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DEM simulation of polydisperse systems of particles in a fluidized bed

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Particuology 2009年第1期7卷 9-18页

作者： Nobuyuki Tagami ajit Mujumdar Masayuki Horio Bio Applications and Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture & TechnologyNaka-choKoganei-shiTokyo 184-8588Japan

Numerical simulations based on three-dimensional discrete element model （DEM） are conducted for mono-disperse, binary and ternary systems of particles in a fluidized bed. Fluid drag force acting on each particle depending on its size and relative velocity is assigned. The drag coefficient corresponding to Ergun＇s correlation is applied to the system of fluidized bed with particle size ratios of 1：1 for the mono-disperse system, 1：1.2, 1：1.4 and 1：2 for the binary system and 1：1.33：2 for the ternary system by keeping total volume and surface area of the particles constant. Results indicated that a reasonable estimation of drag force based on individual particle diameters as compared to that of the mean diameter of the particles is achieved in the fluid cells. The total translational kinetic energy of the particles is found to increase as the particle size ratio increases, suggesting an enhanced momentum transfer in polydisperse particle systems. Systems with wide particle size distribution exhibited higher particle velocities around bubbles, resulting in faster bubble growth and its subsequent rise through the fluidized bed.

关键词： Discrete element method Fluid drag force Fluidized bed Particle size distribution

Examining the policy-practice gap-The issue of crop burning induced Particulate Matter pollution in Northwest India

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2020年第1期6卷 282-297,281页

作者： Leena ajit Kaushal Economics Management Development Institute GurgaonGurugramIndia

The study examine the efficacy of government policy interventions initiated since 2014 to curb FCRB in NW Indian states and the related air pollution in Delhi-NCR during *** regression analysis suggests an increase in PM2.5 of~69μg/m3/1000 surge in *** retrieved data suggest an overall declining trend of~1606 and~4308 fire counts per year across NW states during October-November *** monthly PM2.5 concentrations in New Delhi exhibits a decline of~2.18μg/m3 and~5.17μg/m3 per year over the same *** an overall increase of~17.6%rice productivity,a noted decrease in fire activity over the period is an encouraging move,likely a result of some control imposed by authorities on *** to a significant~35.5%rise in wheat productivity,data records rising trend in wheat residue burning activities in April(~1298/year)and May(~2402/year)but do not trigger extreme pollution due to difference in intensity of fires across harvesting seasons and relatively weak northwesterly wind ***,the overall high PM2.5 levels in October-November and April-May compared to NAAQS 24-hour average of 60μg/m3,disproves the overall efficacy of government policies to curb FCRB and related air pollution in IGP region.

关键词： Field crop residue burning(FCRB) emissions particulate matter mitigation India government interventions

Effect of Polymer Inclusion in Preparation of Thick LZO Buffer Layers for YBCO Coated Conductors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第3期29卷 261-266页

作者： Vyshnavi narayanan Isabel Van Driessche Sol-gel Centre for Research on Inorganic Powders and Thin film Synthesis-SCRiPTS Department of Inorganic and Physical ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281-S3B-9000 GentBelgium

In this work, water-based precursor solutions suitable for dip-coating of thick La2Zr2O7 （LZO） buffer layers for coated conductors on Ni-5%W substrates with an inclusion of polymeric polyvinyl pyrrolidone were developed. The effect of varying percentage of the polymer addition on the preparation of the deposited films with maximum crack-free thickness was investigated. This novel water-based chemical solution deposition method involving polymers in two different chelate-chemistry compositions revealed the possibility to grow single, crack-free layers with thicknesses ranging from 140 to 280 nm, with good crystallinity and epitaxial growth. The effect of increasing polymer concentrations on the morphology and the structure of the films was studied. The appropriate buffer layer action of the films in preventing Ni diffusion was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

关键词： Buffer layers Thick lanthanum zirconate films Chemical solution deposition Polyvinyl pyrrolidone Water-based precursor design Coated conductors

Development of Mg based biomaterial with improved mechanical and degradation properties using powder metallurgy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2020年第3期8卷 883-898页

作者： ajit Kumar Pulak M.Pandey Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of TechnologyDelhi110016India

