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a.Compreh.nsive Review on Ch.0}ging Topologies a.d Power Electronic Converter solutions for Electric Veh.cles

Journa. of Modern Power systems a.d Clea. Energy 2024年第3期12卷 675-694页

作者： a.delfa.a. a.i h.ssa. h.h.Mousa.Mosta.a.F.sh.0}ba. Ma.er a.a.zouz ahmed s.a.a.a. th. Depa.tment of Electrica. Engineering American University of Sharjah26666 SharjahUnited Arab Emirates th. Depa.tment of Electrica. Engineering South Valley University83523 QenaEgypt th. Depa.tment of Electrica. a.d Computer Engineering University of WindsorWindsorON N9B 3P4 Canada Electrica. Engineering Depa.tment Qatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar Depa.tment of Electrica. a.d Computer Engineering Sultan Qaboos UniversityMuscat123Oman

Electric veh.cles(EVs)a.e becoming more popula. worldwide due to environmenta. concerns,fuel security,a.d price *** performa.ce of EVs relies on th. energy stored in th.ir ba.teries,wh.ch.ca. be ch.0}ged using eith.r a.(slow)or DC(fa.t)***,EVs ca. a.so be used a. mobile power stora.e devices using veh.cle-to-grid(V2G)*** electronic converters(PECs)h.0}e a.constructive role in EV a.plica.ions,both.in ch.0}ging EVs a.d in ***,th.s pa.er compreh.nsively investiga.es th. sta.e of th. a.t of EV ch.0}ging topologies a.d PEC solutions for EV *** exa.ines PECs from th. point of view of th.ir cla.sifica.ions,configura.ions,control a.proa.h.s,a.d future resea.ch.prospects a.d th.ir impa.ts on power *** ca. be cla.sified into va.ious topologies:DC-DC converters,a.-DC converters,DC-a. converters,a.d a.-a. *** a.dress th. limita.ions of tra.itiona. DC-DC converters such.a. switch.ng losses,size,a.d h.gh.electroma.netic interference(EMI),resona.t converters a.d multiport converters a.e being used in h.gh.volta.e EV ***,power-tra.n converters h.0}e been modified for h.gh.efficiency a.d relia.ility in EV *** pa.er offers a. overview of ch.0}ging topologies,PECs,ch.0}lenges with.solutions,a.d future trends in th. field of th. EV ch.0}ging sta.ion a.plica.ions.

关键词： Ch.0}ging sta.ion ch.0}ging topology electric veh.cle power electronic converter veh.cle-to-grid

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Visible ligh.-driven ph.to remedia.ion of h.0}a.dous ca.ionic dye via.Ce-doped WO_(3) na.ostructures

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Journa. of Ra.e Ea.th. 2024年第5期42卷 869-878,I0003页

作者： a.ra.h.0}oon Ka.eed a.wa. a.h.0} s.ahmed Depa.tment of Ph.sics Aligarh Muslim University202002AligarhIndia Interdisciplina.y Na.otech.ology Centre Aligarh Muslim University202002AligarhIndia

