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Short-Term Drug-Drug Interaction between Sildenafil and Bosentan under Long-Term Use in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2013年第7期4卷 542-548页

作者： Sachiko Miyakawa Keiichi Odagiri Naoki Inui akio hakamata Takahiro Goto Shimako Tanaka Shinya Uchida Noriyuki Namiki Hiroshi Watanabe Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan Department of Drug Evaluation and Informatics School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science School of Pharmaceutical Science University of Shizuoka Shizuoka Japan.

Sildenafil and bosentan are often co-administered for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) treatment. The plasma concentration of sildenafil can be decreased by half if co-administered with bosentan. Many patients take these agents simultaneously in the morning and the evening. The aim of this study was to examine the pharmacokinetics of sildenafil which was interfered with bosentan administration to ascertain whether these agents should be given concomitantly or separately. A two-way crossover study was conducted in 6 PAH patients with combination therapy of sildenafil and bosentan. Participants underwent the sequence of treatment phases: phase S (sildenafil administered 3 h before bosen-tan);phase B (bosentan administered 3 h before sildenafil);and phase C (administered concomitantly). Blood samples were collected on the last day of each phase. There was no significant difference in maximum plasma concentration or area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC0-8) between phase C and phase S (95.5 ± 24.8 vs. 72.9 ± 40.9 (p = 0.07), 209.7 ± 81.8 vs. 180.2 ± 126.4 (p = 0.24), respectively) or between phases C and B (87.8 ± 42.0 vs. 99.6 ± 33.9 (p = 0.59), 197.2 ± 88.2 vs. 240.7 ± 121.8 (p = 0.19), respectively) (ng/mL, mean ± standard deviation). Large intra-and inter-individual variability in sildenafil concentration was noted. The timing of administration of sildenafil and bosentan does not significantly influence the plasma concentration of sildenafil. Physicians do not need to be overly concerned about the timing of administration of these drugs to maximize the sildenafil concentration.

关键词： Drug-Drug Interaction Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Sildenafil Bosentan Pharmacokinetics

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Intercross real-time control strategy in alternating activated sludge process for short-cut biological nitrogen removal treating domestic wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2008年第8期20卷 957-963页

作者： akio TAKIGAWA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Maebashi Institute of Technology 460-1Kamisatory-choMaebashiGunma 371-0816Japan

To develop technically feasible and economically favorable dynamic process control(DPC)strategies for an alternating activated sludge(AAS)system,a bench-scale continuous-flow alternating aerobic and anoxic reactor,performing short-cut nitrogen removal from real domestic wastewater was operated under different control strategies for more than five months.A fixed-time control(FTC) study showed that bending-points on pH and oxidation-reduction potential(ORP)profiles accurately coincided with the major biologic...

关键词： alternating activated sludge process continuous-flow real-time control nitrification

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Culm form analysis for bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第3期24卷 525-530页

作者： akio Inoue Laboratory of Forest Ecology Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences Prefectural University of KumamotoKumamoto 862-8502 Japan

We investigated the culm form for one of the largest bamboo species, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex Houz. in relation to the me- chanical constraint principles, i.e., elastic, stress and geometric similarity. The fine-resolution analysis of the culm taper indicated that the culm for P. pubescens consisted of three or four segments with various forms, except for the butt swell. This implied that the taper of the whole culm for P. pubescens could be expressed by neither of these principles. The regression slope between culm height and diameter at breast height on the double logarithmic coordinates was 0.629, which was significantly different from the values predicted from these principles. In conclusion, none of these mechanical constraint principles can express the culm taper and height-diameter relationship, and there may be a need for a more complicated model to express the culm form for P. pubescens.