In the present work,biocompatible materials such as niobium(Nb),zinc(Zn)and calcium(Ca)have been blended with magnesium(Mg)to develop a novel biomaterial(BM)with improved mechanical and corrosion resistant *** metallurgy(PM)technique was used to fabricate Mg based *** powder of all aforementioned materials were mixed homogenously in specific quantities to create a uniform composite *** order to analyse the influence of process parameters on the mechanical properties of the fabricated part,experiments were performed considering central composite design(CCD).The effect of powder metallurgical parameters namely percentage Nb,compaction pressure,heating rate,sintering temperature and soaking time on the ultimate compressive strength(UCS)and sintered density was studied in the present *** was found that the UCS and sintered density increased with increase in compaction pressure,heating rate and sintering *** results also revealed that the increase in soaking time and percentage Nb,increased sintered density and UCS to a certain *** increase in these two parameters,sintered density and UCS *** electron microscopy(SEM)images of the fabricated samples showed reduction in porosity with the increase in heating ***,X-ray diffraction(XRD)results revealed that no other phase or impurities were found during sintering of Mg based *** optimum process parameters were obtained to develop Mg based BM for maximum UCS and sintered ***,the Mg based BM samples fabricated at optimum process parameters were used for corrosion testing in simulated body fluid(SBF)solution at a temperature of 37±0.5℃.The Mg based BM yielded improved mechanical properties with reduced corrosion rates as compared to pure Mg.

关键词： Biomaterials Powder metallurgy Magnesium Corrosion Metal matrix composite

An active RUNX1-ID1/ID3 axis governs differentiation and chemoresistance of cancer stem cell population in epithelial ovarian cancer cells

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BIOCELL 2022年第1期46卷 75-86页

作者： ajit CDHADVE PRITHA RAY Imaging Cell Signaling&Therapeutics Laboratory Advanced Centre for TreatmentResearch and Education in CancerTata Memorial CentreNavi Mumbai410210India Homi Bhabha National Institute Mumbai400094India

Progression,relapse,and therapy resistance are the most challenging features of cancer therapy that have been postulated to be driven by Cancer Stem Cell(CSC)*** enigmatic subpopulation of cancer cells has therefore emerged as promising therapeutic *** earlier reported enrichment of CSC-like side population(SP)with increasing resistance towards Cisplatin and Paclitaxel either alone or in combination in epithelial ovarian cancer(EOC)*** SP population is a small proportion of the total population of cancer cells characterised with high expression of drug transporters,a unique feature of stem cells and thereby can be isolated through their efflux properties of DNA binding *** the bulk non-SP(NSP)population of the cancer cells lack overexpression of the drug transporters and thus can be identified as the dye containing *** this study,we show that increased expression of Runt related transcription factor 1(RUNX1)maintains undifferentiated state of CSC-like SP cells through upregulation of inhibitors of DNA binding/differentiation genes(ID1 and ID3)in late cisplatinpaclitaxel resistant *** RUNX1 expression was found to correlate with decreased median overall survival and disease-free survival in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)data set of high grade serous ovarian cancer(HGSOC)*** protein-protein interaction network analysis of 397 upregulated genes in RUNX1-high samples of TCGA data show significant enrichment of pathways known to negatively regulate CSC *** RUNX1 inhibition not only induces CSC differentiation but also downregulates anti-apoptotic protein BCL2 in both SP and NSP cells and potentiates cytotoxic effects of Cisplatin-Paclitaxel in chemoresistant EOC *** of BCL2 through Venetoclax treatment,a small molecule BH3 mimic,sensitized these cells to platinum taxol ***,our data reveal new regulatory roles by RUNX1 to modulate CSC differentiation via ID

关键词： Cancer stem cells Differentiation RUNX1 ID1 ID2 BCL2 Chemoresistance Ovarian cancer

Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Data Hiding for High Security Secret Image Sharing

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2022年第12期43卷 931-946页

作者： S.Lakshmi narayanan Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Ramakrishna Engineering CollegeCoimbatore641022Tamil NaduIndia

The main aim of this work is to improve the security of data hiding forsecret image sharing. The privacy and security of digital information have becomea primary concern nowadays due to the enormous usage of digital *** security and the privacy of users’ images are ensured through reversible datahiding techniques. The efficiency of the existing data hiding techniques did notprovide optimum performance with multiple end nodes. These issues are solvedby using Separable Data Hiding and Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization(SDHAPSO) algorithm to attain optimal performance. Image encryption, dataembedding, data extraction/image recovery are the main phases of the proposedapproach. DFT is generally used to extract the transform coefficient matrix fromthe original image. DFT coefficients are in float format, which assists in transforming the image to integral format using the round function. After obtainingthe encrypted image by data-hider, additional data embedding is formulated intohigh-frequency coefficients. The proposed SDHAPSO is mainly utilized for performance improvement through optimal pixel location selection within the imagefor secret bits concealment. In addition, the secret data embedding capacityenhancement is focused on image visual quality maintenance. Hence, it isobserved from the simulation results that the proposed SDHAPSO techniqueoffers high-level security outcomes with respect to higher PSNR, security level,lesser MSE and higher correlation than existing techniques. Hence, enhancedsensitive information protection is attained, which improves the overall systemperformance.

