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Within-host models unravelling the dynamics of dengue reinfections

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第2期9卷 458-473页

作者： Vizda Anam Bruno V.Guerrero akhil kumar srivastav Nico stollenwerk Maíra Aguiar Basque Center for Applied Mathematics Basque CountrySpain Department of Mathematics and statistics University of Basque CountryBasque CountrySpain Ikerbasque Basque Foundation for ScienceBasque CountrySpain

Caused by four serotypes,dengue fever is a major public health concern *** modeling efforts have mostly focused on primary and heterologous secondary infections,assuming that lifelong immunity prevents reinfections by the same ***,recent findings challenge this assumption,prompting a reevaluation of dengue immunity *** this study,we develop a within-host modeling framework to explore different scenarios of dengue *** previous studies,we go beyond a deterministic framework,considering individual immunological *** deterministic and stochastic models are calibrated using empirical data on viral load and antibody(IgM and IgG)concentrations for all dengue serotypes,incorporating confidence intervals derived from stochastic *** good agreement between the mean of the stochastic realizations and the mean field solution for each model,our approach not only successfully captures primary and heterologous secondary infection dynamics facilitated by antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE)but also provides,for the first time,insights into homotypic reinfection *** study discusses the relevance of homotypic reinfections in dengue transmission at the population level,highlighting potential implications for disease prevention and control strategies.

关键词： infections immunity prevention

Dysfunction of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)increases the risk of obesity

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 2298-2311页

作者： Heba ZabriTorsten schöneberg AndréNguyen Dietzsch Hadi Al-Hasani Joachim Altschmied Katharina Bottermann Jana Brendler Judith Haendeler susanne Horn Isabell Kaczmarek Antje Körner Kerstin Krause Kathrin Landgraf Diana Le Duc Laura Lehmann stefan Lehr stephanie Pick Albert Ricken Rene schnorr Angela schulz Martina strnadová akhil Velluva Heba Zabri Torsten schöneberg Doreen Thor simone Prömel Rudolf schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry Medical FacultyGerman Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany German Center for Diabetes Research(DZD e.V.) Munich-NeuherbergGermany Cardiovascular Degeneration Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory DiagnosticsMedical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Cardiovascular Research Institute(CARID) Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Pharmacology Medical FacultyUniversity Hospital and Heinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Institute of Anatomy Medical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Center for Pediatric Research Hospital for Children and AdolescentsMedical FacultyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic Obesity and Vascular Research(HI-MAG)of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital LeipzigLeipzigGermany Department of Endocrinology NephrologyRheumatologyLeipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Human Genetics Leipzig University Medical CenterLeipzigGermany Institute of Cell Biology Department of BiologyHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany school of Medicine University of Global Health EquityKigaliRwanda

Obesity is one of the diseases with severe health consequences and rapidly increasing worldwide *** the complex network of food intake and energy balance regulation is an essential prerequisite for pharmacological intervention with obesity.G protein-coupled receptors(GPCRs)are among the main modulators of metabolism and energy ***,for instance,regulate appetite and satiety in certain hypothalamic neurons,as well as glucose and lipid metabolism and hormone secretion from *** in some GPCRs,such as the melanocortin receptor type 4(MC4R),have been associated with early-onset ***,we identified the adhesion GPCR latrophilin 1(ADGRL1/LPHN1)as a member of the regulating network governing food intake and the maintenance of energy *** of the highly conserved receptor in mice results in increased food consumption and severe obesity,accompanied by dysregulation of glucose ***,we identified a partially inactivating mutation in human ADGRL1/LPHN1 in a patient suffering from ***,we propose that LPHN1 dysfunction is a risk factor for obesity development.

关键词： obesity metabolism intake

A HWRF-POM-TC coupled model forecast performance over North Indian Ocean: VsCs TITLI & VsCs LUBAN

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Tropical Cyclone Research and Review 2021年第1期10卷 54-70页

作者： akhil srivastava V.s.Prasad Ananda kumar Das Arun sharma India Meteorological Department Ministry of Earth SciencesGovernment of IndiaNew-DelhiIndia National Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasting Ministry of Earth SciencesGovernment of IndiaUttar PradeshIndia

