removal of methylene blue(mB)dye from aqueous solutions to examine the doping benefit and the effect of the dopant size on the sorption *** causes mOFs to act as pH-independent sorbents,which make it applicable at any *** follows pseudo-second-order kinetic model,and doped sorbents attain equilibrium *** isotherms are followed,except for mIL-53(Fe)/La-Fe_(3)O_(4).The adsorption capacity increases with increasing the dopant ion size,100.5 mg/g for La-doped mOF,which is about four times higher than that of undoped *** adsorption mechanism involves chemical interactions between Lewis acid in magnetite mIL-53(Fe) series and Lewis base in mB.

关键词： Lanthanide metal organic framework Adsorption Doping Organic dyes Rare earths

A novel multi-stable sinusoidal chaotic map with spectacular behaviors

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2023年第11期75卷 3-14页

作者： Ahmed m ali ali Sridevi Sriram Hayder Natiq Atefeh Ahmadi Karthikeyan Rajagopal Sajad Jafari Department of Electronics Techniques Babylon Technical InstituteAl-Furat Al-Awsat Technical UniversityBabylon51001Iraq Al-mustaqbal University College Babylon51001Iraq Centre for Computational Biology Chennai Institute of TechnologyChennai600069Tamil NaduIndia Department of Computer Technology Engineering College of Information TechnologyImam Ja’afar Al-Sadiq UniversityBaghdad10001Iraq Department of Biomedical Engineering Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)TehranIran Centre for Nonlinear Systems Chennai Institute of TechnologyChennai600069Tamil NaduIndia Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering and University Centre of Research and Development Chandigarh UniversityMohali140413PunjabIndia Health Technology Research Institute Amirkabir University of Technology(Tehran Polytechnic)TehranIran

Chaotic behavior can be observed in continuous and discrete-time *** behavior can appear in one-dimensional nonlinear maps;however,having at least three state variables in flows is *** to the lower mathematical complexity and computational cost of maps,lots of research has been conducted based on *** paper aims to present a novel one-dimensional trigonometric chaotic map that is multi-stable and can act *** proposed chaotic map is first analyzed using a single sinusoidal function;then,its abilities are expanded to a map with a combination of two sinusoidal *** stability conditions of both maps are investigated,and their different behaviors are validated through time series,state space,and cobweb ***,the influence of parameter variations on the maps’outputs is examined by one-dimensional and two-dimensional bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponent ***,the diversity of outputs with varying initial conditions reveals this map’s *** newly designed chaotic map can be employed in encryption applications.

关键词： chaotic map discrete chaos sinusoidal map multi-stability dynamical analysis

multi-Attribute Group Decision-making method under Spherical Fuzzy Bipolar Soft Expert Framework with Its Application

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2023年第11期137卷 1891-1936页

作者： mohammed m.ali Al-Shamiri Ghous ali muhammad Zain Ul Abidin Arooj Adeel Department of mathematics Faculty of Science and ArtsMahayl AssirKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia Department of mathematics and Computer Faculty of ScienceIbb UniversityIbbYemen Department of mathematics Division of Science and TechnologyUniversity of EducationLahorePakistan

Spherical fuzzy soft expert set(SFSES)theory blends the perks of spherical fuzzy sets and group decision-making into a unified *** allows solutions to highly complicated uncertainties and ambiguities under the unbiased supervision and group decision-making of multiple ***,SFSES theory has some deficiencies such as the inability to interpret and portray the bipolarity of *** work highlights and overcomes these limitations by introducing the novel spherical fuzzy bipolar soft expert sets(SFBSESs)as a powerful hybridization of spherical fuzzy set theory with bipolar soft expert sets(BSESs).Followed by the development of certain set-theoretic operations and properties of the proposed model,important problems,including the selection of non-powered dam(NPD)sites for hydropower conversion are discussed and solved under the proposed *** problems mainly focus on the need for an efficient tool capable of considering the bipolarity of parameters,complicated ambiguities,and multiple *** the new approach by a detailed comparative analysis,it is concluded that the proposed model is more comprehensive and reliable for multi-attribute group decisionmaking(mAGDm)than the previous tools,particularly considering the bipolarity of parameters under SFSES environment.

关键词： Spherical fuzzy sets bipolar soft expert sets group decision-making algorithm non-powered dams

COVID-19 and hepatic injury: cellular and molecular mechanisms in diverse liver cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第3期29卷 425-449页

作者： Fares E m ali mostafa K Abd El-Aziz mahmoud m ali Osama m Ghogar Adel G Bakr Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyAl-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt Department of Pharmacology Al-Azhar UniversityAssiut 71524Egypt Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Badr University in AssiutEgypt

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)represents a global health and economic *** injuries have been approved to be associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)*** viral tropism pattern of SARS-CoV-2 can induce hepatic injuries either by itself or by worsening the conditions of patients with hepatic ***,other factors have been reported to play a crucial role in the pathological forms of hepatic injuries induced by SARS-CoV-2,including cytokine storm,hypoxia,endothelial cells,and even some treatments for *** the other hand,several groups of people could be at risk of hepatic COVID-19 complications,such as pregnant women and *** present review outlines and discusses the interplay between SARS-CoV-2 infection and hepatic injury,hepatic illness comorbidity,and risk ***,it is focused on the vaccination process and the role of developed vac-cines in preventing hepatic injuries due to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

关键词： COVID-19 Hepatic injury Viral tropism COVID-19 comorbidity Vaccination