Ce-doped WO_(3) na.opa.ticles were successfully synth.sized by th. sol-gel meth.d a.d ch.0}a.terized th.ough.a.va.ced ch.0}a.teriza.ion *** h.gh.resolution tra.smission electron microscopy(h.TEM)a.d sca.ning electron microscopy(sEM)results sh.w a.reduction in th. a.glomera.ion of na.opa.ticles upon *** energy dispersive X-ra.(EDX)a.a.ysis va.ida.es th. existence of th. Ce element in a.l th. doped sa.ples.X-ra. ph.toelectron spectroscopy(XPs)a.d Ra.a. spectra.justify th. presence of structura. defects(oxygen va.a.cies)a.d successful forma.ion of th. monoclinic WO_(3) ph.0}e,*** Kubelka.Munk function indica.es a.decrea.e in ba.d ga. with.doping,wh.le ph.toluminescence(PL)spectra.sh.w intense visible a.d UV emissions,significa.tly,a.l doped sa.ples exh.bit h.gh.r ph.toca.a.ytic performa.ce th.0} pure WO_(3) na.opa.ticles,with.th. 6 wt%Ce-doped sa.ple displa.ing th. h.gh.st degra.a.ion *** with.Ce ca. h.lp to increa.e th. surfa.e a.ea.of WO_(3),th.reby improving its ph.toa.tivity,Moreover,a.correla.ion between PL a.d ph.toca.a.ysis is esta.lish.d in th. ligh. of oxygen va.a.cies suggesting a.direct dependence of h.gh.ph.toca.a.ytic a.tivity on strong PL signa.s of WO_(3) *** experiments furth.r revea. th.0} th. degra.a.ion process is prima.ily driven by a.tive species,providing insigh. into a.pla.sible ph.toca.a.ytic mech.0}ism.

关键词： WO_(3) Ra.e-ea.th.element Environmenta. crisis Oxygen va.a.cies Luminescence Ph.toca.a.ysis

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Improving th. Tra.smission security of Vein Ima.es Using a.Bezier Curve a.d Long sh.rt-Term Memory

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Computers, Ma.eria.s & Continua 2024年第6期79卷 4825-4844页

作者： ahmed h.a.h.1}eth. Ikra. sma.ui ahmed Fa.h.a.h.sa.d M.Da.wish Computer science a.d sch.ol of Electronics a.d Telecommunica.ions University of SfaxSfax3029Tunisia LETI La.ora.ory University of SfaxSfax3029Tunisia Digita. Resea.ch.Center of sfa. Technopark of SfaxSfax3029Tunisia Depa.tment of Informa.ion Tech.ology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt

Th. a.t of tra.smitting ph.tos via.th. Internet h.0} become a.routine a.d significa.t *** th. security mea.ures to sa.egua.d th.se ima.es from counterfeiting a.d modifica.ions is a.critica. doma.n th.0} ca. still be furth.r *** study presents a.system th.0} employs a.ra.ge of a.proa.h.s a.d a.gorith.s to ensure th. security of tra.smitted venous *** ma.n goa. of th.s work is to crea.e a.very effective system for compressing individua. biometrics in order to improve th. overa.l a.cura.y a.d security of digita. ph.togra.h. by mea.s of ima.e *** pa.er introduces a.content-ba.ed ima.e a.th.ntica.ion mech.0}ism th.0} is suita.le for usa.e a.ross a. untrusted network a.d resista.t to da.a.loss during *** employing sca.e a.tributes a.d a.key-dependent pa.a.etric Long sh.rt-Term Memory(LsTM),it is fea.ible to improve th. resilience of digita. signa.ures a.a.nst ima.e deteriora.ion a.d strength.n th.ir security a.a.nst ma.icious ***,th. successful implementa.ion of tra.smitting biometric da.a.in a.compressed forma. over a.wireless network h.0} been *** a.plica.ions involving th. tra.smission a.d sh.0}ing of ima.es a.ross a.*** suggested tech.ique utilizes th. sca.a.ility of a.structura. digita. signa.ure to a.ta.n a.sa.isfa.tory equilibrium between security a.d picture *** effective a.a.tive compression stra.egy wa. crea.ed to length.n th. overa.l lifetime of th. network by sh.0}ing th. processing of *** sch.me ensures a.la.ge reduction in computa.iona. a.d energy requirements wh.le minimizing ima.e qua.ity *** a.proa.h.employs multi-sca.e ch.0}a.teristics to improve th. resista.ce of signa.ures a.a.nst ima.e *** proposed system a.ta.ned a.Ga.ssia. noise va.ue of 98%a.d a.rota.ion a.cura.y surpa.sing 99%.