关键词： Image sharing separable data hiding using adaptive particle swarm optimization(SDHAPSO) security access control

Appropriate Sub-band Selection in Wavelet Packet Decomposition for Automated Glaucoma Diagnoses

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2015年第4期12卷 393-401页

作者： Chandrasekaran Raja narayanan Gangatharan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Anjalai Ammal Mahalingam Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering R.M.K.College of Engineering and Technology

The most common reason for blindness among human beings is *** increase of fluid pressure damages the optic nerve which gradually leads to irreversible loss of vision.A technique for automated screening of Glaucoma from the fundal retinal images is presented in this *** paper intends to explore the significance of both the approximate and detail coefficients through wavelet packet decomposition(WPD).Decomposition is done with "db3" wavelet function and the images are decomposed up to level-3producing 84 *** features,the energy and the entropy are calculated for each sub-band producing two feature matrices(158 images × 84 features).The above step is purely a statistical measure based on *** enhance the diagnostic accuracy,the second phase considers the structural(biological) region of interest(ROI) in the image and then extracts the same *** is worthy to note that direct biological features are not extracted to eliminate the drawbacks of segmentation whereas the biologically significant region is taken as ***,the detailed coefficient sub-bands(prominent edges) show more significance in the biological-ROI *** from enhancing the diagnostic accuracy by feature reduction,the paper intends to mark the significance indices,uniqueness and discrimination capability of the significant features(sub-bands) in both the ***,the crisp inputs are fed to the classifier ***,from the significant features of the biological-ROI feature matrices,the accuracy is raised to 85%which is notable than the accuracy of 79%achieved without considering the ROI.

关键词： Glaucoma wavelet packet decomposition feature reduction feature significance artificial neural networks.

Staphylococcus aureusβ-hemolysin-neutralizing single-domain antibody isolated from phage display library of Indian desert camel

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第1期3卷 1-7页

作者： Jangra Pooja Singh ajit Immunology Section Department of Veterinary MicrobiologyCh.Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University

Objective:To isolate and characterize Staphylococcus aureus(***)β-hemolysinneutralizing dAbs from phage display library of Indian desert ***:Phage display library of 5×10 dAb clones of LPS-immunized Indian desert camel constructed in our laboratory was used for selection of *** exotoxin-specific clones by panning *** of Ag-specific clones in successive rounds of panning was assessed by phage-ELISA and phage *** dAb clones binding to *** exotoxin Ags were expressed with C-terminal 6×His tag in *** and purified by Ni-chelate *** expression was verified by SDS-PAGE and western *** purified clones were tested for inhibition of ’hot-cold’ hemolytic activity in *** to thermal inactivation of the dAb clones was studied by observing the effect of heat treatment from 50℃to 99℃for 30 min on the ’hot-cold’ hemolytic activity in ***:Several dAb clones binding to *** exotoxins were isolated and enriched by three rounds of *** soluble dAb clones were approximately～16 kDa in size and reacted with 6×His tag specific murine monoclonal antibody in western *** of the Ni-chelate affinity purified dAb.6×His clones,inhibited ***β-hemolysin activity in vitro and resisted thermal inactivation upto ***:An ***β-hemolysinneutralizing dAb clone of possible therapeutic potential has been isolated.

关键词： Staphylococcus aureus β-hemolysin neutralization Single domain antibodies Phage display library Indian desert camel

Convolution-Based Heterogeneous Activation Facility for Effective Machine Learning of ECG Signals

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第10期77卷 25-45页

作者： Premanand.S Sathiya narayanan School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai600127Indi

Machine Learning(ML)and Deep Learning(DL)technologies are revolutionizing the medical domain,especially with Electrocardiogram(ECG),by providing new tools and techniques for diagnosing,treating,and preventing ***,DL architectures are computationally more *** recent years,researchers have focused on combining the computationally less intensive portion of the DL architectures with ML approaches,say for example,combining the convolutional layer blocks of Convolution Neural Networks(CNNs)into ML algorithms such as Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)and K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN)resulting in CNN-XGBoost and CNN-KNN,***,these approaches are homogenous in the sense that they use a fixed Activation Function(AFs)in the sequence of convolution and pooling layers,thereby limiting the ability to capture unique *** various AFs are readily available and each could capture unique features,we propose a Convolutionbased Heterogeneous Activation Facility(CHAF)which uses multiple AFs in the convolution layer blocks,one for each block,with a motivation of extracting features in a better manner to improve the *** proposed CHAF approach is validated on PTB and shown to outperform the homogeneous approaches such as CNN-KNN and *** PTB dataset,proposed CHAF-KNN has an accuracy of 99.55%and an F1 score of 99.68%in just 0.008 s,outperforming the state-of-the-art CNN-XGBoost which has an accuracy of 99.38%and an F1 score of 99.32%in 1.23 *** validate the generality of the proposed CHAF,experiments were repeated on MIT-BIH dataset,and the proposed CHAF-KNN is shown to outperform CNN-KNN and CNN-XGBoost.

关键词： Electrocardiogram convolution neural network machine learning activation function