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Hepatoprotective effect of leaves of Erythroxylum monogynum *** paracetamol induced toxicity

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第11期3卷 877-881页

作者： Sabeena Hussain Syed ajay Gajanan Namdeo Department of Pharmacognosy Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed UniversityPoona College of Pharmacy

Objective:To investigate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of leaves of Erythroxylum monogynum(***)on paracetamol induced ***:Methanolic extract of leaves of *** was given in doses of 100 mg/kg,200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for 7 d and toxicity was induced by paracetamol(2 mg/kg)on Day ***(50 mg/kg)was used as reference *** 24 h of toxicity induction blood samples were collected from retro-orbital plexsus and analyzed for serum parameters like serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase,serum glutamic oxaloacetate transaminse,alkaline phosphatase and total *** isolated were studied for histopathological ***:Phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract of *** leaves showed the presence of carbohydrates,flavonoids,phenols and *** administration of this extract restored the elevated levels serum markers as compared to toxic group which is also confirmed by the histopathological changes ***:The present study showed that methanolic extract of leaves of *** possess hepatoprotective action against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity.

关键词： Erythroxylum monogynum Hepatoprotection Paracetamol Silymarin

Palliative surgical bypass for unresectable periampullary carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2008年第3期7卷 308-312页

作者： Shivendra Singh ajay Kumar Sachdev Adarsh Chaudhary Anil Kumar Agarwal Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Govind Ballabh Pant Hospital&Maulana Azad Medical CollegeNew Delhi 110002India

BACKGROUND:Around 60%to 80%of patients with periampullary carcinoma are unresectable either due to distant metastasis or local vascular *** the advancement of endoscopic interventional procedures,the role of surgical bypass has ***,surgical bypass is still appropriate in patients with unresectable disease discovered at the time of *** study was conducted to assess the results of palliative surgical bypass for patients with unresectable periampullary carcinoma at our hospital,a tertiary referral center of Northern India. METHOD:The study group comprised 204 patients who had undergone surgical bypass for advanced periampullary carcinoma over the last 15 years. RESULTS:Between January 1990 and December 2004,204 patients(128 males,76 females)consisting of 179 patients with carcinoma of head of the pancreas,14 patients with ampullary carcinoma,8 patients with lower end cholangiocarcinoma and 3 patients with duodenal carcinoma underwent surgical *** average age was 51 years (range 20-78 years).Both biliary and gastric bypasses were done in 158(77.45%),biliary bypass alone in 37(18.13%) and gastric bypass alone in 9(4.32%).Biliary bypass was done by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy,and gastric bypass by retrocolic *** overall postoperative mortality and morbidity were 0.98%and 26.9%,respectively The patients who died had undergone previously endoscopic *** included wound infection in 12.25%of the patients,bile leak in 5.12%,delayed gastric emptying in 5.38%,ascitic leak from drains in 8.8%,and upper gastrointestinal bleeding in 1.96%.The incidences of wound infection and bile leak both were significantly higher in patients who had had preoperative biliary stenting None of the patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y hepati cojejunostomy+retrocolic gastrojejunostomy required any intervention later in their ***:Surgical bypass is a safe procedure with negligible mortality and minimal mo

关键词： surgical bypass periampullary carcinoma

Plant Cell Wall Matrix Polysaccharide Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 840-850页

作者： ajay Pal S. Sandhu Gursharn S. Randhawa Kanwarpal S. Dhugga Crop Genetics Research and Development Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc. A DuPont Company 7300 NW 62nd Avenue Johnston IA 50131 USA Department of Biotechnology Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee-247667 Uttarakhand'India

The wall of an expanding plant cell consists primarily of cellulose microfibrils embedded in a matrix of hemicellulosic and pectic polysaccharides along with small amounts of structural and enzymatic proteins. Matrix polysaccharides are synthesized in the Golgi and exported to the cell wall by exocytosis, where they intercalate among cellulose microfibrils, which are made at the plasma membrane and directly deposited into the cell wall. Involvement of Golgi glucan synthesis in auxin-induced cell expansion has long been recognized; however, only recently have the genes corresponding to glucan synthases been identified. Biochemical purification was unsuccessful because of the labile nature and very low abundance of these enzymes. Mutational genetics also proved fruitless. Expression of candidate genes identified through gene expression profiling or comparative genomics in heterologous systems followed by functional characterization has been relatively successful. Several genes from the cellulose synthase-like （Csl） family have been found to be involved in the synthesis of various hemicellulosic glycans. The usefulness of this approach, however, is limited to those enzymes that probably do not form complexes consisting of unrelated proteins. Nonconventional approaches will continue to incrementally unravel the mechanisms of Golgi polysaccharide biosynthesis.

