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Tribological behavior of shape-specific microplate-enriched synovial fluids on a linear two-axis tribometer

Friction 2024年第3期12卷 539-553页

作者： agnese FRAGASSI Antonietta GRECO Martina DI FRANCESCO Luca CESERACCIU Aiman ABU AMMAR Israel DVIR Thomas Lee MOORE Haytam KASEM Paolo DECUZZI Laboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine Fondazione Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of GenovaGenoa 16146Italy Materials Characterization Facility Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaGenova 16163Italy Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel Department of Mechanical Engineering Azrieli College of Engineering JerusalemJerusalem 9103501Israel

Nano-and micro-particles are being increasingly used to tune interfacial frictional properties in diverse applications,from friction modifiers in industrial lubrication to enhanced biological fluids in human osteoarthritic joints.Here,we assessed the tribological properties of a simulated synovial fluid enriched with non-spherical,poly lactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA)microparticles(μPL)that have been previously demonstrated for the pharmacological management of osteoarthritis(OA).Three different μPL configurations were fabricated presenting a 20μm×20μm square base and a thickness of 5μm(thin,5H μPL),10μm(10H μPL),and 20μm(cubical,20H μPL).After extensive morphological and physicochemical characterizations,the apparent Young’s modulus of the μPL was quantified under compressive loading returning an average value of~6 kPa,independently of the particle morphology.Then,using a linear two-axis tribometer,the static(μ_(s))and dynamic(μ_(d))friction coefficients of the μPL-enriched simulated synovial fluid were determined in terms of particle configuration and concentration,varying from 0(fluid only)to 6×10^(5) μPL/mL.The particle morphology had a modest influence on friction,possibly because the μPL were fully squeezed between two mating surfaces by a 5.8 N normal load realizing boundary-like lubrication conditions.Differently,friction was observed to depend on the dimensionless parameterW,defined as the ratio between the total volume of the μPL enriching the simulated synovial fluid and the volume of the fluid itself.Both coefficients of friction were documented to grow withWreaching a plateau of μ_(s)~0.4 and μ_(d)~0.15,already at Ω~2×10^(-3).Future investigations will have to systematically analyze the effect of sliding velocity,normal load,and rigidity of the mating surfaces to elucidate in full the tribological behavior of μPL in the context of osteoarthritis.

关键词： osteoarthritis microparticles tribology synovial fluid pin on plate

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Emerging role of lysosomal calcium store as a hub of neuroprotection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第6期17卷 1259-1260页

作者： Valentina Tedeschi agnese Secondo Division of Pharmacology Department of NeuroscienceReproductive and Odontostomatological SciencesSchool of Medicine“Federico II”University of NaplesNaplesItaly

Filled with more than 60 different types of hydrolases,the acidic organelle lysosome governs cellular digestion by removing damaged organelles and catabolic products(Xu and Ren,2015).Beyond the canonical role in the intracellular degradative pathways,lysosome precedes nutrient sensing,autophagy,immune cell signaling,metabolism and membrane repair.

关键词： metabolism removing store

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Social skills and psychopathology are associated with autonomic function in children:a cross-sectional observational study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第4期17卷 920-928页

作者： Elisa Cainelli Luca Vedovelli Daniele Bottigliengo Dario Boschiero agnese Suppiej Child Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology University Hospital of PadovaPadovaItaly Department of General Psychology University of PadovaPadovaItaly Unit of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Public HealthDepartment of CardiacThoracicVascular Sciencesand Public HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly BioTekna Biomedical Technologies Marcon(VE)Italy Department of Medical Sciences Pediatric SectionUniversity of FerraraFerraraItaly