关键词： Ima.e tra.smission ima.e compression text h.ding Bezier curve h.stogra. of Oriented Gra.ients(h.G) LsTM ima.e enh.0}cement Ga.ssia. noise rota.ion

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Rea.-Time Prediction of Urba. Tra.fic Problems Ba.ed on a.tificia. Intelligence-Enh.0}ced Mobile a. h.c Networks(Ma.ETs)

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Computers, Ma.eria.s & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1903-1923页

作者： ahmed a.h.ssen a.sh.ya.s.a.sa.i Depa.tment of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Depa.tment of Informa.ion Tech.ology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Tra.fic in toda.’s cities is a.serious problem th.0} increa.es tra.el times,nega.ively a.fects th. environment,a.d dra.ns fina.cia. *** study presents a. a.tificia. Intelligence(a.)a.gmentedMobile a. h.c Networks(Ma.ETs)ba.ed rea.-time prediction pa.a.igm for urba. tra.fic *** a.e wireless networks th.0} a.e ba.ed on mobile devices a.d ma. *** distributed na.ure of Ma.ETs a.d th. power of a. a.proa.h.s a.e levera.ed in th.s fra.ework to provide relia.le a.d timely tra.fic congestion *** study suggests a.unique Ch.0}tic spa.ia. Fuzzy Polynomia. Neura. Network(CsFPNN)tech.ique to a.sess rea.-time da.a.a.quired from va.ious sources with.n *** fra.ework uses th. proposed a.proa.h.to lea.n from th. da.a.a.d crea.e predictionmodels to detect possible tra.fic problems a.d th.ir severity in rea. ***-time tra.fic prediction a.lows for proa.tive a.tions like resource a.loca.ion,dyna.ic route a.vice,a.d tra.fic signa. optimiza.ion to reduce *** fra.ework supports effective decision-ma.ing,decrea.es tra.el time,lowers fuel use,a.d enh.0}ces overa.l urba. mobility by giving timely informa.ion to pedestria.s,drivers,a.d urba. *** simula.ions a.d rea.-world da.a.ets a.e used to test th. proposed fra.ework’s prediction a.cura.y,responsiveness,a.d *** results sh.w th.0} th. suggested fra.ework successfully a.ticipa.es urba. tra.fic issues in rea.-time,ena.les proa.tive tra.fic ma.a.ement,a.d a.ds in crea.ing sma.ter,more susta.na.le cities.

关键词： Mobile a.h.cNetworks(Ma.ET) urba. tra.fic prediction a.tificia. intelligence(a.) tra.fic congestion ch.0}tic spa.ia. fuzzy polynomia. neura. network(CsFPNN)

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Eva.ua.ing mech.0}ism of ba.a.a.pseudo-stem retting using sea.a.er:a.cost-effective surfa.e pre-trea.ment a.proa.h

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Journa. of Bioresources a.d Bioproducts 2024年第3期9卷 322-335页

作者： Prince h.tor ahmed h.h.1}sa.in Osbert a.a.wijuka.Moh.1}ed a.h.Gepreel Mitsuo Ya.a.oto Yukie sa.to ahmed a.del-Ma.good Egypt-Ja.a. University of science a.d Tech.ology Biotechnology ProgramAlexandria GovernorateNew Borg Al Arab 21934Egypt a.exa.dria.University Department of Textile EngineeringAlexandria GovernorateBab Sharqi 5424041Egypt Egypt-Ja.a. University of science a.d Tech.ology Material Science and EngineeringAlexandria GovernorateNew Borg Al Arab 21934Egypt Gra.ua.e sch.ol of a.ricultura. a.d Life sciences The University of TokyoBunkyo-KuTokyo 113-8657Japan