The HWRF-POM-TC coupled model is run operationally at India Meteorological Department(IMD).This study is first attempt to assess the IMD’s operational HWRF-POM-TC(Atmosphere-Ocean)coupled model forecast performance over North Indian Ocean(NIO).The two cyclonic storms one each in Arabian sea and Bay of Bengal were *** them,VsCs LUBAN formed over Arabian sea(As)and was followed by the formation of VsCs TITLI over Bay of Bengal(Bo B).It constituted a rare case whereby two VsCs have formed in the north Indian Ocean(NIO)*** HWRF-POM-TC modeling system,which was developed at National Centers for Environmental Prediction(NCEP)based on Nonhydrostatic Mesoscale Model(NMM)dynamic core,was customized for NIO *** the two storms,VsCs LUBAN&VsCs TITLI,28 and 15 consecutive 6-hourly HWRF model runs were *** HWRF-POM-TC coupled model showed great skill in forecasting of Track and Intensity for examined *** result shows that the model predicted the intensification and landfall of VsCs Luban&Titli in agreement with the best track data as made available by Cyclone Warning Division(CWD),India Meteorological Department which is also recognized as Regional specialized Meteorological Center(RsMC)by WMO for NIO.

关键词： Ocean coupled hurricane WRF POM-TC HWRF-POM-TC

Link between irritable bowel syndrome,depression,and colorectal cancer risk in young patients:Age-matched nationwide populationbased study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第3期15卷 1-8页

作者： sai Priyanka Mellacheruvu sai Prasanna Lekkala sukhjinder Chauhan Adil sarvar Mohammed sravya R Mundla Ankita shenoy Bilal Khan Mohammed Jerrin Bawa shantha Nallapothula Priyatham Gurram akhil Jain Rupak Desai Mohammed Mustafa Nayeem Department of Public Health University of MassachusettsLowellMA 01854United States Department of Internal Medicine Mamata Medical CollegeTelanganaKhammam 507002India Department of Internal Medicine Mountainview HospitalLas VegasNV 89128United States Department of Internal Medicine Central Michigan University College of MedicineSaginawMI 48602United States Department of Public Health Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchTelanganaHyderabad 500090India Department of Medicine Dr D.Y.Patil University School of MedicineMaharashtraNavi Mumbai 400706India Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Internal Medicine Flushing Hospital Medical CenterQueensNY 11355United States Department of Internal Medicine PES Institute of Medical Sciences and ResearchAndhra PradeshKuppam 517425India Department of Gastroenterology Mayo ClinicScottsdaleAZ 85259United States Division of Leukemia The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77079United States Independent Researcher AtlantaGA 30079United States Department of Internal Medicine Parkview Medical CenterPuebloCO 81003United States

BACKGROUND There exists a link between irritable bowel syndrome(IBs)and ***,chronic depression is known to increase the risk of cancer in *** this population-based analysis,we investigated the prevalence and the odds of colorectal cancer(CRC)in young-depressed patients with *** To investigate the relationship between IBs and CRC in young,depressed patients using a nationally representative United states inpatient *** The 2019 National Inpatient sample was used to identify young(18-44 years)patients admitted with comorbid depression in the presence vs absence of IBs using relevant International Classification of Diseases,Tenth Revision,Clinical Modification *** endpoint was the prevalence and odds of CRC in age matched(1:1)youngdepressed cohort hospitalized with IBs(IBs+)vs without IBs(IBs-).Multivariable regression analysis was performed adjusting for potential *** Age-matched(1:1)young-depressed IBs+(83.9%females,median age 36 years)and IBs-(65.8%females,median age 36 years)cohorts consisted of 14370 patients in each ***+cohort had higher rates of hypertension,uncomplicated diabetes,hyperlipidemia,obesity,peripheral vascular disease,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,hypothyroidism,prior stroke,prior venous thromboembolism,anxiety,bipolar disorder,and borderline personality disorder(Ps the ***,prior myocardial infarction,acquired immunodeficiency syndrome,dementia,smoking,alcohol abuse,and drug abuse(Ps comparable in both cohorts[IBs+n=25(0.17%)vs IBs-n=35(0.24%)].Compared to the IBs-cohort,the odds ratio(OR)of developing CRC was not significantly higher[OR 0.71,95% confidence interval(CI)0.23-2.25]in IBs+***,adjusting for baseline sociodemographic and hospital characteristics and relevant comorbidities,the OR was found to be non-significant(OR 0.89,95%CI 0.21-3.83).CONCLUsION This nationwide propensity-matched ana

关键词： Colorectal cancer Depression Irritable bowel syndrome Young patients National inpatient sample Comorbidities