In recent years,the increase of psychopathological disorders in the population has become a health emergency,leading to a great effort to understand psychological vulnerability mechanisms.In this scenario,the role of the autonomic nervous system(ANS)has become increasingly important.This study investigated the association between ANS,social skills,and psychopathological functioning in children.As an ANS status proxy,we measured heart rate variability(HRV).Infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the University Hospital of Padova because of preterm birth or neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were sequentially recruited from January 2011 to June 2013 and followed long-term up to school age in this cross-sectional observational study.We recorded 5 minutes of HRV immediately before measuring performance in social abilities tasks(affect recognition and theory of mind,NEPSY-II)in 50 children(mean age 7.4±1.4 years)with and without risk factors for developing neuropsychiatric disorders due to pre-/perinatal insults without major sequelae.Children also completed extensive cognitive,neuropsychological,and psychosocial assessment.Parents were assessed with psychopathological interviews and a questionnaire(CBCL 6-18).Analysis in a robust Bayesian framework was used to unearth dependencies between HRV,social skills,and psychopathological functioning.Social task scores were associated with HRV components,with high frequency the most consistent.HRV bands were also associated with the psychopathological questionnaire.Only normalized HRV high frequency was able to distinguish impaired children in the affect recognition task.Our data suggest that ANS may be implicated in social cognition both in typical and atypical developmental conditions and that HRV has cross-disease sensitivity.We suggest that HRV parameters may reflect a neurobiological vulnerability to psychopathology.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University Hospital of Padova(Comitato Etico per la Sperimentazione,Azienda Opedal

关键词： affect recognition autonomic nervous system children hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy impairment neonatal prematurity psychopathology recovery theory of mind

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Neuroprotection and neuroregeneration:roles for the white matter

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第11期17卷 2376-2380页

作者： Vito Antonio Baldassarro agnese Stanzani Luciana Giardino Laura Calzà Luca Lorenzini Department of Veterinary Medical Science University of BolognaBolognaItaly Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research in Life Sciences and Technologies University of BolognaBolognaItaly Fondazione IRET Ozzano EmiliaItaly Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology University of BolognaBolognaItaly Montecatone Rehabilitation Institute ImolaItaly

Efficient strategies for neuroprotection and repair are still an unmet medical need for neurodegenerative diseases and lesions of the central nervous system.Over the last few decades,a great deal of attention has been focused on white matter as a potential therapeutic target,mainly due to the discovery of the oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the adult central nervous system,a cell type able to fully repair myelin damage,and to the development of advanced imaging techniques to visualize and measure white matter lesions.The combination of these two events has greatly increased the body of research into white matter alte rations in central nervous system lesions and neurodegenerative diseases and has identified the oligodendrocyte precursor cell as a putative target for white matter lesion repair,thus indirectly contributing to neuroprotection.This review aims to discuss the potential of white matter as a therapeutic target for neuroprotection in lesions and diseases of the central nervous system.Pivot conditions are discussed,specifically multiple scle rosis as a white matter disease;spinal cord injury,the acute lesion of a central nervous system component where white matter prevails over the gray matte r,and Alzheimer's disease,where the white matter was considered an ancilla ry component until recently.We first describe oligodendrocyte precursor cell biology and developmental myelination,and its regulation by thyroid hormones,then briefly describe white matter imaging techniques,which are providing information on white matter involvement in central nervous system lesions and degenerative diseases.Finally,we discuss pathological mechanisms which interfere with myelin repair in adulthood.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease multiple sclerosis oligodendrocyte precursor cells spinal cord injury thyroid hormone traumatic brain injury white matter white matter imaging

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An innovative orbital implant positioner for the proper restoration of eye-socket defects

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生物设计与制造（英文） 2023年第1期6卷 82-89页

作者： Marco Mandolini agnese Brunzini Manila Caragiuli Alida Mazzoli Mario Pagnoni Department of Industrial Engineering and Mathematical Sciences UniversitàPolitecnica Delle MarcheVia Brecce Bianche 1260131 AnconaItaly Department of Materials Environmental Sciences and Urban PlanningUniversitàPolitecnica Delle MarcheVia Brecce Bianche 1260131 AnconaItaly yourFACE Clinica Ars BiomedicaVia Luigi Bodio 5800191 RomeItaly

Fractures to the orbital walls and floor must be appropriately managed to avoid severe conditions.This results in particularly challenging anatomical reconstructions.The main issues are the implant’s proper shaping,placement,and orientation onto the eye socket.A new,customized implant-shaping mould has already been developed to shape patient-specific implants.However,it still does not address the implant positioning in the fractured orbital cavity.