Retting h.0} been employed to extra.t na.ura. fibers from a.ricultura. wa.tes a. a.biologica. a.d cost-effective a.proa.h.for *** its globa. a.unda.ce,ba.a.a.pseudo-stem is a.promising a.ro-wa.te for lignocellulosic fiber *** th.s study,fibers were extra.ted from th. pseudo-stems a.ter being pre-trea.ed under four conditions using sea.a.er a. room tempera.ure for up to 35 d Ba.teria. isola.ion from th. fresh.sea.a.er sa.ple a.d screening for ligninolytic a.ility were *** loa. a. well a. la.ca.e a.d ma.ga.ese peroxida.e enzyme a.tivity profile a.sa. during th. retting dura.ion were *** tra.sform infra.ed(FT-IR)a.d X-da. diffra.tion(XRD)a.a.yses were a.so exa.ined for both.pre-trea.ed a.d untrea.ed extra.ted *** results sh.ws th.0} six out of th. eigh. ba.teria. isola.es h.0} th. a.ility to degra.e *** trea.ments(Ra. stem+Ra. sea.a.er)a.d(a.tocla.ed stem+Ra. sea.a.er)recorded th. h.gh.st via.le ba.teria. loa. of 9.24×102 a.d 4.46×102 CFU,respectively,on th. 14th.da. of th. retting ***,th. h.gh.st la.ca.e a.d ma.ga.ese peroxida.e enzymes a.tivity wa. recorded for(Ra. stem+Ra. sea.a.er)a.d(a.tocla.ed stem+Ra. sea.a.er)trea.ments in th. second to th. th.rd *** FT-IR spectra.of th. pre-trea.ed fibers revea.ed rela.ive reductions in pea.s a.tributed to polysa.ch.0}ides a.d oth.r a.orph.us substa.ces for a.l retting *** XRD diffra.togra. revea.ed th.0} th. crysta.linity index(CI)of pre-trea.ed fibers increa.ed in a.l sea.a.er retting trea.ment ***,th. CI for fibers pre-trea.ed under enzyma.ic conditions were enh.0}ced even a.ter five *** a.a.ysis for selected ba.teria. isola.es sh.wed h.mology to sequences of Ba.illus velezensis,sh.wa.ella.sp.L8–5,a.d Citroba.ter a.a.ona.icus a.d Ba.illus subtilis j8 *** th.se findings,it wa. suggested th.0} ph.sica.,biologica.,a.d ch.mica. a.tions were collectively involved in th. sea.a.er retting process of ba.a.a.ps

关键词： sea.a.er retting Ba.a.a.pseudo-stem Na.ura. fiber Enzyme a.tivity Colony forming unit

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Tilted globa. sola. irra.ia.ce in Ba.ra.n:a. experimenta. study

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Clea. Energy 2024年第2期8卷 27-34页

作者： N.Va.ilikos C.Georga.topoulou h.a.a.a.mi s.h.a.ma.ed M.ahmed D.Ma.h.oula.is sch.ol of Mech.0}ica. Engineering Bahrain PolytechnicIsa TownPO Box 33349Kingdom of Bahrain sch.ol of Mech.0}ica. Engineering National Technical University of AthensHeroon Polytechniou 7 StZografos 15773AthensGreece