关键词： Biofuels cell wall Csl Golgi hemicellulose membrane biochemistry.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as a possible intervention to delay the onset of type 1 diabetes:A new horizon

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 133-136页

作者： Mahmoud Nassar ajay Chaudhuri Husam Ghanim Paresh Dandona Department of Internal Medicine Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes and MetabolismJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14221United States

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and *** management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose ***,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta *** research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of ***-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 *** exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric *** evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with *** article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of *** article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Semaglutide Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Insulin therapy Autoimmune response Blood glucose monitoring Β-cell preservation Early screening Teplizumab Randomized controlled trials

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease development:A multifactorial pathogenic phenomena

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Liver Research 2022年第2期6卷 72-83页

作者： Aamir Bashir ajay Duseja Arka De Manu Mehta Pramil Tiwari Department of Pharmacy Practice National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchS.A.S.NagarMohaliPunjabIndia Department of Hepatology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarhIndia

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),characterized by the accumulation of excessive intrahepatic fat,is a leading metabolic disorder also considered as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome(MS).Though more commonly observed in obese individuals and those with metabolic risk factors,it also develops in a considerable number of non-obese individuals as well as participants without having any component of *** basic mechanism involved in the development of fatty liver is the imbalance between lipid uptake,synthesis,and metabolism in the liver,normally controlled by several mechanisms to maintain lipid *** a complex progressive liver disorder,the NAFLD pathogenesis is multifactorial,and several new pathogenic phenomena were discovered over *** available literature suggests the role of both genetic and environmental factors and associated metabolic factors;however,the mechanism of progression is not completely *** this review,we discuss different pathogenic mechanisms and their interplay to provide an elaborate idea regarding NAFLD development and *** understanding of pathogenic mechanisms will be useful in finding new treatment for patients with NAFLD.

关键词： Metabolic syndrome(MS) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) Fatty liver Steatohepatitis Insulin resistance(IR) Lysosomal acid lipase(LAL)

Terminalia arjuna:A novel natural preservative for improved lipid oxidative stability and storage quality of muscle foods

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2017年第4期6卷 167-175页

作者： Insha Kousar Kalem Z.F.Bhat Sunil Kumar ajay Desai College of Veterinary Pharmacy Abhilashi UniversityChail Chowk MandiHimachal Pradesh 175045India Department of Wine Food and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of Agriculture and Life SciencesLincoln UniversityLincolnChristchurch 7647New Zealand Division of Livestock Products Technology Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal HusbandrySher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of JammuR.S.PuraJammuJammu and Kashmir 181102India

The study was conducted to explore the possibility of utilization of Terminalia arjuna as a novel natural preservative in meat products by using chevon sausages as a model *** sausages were prepared by incorporating different levels of *** viz.T1(0.25%),T2(0.50%)and T3(0.75%)and were assessed for various lipid oxidative stability and storage quality parameters under refrigerated(4±1◦C)*** showed a significant(p<0.05)effect on the lipid oxidative stability as the treated products exhibited significantly(p<0.05)lower TBARS(mg malonaldehyde/kg)values in comparison to control.A significant(p<0.05)effect was also observed on the microbial stability as *** incorporated products showed significantly(p<0.05)lower values for total plate count(log cfu/g),psychrophilic count(log cfu/g),yeast and mould count(log cfu/g)and FFA(%oleic acid)***(p<0.05)higher scores were observed for various sensory parameters of the products incorporated with *** during refrigerated *** successfully improved the lipid oxidative stability and storage quality of the model meat product and may be commercially exploited as a novel preservative in muscle foods.