关键词： culm taper fine-resolution analysis height-diameter rela-tionship mechanical constraint principle Phyllostachys pubescens

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Synthesis and characteristics of transparent Gd_(2)O_(3)ceramics with cubic structure

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第4期13卷 463-468页

作者： akio Ikesue Yan Lin Aung World Lab Co. Nagoya456-8587Japan

Transparent Gd_(2)O_(3)ceramics with a cubic crystal structure were successfully synthesized for the first *** Gd_(2)O_(3)ceramics subjected to hot isostatic press(HIP)at 1070℃consisted of uniform grains of 2-3μm,and only a few residual pores could be detected inside the materials.X-ray diffraction(XRD)shows that the obtained polycrystalline materials have a cubic crystal structure,and the transmission polarized light observation shows that there is no birefringence inside the materials,indicating inherent optical properties of the cubic crystal *** optical absorption edge is 640 nm(optical band gap:2.1 eV),and the transmittance in the visible to near-infrared region is 72%,which is close to the theoretical transmittance calculated from Fresnel *** constant of this material is almost wavelength-independent,and it is diamagnetic since it has the opposite polarity to that of common paramagnetic materials.

关键词： gadolinium oxide cubic hot isostatic press(HiP) diamagnetic Verdet constant

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Anisotropic alumina ceramics with isotropic optical properties

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2023年第1期12卷 72-81页

作者： akio IKESUE Yan Lin AUNG World Lab.Co. Ltd.Nagoya 456-8587Japan

Excellent mechanical and isotropic optical properties are achieved simultaneously from fully dense polycrystalline advanced alumina ceramics with a hexagonal crystal structure,which are optically anisotropic.A small amount(240 ppm)of ZrO_(2) additive is used to synthesize the transparent alumina ceramics with an average grain size of 0.7µm,and locally detected optical distortion(birefringence)is extremely minimized,less than 20 nm/*** transmittance(86%)of the alumina ceramics(thickness=0.3 mm)in ultraviolet(UV)to infrared(IR)regions is similar to that of commercial c-axis sapphire single crystals produced by Czochralski(CZ)method,while the extinction ratio in the visible wavelength area is over 25 *** glass and the c-axis sapphire single crystals,the alumina ceramics can clearly display texts and images on liquid crystal display(LCD)screens.A grain boundary phase of nano-sized Al_(2)O_(3)-ZrO_(2) composition(amorphous)is formed at the grain boundary of the advanced alumina ceramics,which enhances four-point bending strength and fracture toughness(KIC)simultaneously to 921 MPa and 6.8 MPa·m^(0.5),respectively,and hence the mechanical properties are superior to those of the sapphire single crystals.

关键词： alumina anisotropy isotropy fracture toughness(KIC) optical ceramics grain boundary phase

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Progress in reducing AC magnetization losses of Bi2223/Ag tapes by introducing interfilamentary oxide barriers

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2010年第1期20卷 104-110页

作者： Ryoji INADA akio OOTA Toyohashi University of Technology 1-1 HibarigaokaTempaku-choToyohashiAichi 441-8580Japan

This paper presents our recent progress for the development of low-loss Bi2223/Ag tapes with interfilamentary oxide *** the compatibility with Bi2223 superconductors,SrZrO3was selected as barrier ***,small amount of Bi2212 was mixed with SrZrO3to improve its ductility for cold *** controlling the thickness of barrier layers among the filaments,reducing the tape width（<3 mm）and twisting the filaments tightly（<5 mm in twist pitch lengths）,coupling frequency fcexceeded 250 Hz even in an AC perpendicular field at *** Jcof the barrier tapes with tightly twisted filaments was in the range of 12-15 kA/cm2at 77 K and *** 50 mT and 50 Hz,the twisted barrier tapes showed 60%-70%lower perpendicular field losses than the conventional 4 mm-width tape with fully coupled filaments.