关键词： socket orbital walls

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Compositional Features of Fine Sediments Involved in the Montescaglioso Landslide(Southern Italy)

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第6期33卷 1513-1525页

作者： Vito Summa Rosa Sinisi Eleonora Paris agnese Emanuela Bonomo National Research Council Institute of Methodologies for Environmental AnalysisC/da S.Loja 85050Tito ScaloItaly School of Science and Technology Geology DivisionUniversity of Camerino62032CamerinoItaly

This paper presents the multidisciplinary study of the southern Italy Plio-Pleistocene sediments involved in the large Montescaglioso Landslide.The principal aim of the work is to assess the compositional characters(i.e.,grain-size,mineralogy,petrography and geochemistry)and some rheological features(Atterberg’s limits,plasticity index and activity)of these sediments to enrich our knowledge about the Montescaglioso fine sediments and correlation among the lithological properties studied.Two types of sediments,from a deep geognostic borehole and from the surrounding landslide area,were collected and analysed.No significant compositional differences have been found between the core and landslide area sediments.Conversely,some changes have been detected in sediments along the core.Particularly,the-15 to-20 m lithostratigraphic level hosts the highest percentages of phyllosilicates and clay fraction(CF),commonly considered as possible hazard factors for the landslide triggering.Further more,in the studied core sediments,the CF contents correlate with the Atterberg’s liquid and plastic limits and a CF value of about 38%was suggested as threshold value for the changing of index properties of sediments.Other factors,such as the weathering degree and clay mineral type,do not show significant correlations with the rheological properties of sediments here studied.

关键词： grain-size mineralogy geochemistry index properties Plio-Pleistocene sediments

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Same place, different time, head up: Multiple antipredator responses to a recolonizing apex predator

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Current Zoology 2023年第6期69卷 703-717页

作者： Bruno Esattore agnese Carlotta Rossi Francesco Bazzoni Chiara Riggio Raquel Oliveira Ivan Leggiero Francesco Ferretti Department of Ethology Institute of Animal SciencePratelstvi 81510400UhrinevesPragueCzech Republic Department of Ethology and Companion Animal Science Faculty of AgrobiologyFood and Natural ResourcesCzech University of Life SciencesKamycka 12916500SuchdolPragueCzech Republic Department of Life Sciences Research Unit of Behavioral EcologyEthology and Wildlife ManagementUniversity of SienaVia Pier Andrea Mattioli 453100SienaItaly NBFC National Biodiversity Future CenterPalermo 90133Italy

Prey adjust their antipredator behavioral tactics to minimize the risk of an encounter with predators.Spatiotemporal responses of prey to pred-ators have been reported,but the nature of antipredator response is not ubiquitous and it is the object of increasing interest,especially consid-ering the recent recovery of large carnivores in Europe,and the potential for behavioral antipredator responses to elicit consequences at the ecosystem level.We have tested multiple antipredator responses by fallow deer Dama dama to wolf Canis lupus in a Mediterranean protected area recently recolonized by this apex predator.Through intensive camera trapping,we tested for temporal and spatial association between predator and prey,and we have also studied deer vigilance in forest habitats where focal observations are usually impossible.Wolf detection rates were spatially associated with those of fallow deer.Accordingly,no evidence was found for fallow deer avoiding sites with higher predator detection rates.Temporal activity patterns were significantly different between the 2 species,with the wolf being mainly nocturnal whereas fallow deer was active especially during daylight.A comparison with a preliminary study strongly suggests an increase in the diurnal activity of fallow deer along with the stabilization of wolf presence in the area.Both the rate and the duration of vigilance of female fallow deer increased with the local frequency of wolf activity.We suggest an antipredator response based on temporalrather than spatialavoidance,as well as increasedvigilance.

关键词： antipredator responses deer interspecific interactions temporal patterns vigilance

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Importance of adapted digestion conditions to simulate in vitro lipid digestion of broilers in different life stages

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 151-158页

作者： Daphne Michels Sarah H.E.Verkempinck agnese Panozzo Karen Vermeulen Marc E.Hendrickx Liesbet Thijs Tara Grauwet Laboratory of Food Technology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre(LFoRCe) Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems(M2S)KU LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium Kemin Animal Nutrition and Health Kemin Europa N.V.Herentals2200Belgium