关键词： Terminalia arjuna Chevon sausages Natural preservative Lipid oxidation Storage quality

Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment is better than the Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of Liver criteria for defining acute-on-chronic liver failure and predicting outcome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第40期20卷 14934-14941页

作者： Radha K Dhiman Swastik Agrawal Tarana Gupta ajay Duseja Yogesh Chawla Department of Hepatology Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh 160012 India

AIM: To compare the utility of the Chronic Liver Failure-Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (CLIF-SOFA) and Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of Liver (APASL) definitions of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF)... 详细信息

关键词： Cirrhosis Acute decompensation Mortality Prognosis Acute on chronic liver failure

Reflectivity and thickness analysis of epiretinal membranes using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第1期9卷 93-98页

作者： ajay E.Kuriyan Delia Cabrera DeBuc William E.Smiddy Department of Ophthalmology Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteMiller School of Medicine University of Miami

AIM：To compare thickness and reflectivity spectral domain optical coherence tomography（SD-OCT）findings in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membranes（ERMs）,before and after ERM peeling surgery,with normal controls.·METHODS：A retrospective study analyzing SD-OCTs of eyes with ERMs undergoing ERM peeling surgery by one surgeon from 2008 to 2010 and normal control ***-OCTs were analyzed using a customized algorithm to measure reflectivity and *** relationship between the SD-OCT findings and best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）outcomes was also studied.·RESULTS：Thirty-four ERM eyes and 12 normal eyes were *** eyes had high reflectivity and thickness of the group of layers from the internal limiting membrane（ILM）to the retinal pigment epithelium（RPE）and the group of layers from the ILM to the external limiting membrane（ELM）.The values of reflectivity of these two groups of layers decreased postoperatively,but were still higher than normal *** contrast,preoperative eyes had lower reflectivity of two10×15 pixel regions of interest（ROIs）incorporating：1）ELM＋outer nuclear layer（ONL）and 2）photoreceptor layer（PRL）＋RPE,compared to *** values of reflectivity of these ROIs increased postoperatively,but were still lower than normal controls.A larger improvement in BCVA postoperatively was correlated with a greater degree of abnormal preoperative reflectivity and thickness findings.·C ONCLUSION：Quantitative differences in reflectivity and thickness between preoperative,postoperative,and normal SD-OCTs allow assessment of changes in the retina secondary to *** study identified hyperreflective inner retina changes and hyporeflective outer retina changes in patients with ***-OCT quantitative measures of reflectivity and/or thickness of specific groups of retinal layers and/or ROIs correlate with improvement in BCVA.

关键词： epiretinal membranes optical coherencetomography reflectivity retina imaging vitrectomy

Experimental design for optimization of 4-nitrophenol reduction by green synthesized CeO2/g-C3N4/Ag catalyst using response surface methodology

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第11期38卷 1171-1177,I0001页

作者： Dephan Pinheiro K.R.Sunaja Devi ajay Jose Kashinathan Karthik Sankaran Sugunan Mothi Krishna Mohan Department of Chemistry CHRIST(Deemed to Be University)BangaloreKarnataka560029India Department of Applied Chemistry Cochin University of Science and TechnologyCochinKerala682022India Department of Science and Humanities Faculty of EngineeringCHRIST(Deemed to Be University)BangaloreKarnataka560074India

In this study,the enhancement of catalytic activity of ceria when modified with co-catalysts such as graphitic carbon nitride and silver was establishe *** material was synthe sized using phytogenic combustion method,a green alternative to the traditional preparative *** catalyst was characterized using XRD,FTIR,SEM,EDX,XPS and TEM *** synergistic effect of the composite CeO2/g-C3 N4/Ag was tested for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol in the prese nce of sodium *** reaction was carried out at room tempe rature without any light source or exte rnal *** individual and combined effects of four parameters,viz.,concentration of 4-NP,amount of catalyst,amount of NaBH4 and time for the reduction of reduction 4-NP were investigated using Box-Behnken design of response surface methodology(RSM).This statistical model was used to optimize the reaction conditions for maximum reduction of *** optimum conditions for the reduction reaction are found to be 0.01 mmol/L 4-NP,15 mg catalyst,20 mg NaBH4 and 13.7 min time interval.

关键词： CeO2/g-C3N4/Ag 4-Nitrophenol Box-Behnken design Response surface methodology Heterogeneous catalysis Rare earths