In th. present work,tilted globa. sola. irra.ia.ce da.a.a.e presented a.d a.a.ysed,mea.ured for a.period of 1 yea. on th. ca.pus of Ba.ra.n Polytech.ic,Kingdom of Ba.ra.n,from both.a.fixed ph.tovolta.c pa.el a.d a.moving one via.a.two-a.is sola. *** fixed pa.el fa.es south.with.a. a.gle of 26°with.respect to th. h.rizonta.,coinciding with.th. loca. geogra.h.ca. *** second pa.el is moved by two motors,controlled by a.globa. positioning system a.d suita.le softwa.e so th.0} th. sun’s ra.s a.e perpendicula. to th. pa.el surfa.e.a.pyra.ometer is insta.led on ea.h.pa.el,recording th. tilted globa. sola. irra.ia.ce,stored by using a.da.a.*** a.a.ysis of th. da.a.obta.ned sh.ws a.33%sola. energy ga.n on a. a.nua. ba.is for th. moving pa.el(2780 versus 2088 kWh.m^(2) on th. fixed pa.el).More importa.tly,in June,wh.n th. energy dema.d in Ba.ra.n is eleva.ed due to th. increa.ed residentia. cooling loa.s,th. sola. energy received by th. moving pa.el is 54.7%h.gh.r compa.ed with.th.0} of th. fixed *** a.percenta.e ba.is,th. increa.e in sola. energy from th. moving pa.el is profound in th. ea.ly morning a.d la.e evening ***,th. reduction in th. sola. energy received by th. fixed pa.el from Ma. to June does not a.pea. in th. moving pa.el beca.se of th. a.justa.le orienta.ion of th. *** th. yea.,th. mea. da.ly sola. power va.ies between 0.37 a.d 0.56 kW/m^(2) for th. fixed pa.el,a.d 0.45 a.d 0.70 kW/m^(2) for th. moving *** winter,sola. energy fluctua.ions a.e eleva.ed due to erra.ic wea.h.r conditions th.0} present a.pea. sta.da.d devia.ion of 28%of th. corresponding *** da.a.presented a.e useful for potentia. sola. investments in Gulf countries.

关键词： tilted sola. irra.ia.ce renewa.le energy sola. tra.king ph.tovolta.c Gulf Coopera.ion Council Countries

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Editoria. for th. specia. Issue on Emerging Tech.ology a.d a.va.ced a.plica.ion of Nondestructive Detection for Power Equipment

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Ch.nese Journa. of Electrica. Engineering 2024年第1期10卷 1-2页

作者： Li J. Mei h. Li s. Tia.jin University China Tsingh.a.sh.nzh.n Interna.iona. Gra.ua.e sch.ol China La.zh.u Jia.tong University China

Th. ra.id development of clea. a.d renewa.le energy tech.ologies represented by wind a.d sola. energy,a. well a. th. continuous growth.of loa. dema.d,h.0}e put forwa.d h.gh.r requirements for th. sa.e opera.ion of th. power *** performa.ce of power equipment ba.ed on tra.itiona. dielectric ma.eria.s is often limited by va.ious defects genera.ed during molding,tra.sporta.ion,a.sembly,a.d opera.ion,wh.ch.ca.not meet th. relia.ility requirements of power systems in th. new *** detection is a. essentia. tech.ica. meth.d in industria. development,wh.ch.ca. detect a.d eva.ua.e th. defect a.d da.a.e sta.us of in-service equipment,key components,a.d ma.eria.s with.ut da.a.ing th. object.

关键词： service a.plica.ion opera.ion

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Novel synth.sis of sta.ilized Bi1-x-yGdxDyyO1.5 solid electrolytes with.enh.0}ced conductivity for intermedia.e tempera.ure solid oxide fuel cells（sOFCs）

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Journa. of Ra.e Ea.th. 2024年第10期42卷 1903-1911页

作者： ahmed h.Ibra.im Yeh.a.M.a.ba. h.a.a.oub Ma.wa.h.a.i Musta.a.a.doori Ma.eria.s science La.ora.ory Physics DepartmentFaculty of ScienceSuez Canal University Ministry of h.gh.r Educa.ion a.d scientific Resea.ch Aliraqia University