A new design of 3D-printed orthopedic bone plates with auxeticstructures to mitigate stress shielding and improve intra-operative bending

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2020年第2期3卷 98-108页

作者： sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman akhil Gopinath Wen F.Lu Division of Engineering New York University Abu DhabiAbu DhabiUAE Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityBrooklynNYUSA Department of Mechanical Engineering National University of Singapore(NUS)SingaporeSingapore

Orthopedic bone plates are most commonly used for bone fracture fixation for more than 100 *** bone plate design had evolved over time overcoming many challenges such as insufficient strength and excessive plate–bone contact affecting the blood ***,it is only made of two materials,either stainless steel(AIsI 316L)or titanium(Ti–6Al–4V).There are two main limitations of metallic bone implants,namely stress shielding and the problem of malocclusion caused by the displacement of the fracture site during *** overcome the two problems,a new bone plate design with the incorporation of auxetic structures is proposed in this *** study aims to use auxetic structure section in the bone plate that would decrease the stiffness of the region,thereby mitigating the stress-shielding effect and at the same time act as a deformable section to enable intra-operative bending for effective alignment while having enough bending strength and *** different auxetic structures namely re-entrant honeycomb and missing rib structures were *** auxetic structure incorporated bone plates were designed,finite element analysis was done,fabricated using direct metal laser sintering technique,and *** results indicate that the re-entrant honeycomb structure incorporated bone plates serve as an effective bone design compared to the conventional bone plate design,in terms of stress shielding and intra-operative bending while offering similar mechanical and bending strength.

关键词： Bone plates Negative Poisson's ratio structures 3D printing Additive manufacturing stress shielding

A Fast Charging–Cooling Coupled scheduling Method for a Liquid Cooling-Based Thermal Management system for Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Engineering 2021年第8期7卷 1165-1176页

作者： siqi Chen Nengsheng Bao akhil Garg Xiongbin Peng Liang Gao state Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology School of Mechanical Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education Shantou UniversityShantou 515063China

Efficient fast-charging technology is necessary for the extension of the driving range of electric ***,lithium-ion cells generate immense heat at high-current charging *** order to address this problem,an efficient fast charging–cooling scheduling method is urgently *** this study,a liquid cooling-based thermal management system equipped with mini-channels was designed for the fastcharging process of a lithium-ion battery module.A neural network-based regression model was proposed based on 81 sets of experimental data,which consisted of three sub-models and considered three outputs:maximum temperature,temperature standard deviation,and energy *** sub-model had a desirable testing accuracy(99.353%,97.332%,and 98.381%)after *** regression model was employed to predict all three outputs among a full dataset,which combined different charging current rates(0.5C,1C,1.5C,2C,and 2.5C(1C=5 A))at three different charging stages,and a range of coolant rates(0.0006,0.0012,and 0.0018 kg·s^(-1)).An optimal charging–cooling schedule was selected from the predicted dataset and was validated by the *** results indicated that the battery module’s state of charge value increased by 0.5 after 15 min,with an energy consumption lower than 0.02 *** maximum temperature and temperature standard deviation could be controlled within 33.35 and 0.8C,*** approach described herein can be used by the electric vehicles industry in real fast-charging ***,optimal fast charging-cooling schedule can be predicted based on the experimental data obtained,that in turn,can significantly improve the efficiency of the charging process design as well as control energy consumption during cooling.

关键词： Lithium-ion battery module Fast-charging Neural network regression scheduling state of charge Energy consumption

Review of materials used in laser-aided additive manufacturing processes to produce metallic products

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Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2019年第3期14卷 282-298页

作者： Xiaodong NIU surinder sINGH akhil GARG Harpreet sINGH Biranchi PANDA Xiongbin PENG Qiujuan ZHANG Intelligent Manufacturing Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education Shantou University Shantou 515063 China shantou Ruixiang Mould Co. Ltd. Jinping S&T Park Shantou 515064 China Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Rupnagar 140001 India IDMEC Institute Superior Tecnico Universidade de Lisboa 1649-004 Lisboa Portugal

Rapid prototyping (RP) or layered manufacturing (LM) technologies have been extensively used to manufacture prototypes composed mainly of plastics, polymers, paper, and wax due to the short product development time and low costs of these technologies. However, such technologies, with the exception of selective laser melting and sintering, are not used to fabricate metallic products because of the resulting poor life, short cycle, poor surface finish, and low structural integrity of the fabricated parts. The properties endowed by these parts do not match those of functional parts. Therefore, extensive research has been conducted to develop new additive manufacturing (AM) technologies by extending existing RP technologies. several AM technologies have been developed for the fabrication of metallic objects. These technologies utilize materials, such as Ni-, A1-, and Ti-based alloys and stainless steel powders, to fabricate high-quality functional components. The present work reviews the type of materials used in laserbased AM processes for the manufacture of metallic products. The advantages and disadvantages of processes and different materials are summarized, and future research directions are discussed in the final section. This review can help experts select the ideal type of process or technology for the manufacturing of elements composed of a given alloy or material (Ni, Ti, Al, Pb, and stainless steel).