In vitro digestion studies demonstrate large potential to gain more and quicker insights into the underlying mechanisms of feed additives,allowing the optimization of feed design.Unfortunately,current in vitro digestion models relevant for broiler chickens lack sufficient description in terms of protocols and standardisation used.Furthermore,no distinction is made between the different life phases of these animals(starter,grower,and finisher).Hence,our research aimed to establish adapted in vitro digestion conditions,corresponding to the 3 life phases in broilers,with specific focus on lipid digestion.The effect of 3 different bile salt concentrations of 2,10,and 20 mM,and 3 different lipase activities of 5,20,and 100 U/mL,on in vitro lipid digestion kinetics were evaluated using a full factorial design.These values were selected to represent starter,grower,and finisher birds,respectively.Our findings showed that the extent of lipid digestion was mainly influenced by lipase activity.The rate of lipid digestion was affected by an interplay between bile salt concentration and lipase activity,due to possible lipase inhibition at certain bile salt concentrations.Overall,this work resulted in 3 in vitro lipid digestion models representative for starter,grower,and finisher birds.In conclusion,this research showed the impact of adapted in vitro digestion conditions on lipid digestion kinetics and thus the need for these conditions relevant for each life phase of broilers.

关键词： Lipolysis Lipase activity Bile salt In vitro digestion Broiler chicken Emulsion

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2D MXenes as Co-catalysts in Photocatalysis:Synthetic Methods

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Nano-Micro Letters 2019年第4期11卷 403-424页

作者： Yuliang Sun Xing Meng Yohan Dall’agnese Chunxiang Dall’agnese Shengnan Duan Yu Gao Gang Chen Xiao-Feng Wang Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries(Ministry of Education) College of PhysicsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China Jilin Key Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Technologies Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012People’s Republic of China A.J.Drexel Nanomaterials Institute and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Drexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19104USA Institute for Materials Discovery Faculty of Maths and Physical SciencesUniversity College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK

Since their seminal discovery in 2011,two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides/nitrides known as MXenes,that constitute a large family of 2D materials,have been targeted toward various applications due to their outstanding electronic properties.MXenes functioning as co-catalyst in combination with certain photocatalysts have been applied in photocatalytic systems to enhance photogenerated charge separation,suppress rapid charge recombination,and convert solar energy into chemical energy or use it in the degradation of organic compounds.The photocatalytic performance greatly depends on the composition and morphology of the photocatalyst,which,in turn,are determined by the method of preparation used.Here,we review the four different synthesis methods(mechanical mixing,self-assembly,in situ decoration,and oxidation)reported for MXenes in view of their application as co-catalyst in photocatalysis.In addition,the working mechanism for MXenes application in photocatalysis is discussed and an outlook for future research is also provided.

关键词： MXenes Photocatalysis Co-catalyst Synthetic methods

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Incidental right atrial mass in a patient with secondary pancreatic cancer: A case report and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第5期11卷 1206-1216页

作者： agnese Maria Fioretti Tiziana Leopizzi Daniele La Forgia Pietro Scicchitano Donato Oreste Annarita Fanizzi Raffaella Massafra Stefano Oliva Cardio-Oncology IRCCS Istituto Tumori“Giovanni Paolo Ⅱ”Bari 70124Italy Cardiology and Intensive Care Unit Ospedale SS.AnnunziataTaranto 74121Italy Department of Radiology IRCCS Istituto Tumori“Giovanni Paolo Ⅱ”Bari 70124Italy Cardiology and Intensive Care Unit Ospedale“Fabio Perinei”Altamura(Bari)70022Italy Department of Oncology IRCCS Istituto Tumori“Giovanni Paolo Ⅱ”Bari 70124Italy

BACKGROUND The incidental detection of a right atrial mass during routine cardioncological workup is a rare condition. The correct differential diagnosis between cancer and thrombi is challenging. A biopsy may not be feasible while diagnostic techniques and tools may not be available.CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 59-year-old female patient with a history of breast cancer and current secondary metastatic pancreatic cancer. She developed deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and was admitted to the Outpatient Clinic of our Cardio-Oncology Unit for follow-up. Transthoracic echocardiogram incidentally found a right atrial mass. Clinical management was difficult due to the abrupt worsening of the patient’s clinical condition and the progressive severe thrombocytopenia. We suspected a thrombus, according to its echocardiographic appearance, the patient’s cancer history and recent venous thromboembolism. The patient was unable to adhere to low molecular weight heparin treatment. Due to worsening prognosis, palliative care was recommended. We also highlighted the distinguishing features between thrombi and tumors. We proposed a diagnostic flowchart to aid diagnostic decision making in the case of an incidental atrial mass.CONCLUSION This case report highlights the importance of cardioncological surveillance during anticancer treatments to detect cardiac masses.

关键词： Atrial mass Cardiac tumor Venous thromboembolism Differential diagnosis Case report

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