h.rein,we report th. synth.sis of a.Dy-Gd co-doped cubic ph.0}e-sta.ilized Bi2O3solid electrolyte system via.solid-sta.e processing under a.mosph.ric *** with.Dy3+a.d Gd3+h.0} been observed to significa.tly enh.0}ce th. densifica.ion process during sintering for sta.iliza.ion purposes,th.reby improving th. electrica. properties of δ-Bi2O3-type *** synth.sized cera.ics were ch.0}a.terized using X-ra. diffra.tion（XRD）,field emission sca.ning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ra. spectroscopy（FEsEM-EDX）,th.rma. gra.imetry/differentia. th.rma. a.a.ysis（TG/DTa.,a.d th. four-point probe tech.ique（4PPT）.XRD a.a.ysis revea.s th.0} th. sa.ples Bi1-x-yGdxDyyO1.5（y=0.05/x=0.05,0.10,0,15,a.d 0.20,a.d x=0.05/y=0.10,0.15,a.d 0.20） exh.bit a.sta.le fa.e-centered cubic δ-ph.0}e a.d a.mixed-ph.0}e crysta.logra.h.c *** XRD a.a.ysis of th. sta.ilized δ-ph.0}e suggests th.0} th. prepa.ed oxides sh.w a.fa.e-centered cubic（FCC） structure with.a.spa.e group of *** microgra.h. revea. th.0} th. composition Bi0.90Gd0.05Dy0.05O1.5h.0} no significa.t ***,a. evident increa.e in th. pore forma.ion is observed a. th. a.ount of Gd2O3increa.es until it rea.h.s 20%.Th.s finding suggests th.0} dense pellets a.e formed during th. sintering process a. 900-1000℃.Th. DTa.a.a.yses were performed to verify th. ph.0}e sta.ility,wh.ch.a.rees with.th. XRD *** electroch.mica. performa.ce of th. synth.sized Dy-Gd co-doped Bi2O3solid electrolyte system wa. eva.ua.ed a.d a.a.yzed in deta.l by using th. electroch.mica. impeda.ce spectroscopy（EIs） tech.ique,Ba.ed on EIs a.d conductivity mea.urements,Bi0.75Gd0.20Dy0.05O1.5exh.bits th. lowest a.tiva.ion energy of 0.519 eV a.d th. h.gh.st conductivity va.ue of 0.398 s/cm a. 627℃compa.ed to th. oth.r sa.ples;th.s composition ca. be used a. a.solid electrolyte for intermedia.etempera.ure solid oxide fuel cells（sOFCs）.

关键词： Electroch.mica. impeda.ce spectroscopy (EIs) Fa.t Fourier tra.sform (FFT) Ra.e ea.th. Rietveld solid oxide fuel cells (sOFCs) solid-sta.e processing

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a.h.brid Cla.sifica.ion a.d Identifica.ion of Pneumonia.Using a.rica. Buffa.o Optimiza.ion a.d CNN from Ch.st X-Ra. Ima.es

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2497-2517页

作者： Na.ser a.a.wa. ahmed I.Ta.oba.a.r a.ozeid ahmed Ibra.im a.za.ra.i a.i h.a.-Ba.a.ti Computer science Depa.tment Community CollegeKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11437Saudi Arabia Informa.ion system Depa.tment Faculty of Computers and InformationAssiut UniversityAssiutEgypt Ma.h.ma.ics Depa.tment Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityCairoEgypt Cyber Tech.ology Institute(CTI) De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK

a. illness known a. pneumonia.ca.ses infla.ma.ion in th. *** th.re is so much.informa.ion a.a.la.le fromva.ious X-ra. ima.es,dia.nosing pneumonia.h.0} typica.ly proven *** improve ima.e qua.ity a.d speed up th. dia.nosis of pneumonia.numerous a.proa.h.s h.0}e been *** da.e,severa. meth.ds h.0}e been employed to identify *** Convolutiona. Neura. Network(CNN)h.0} a.h.eved outsta.ding success in identifying a.d dia.nosing disea.es in th. fields of medicine a.d ***,th.se meth.ds a.e complex,inefficient,a.d imprecise to a.a.yze a.big number of *** th.s pa.er,a.new h.brid meth.d for th. a.toma.ic cla.sifica.ion a.d identifica.ion of Pneumonia.from ch.st X-ra. ima.es is *** proposed meth.d(a.OCNN)utilized th.a.rica. Buffa.oOptimiza.ion(a.O)a.gorith.to enh.0}ceCNNperforma.ce a.d *** Weinmed filter is employed for pre-processing to elimina.e unwa.ted noises from ch.st X-ra. ima.es,followed by fea.ure extra.tion using th. Grey Level Co-Occurrence Ma.rix(GLCM)*** fea.ures a.e th.n selected from th. da.a.et using th. a.O a.gorith.,a.d ultima.ely,h.gh.performa.ce deep lea.ning using th. CNN a.proa.h.is introduced for th. cla.sifica.ion a.d identifica.ion of *** results on va.ious da.a.ets sh.wed th.0},wh.n contra.ted to oth.r a.proa.h.s,th. a.O-CNN outperforms th.m a.l for th. cla.sifica.ion *** proposed meth.d exh.bits superior va.ues like 96.95%,88%,86%,a.d 86%for a.cura.y,precision,reca.l,a.d F1-score,respectively.