关键词： direct metal deposition laser-based manufacturing rapid manufacturing selective laser meltiiTg additive manufacturing

Addressing materials’microstructure diversity using transfer learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 223-235页

作者： Aurèle Goetz Ali Riza Durmaz Martin Müller akhil Thomas Dominik Britz Pierre Kerfriden Chris Eberl Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials IWM 79108FreiburgGermany Mines ParisTech PsL University Centre des Matériaux91000EvryFrance University of Freiburg 79110FreiburgGermany Department of Materials science Saarland UniversitySaarbrücken66123Germany Material Engineering Center saarland 66123SaarbrückenGermany Cardiff University School of EngineeringCardiffUK

Materials’microstructures are signatures of their alloying composition and processing ***,quantitative analyses of microstructural constituents were lately accomplished through deep learning ***,their shortcomings are poor data efficiency and domain generalizability across data sets,inherently conflicting the expenses associated with annotating data through experts,and extensive materials *** tackle both,we propose to apply a sub-class of transfer learning methods called unsupervised domain adaptation(UDA).UDA addresses the task of finding domain-invariant features when supplied with annotated source data and unannotated target data,such that performance on the latter is ***,this study is conducted on a lath-shaped bainite segmentation task in complex phase steel *** to bridge are selected to be different metallographic specimen preparations and distinct imaging *** show that a state-of-the-art UDA approach substantially fosters the transfer between the investigated domains,underlining this technique’s potential to cope with materials variance.

关键词： microstructure alloying bainite

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of cerium oxide nanoparticles in respiratory syncytial virus infection

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第6期24卷 124-135页

作者： akhil Patel Jessica Kosanovich sameera sansare sricharani Balmuri Vinayak sant Kerry M.Empey shilpa sant Department of Pharmaceutical sciences School of PharmacyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA Center for Clinical Pharmaceutical sciences Department of Pharmacy and TherapeuticsSchool of PharmacyClinical and Translational Science InstituteDepartment of ImmunologySchool of MedicineUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA Department of Bioengineering Swanson School of EngineeringMcGowan Institute for Regenerative MedicineUPMC Hillman Cancer CenterUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA15261USA

Respiratory syncytial virus(RsV)is the most common cause of viral bronchiolitis among children worldwide,yet there is no vaccine for RsV *** study investigates the potential of cube and sphere-shaped cerium oxide nanoparticles(CNP)to modulate reactive oxygen(ROs)and nitrogen(RNs)species and immune cell phenotypes in the presence of RsV infection in vitro and in *** and sphere-shaped CNP were synthesized by hydrothermal and ultrasonication methods,***-chemical characterization confirmed the shape of sphere and cube CNP and effect of various parameters on their particle size distribution and zeta *** vitro results revealed that sphere and cube CNP differentially modulated ROs and RNs levels in J774 ***,cube CNP significantly reduced RsV-induced ROs levels without affecting RNs levels while sphere CNP increased RsV-induced RNs levels with minimal effect on ROs *** CNP drove an M1 phenotype in RsV-infected macrophages in vitro by increasing macrophage surface expression of CD80 and CD86 with a concomitant increase in TNFαand IL-12p70,while simultaneously decreasing M2 CD206 *** administration of sphere and cube-CNP were well-tolerated with no observed toxicity in BALB/c ***,cube CNP preferentially accumulated in murine alveolar macrophages and induced their activation,avoiding enhanced uptake and activation of other inflammatory cells such as neutrophils,which are associated with RsV-mediated *** conclusion,we report that sphere and cube CNP modulate macrophage polarization and innate cellular responses during RsV infection.

关键词： Cerium oxide nanoparticles Reactive oxygen species Respiratory syncytial virus Macrophage phenotypes Immunomodulation Nanoparticle shape Bioactive nanoparticles