关键词： Bi2223 tapes interfilamentary oxide barriers filament twisting magnetization losses coupling frequency

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Characteristic of Local Boiling Heat Transfer of Ammonia and Ammonia/Water Binary Mixture on the Plate Type Evaporator

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Journal of Thermal Science 2011年第4期20卷 332-342页

作者： akio OKAMOTO Hirofumi ARIMA Yasuyuki IKEGAMI Titanium Division KOBE STEEL Ltd.Japan Institute of Ocean Energy Saga UniversityJapan

Power generation using small temperature difference such as ocean thermal energy conversion(OTEC)and discharged thermal energy conversion(DTEC)is expected to be the countermeasures against global warming *** ammonia and ammonia/water are used in evaporators for OTEC and DTEC as working fluids,the research of their local boiling heat transfer is important for improvement of the power generation *** of local boiling heat transfer coefficients were performed for ammonia/water mixture(z=0.9-1)on a vertical flat plate heat exchanger in a range of mass flux(7.5-15 kg/m2s),heat flux(15-23 kW/m 2),and pressure(0.7-0.9 MPa).The result shows that in the case of ammonia/water mixture,the local heat transfer coefficients increase with an increase of mass flux and composition of ammonia,and decrease with an increase of heat flux.

关键词： Local Heat Transfer Ammonia/Water Mixture Plate Type Evaporator OTEC

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Performance of a Thermal Bipedal Walker on Inclined Surfaces with Different Leg CoMs

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第3期16卷 540-549页

作者： Lingchao Su Takeru Nemoto akio Yamamoto Department of Precision Engineering School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Japan

This paper investigates the walking performance of a thermal walker on various inclined surfaces. The thermal walker can walk only by ground heat energy using bimetal sheets. The walking performance on slopes is analyzed using a simplified walker model. The analytical result is compared with the two sets of walking experiments, on slopes with either pitch or roll inclinations. The analyses and the experiments are done with different Center-of-Mass (CoM) positions of the legs, which considerably influence the walking performance. It was found that, on up/down slopes, the stride of the thermal walker changes almost linearly with the slope angle. When the CoM was close to the center of the walker body, the walker walked backward on upward slopes. With CoM largely shifted backward, the walker could walk up slopes but did not walk down slopes well. On the other hand, when walking along a contour line of a slope, the stride decreased as the slope angle increased. The smaller leg swing distances would be caused by the change of leg swing time on such slopes.

关键词： bipedal walker bimetal thermal walker thermal actuator slope

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Origami Folding by Multifingered Hands with Motion Primitives

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2021年第1期2021卷 169-183页

作者： akio Namiki Shuichi Yokosawa Graduate School of Engineering Chiba UniversityChibaJapan

Origami,a traditional Japanese art,is an example of superior handwork produced by human *** such extreme dexterity is one of the goals of robotic *** the work described in this paper,we developed a new general-purpose robot system with sufficient capabilities for performing *** decomposed the complex folding motions into simple primitives and generated the overall motion as a combination of these ***,to measure the paper deformation in real-time,we built an estimator using a physical simulator and a depth *** a result,our experimental system achieved consecutive valley folds and a squash fold.

关键词： robot primitive system

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Depolymerization of polyamide 6 in hydrophilic ionic liquids

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Green Energy & Environment 2019年第2期4卷 166-170页

作者： akio Kamimura Yuto Shiramatsu Takuji Kawamoto Department of Applied Chemistry Yamaguchi University

Polyamide 6 underwent an efficient depolymerization in hydrophilic ionic liquids under microwave irradiation at 300C. The depolymerization completed within 60 min. Caprolactam was readily separated by simple extraction procedure and the ionic liquids were recovered and reused for several times. Addition of catalytic amounts of DMAP(N,N-dimethylaminopyridine) promoted the depolymerization *** present improved procedure provides a method to avoid direct distillation procedure, which consumes energy for the separation of caprolactam from ionic liquids. Although some contamination of ionic liquids was observed, the present procedure provides a new possibility for the use of ionic liquids for plastic chemical recycling from the viewpoint of development of an energy-saving methodology. Use of solubility switchable ionic liquids is also examined to explore a possibility for better separation although depolymerization did not work well.

关键词： Chemical recycling Polyamides Chemical conversion Ionic liquids

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