关键词： a.rica. buffa.o optimiza.ion convolutiona. neura. network pneumonia X-ra.

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Th. impa.t of ch.moth.ra.y-na.ve open ra.ica. cystectomy dela. a.d periopera.ive tra.sfusion on th. recurrence-free surviva.: a.periopera.ive pa.a.eters-ba.ed nomogra.

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a.ia. Journa. of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 294-303页

作者： ahmed M.h.1}ra. ahmed Elka.ta.Moh.1}ed h.Za.ra. ahmed Mosba. a.a.la. a.sh.1}ba. h.1}sa. a.ol-Enein Urology a.d Neph.ology Center Mansoura UniversityEgypt

Objective: To develop a.d interna.ly va.ida.e a.nomogra. to predict recurrence-free surviva. (RFs) including th. time to ra.ica. cystectomy (RC) a.d periopera.ive blood tra.sfusion (PBT) a. potentia. ***: Pa.ients wh. underwent open RC a.d ilea. conduit between Ja.ua.y 1996 to December 2016 were split into developing (n=948) a.d va.ida.ing (n=237) coh.rts. Th. time to ra.ica. cystectomy (TTC) wa. defined a. th. interva. between th. onset of symptoms a.d RC. Th. regression coefficients of th. independent predictors obta.ned by Cox regression were used to construct th. nomogra.. Discrimina.ion, va.ida.ion, a.d clinica. usefulness in th. va.ida.ion coh.rt were a.sessed by th. a.ea.under th. curve, th. ca.ibra.ion plot, a.d decision curve ***: In th. developing da.a.et, th. 1-, 5-, a.d 10-yea. RFs were 83.0%, 47.2%, a.d 44.4%, respectively. On multiva.ia.e a.a.ysis, independent predictors were TTC (h.0}a.ds ra.io [h.] 1.07, 95% confidence interva. [CI] 1.05-1.08, ph. 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.90, p=0.03;two or more units: h. 1.72, 95% CI 1.29-2.29, pa.era. h.droneph.osis (h. 1.54, 95% CI 1.21-1.97, psqua.ous cell ca.cinoma.(h. 0.60, 95% CI 0.45-0.81, p=0.001), pT3-T4 (h. 1.77, 95% CI 1.41-2.22, ph.node sta.us (h. 1.53, 95% CI 1.21-1.95, pa.d lymph.va.cula. inva.ion (h. 1.28, 95% CI 1.01-1.62, p=0.044). Th. a.ea. under th. curve in th. va.ida.ion da.a.et were 79.3%, 69.6%, a.d 76.2%, for 1-, 5-, a.d 10-yea. RFs, respectively. Ca.ibra.ion plots sh.wed considera.le correspondence between predicted a.d a.tua. surviva. proba.ilities. Th. decision curve a.a.ysis revea.ed a.better net benefit of th. ***: a.nomogra. with.good discrimina.ion, va.ida.ion, a.d clinica. utility wa. constructed utilizing TTC a.d PBT in a.dition to sta.da.d pa.h.logica. criteria.

关键词： Ra.ica.cystectomy Blood tra.sfusion Time to ra.ica. cystectomy surviva. Nomogra.

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