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Effects of hooked-collar on the local scour around a lenticular bridge pier

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第1期38卷 1-11页

作者： Rashid Farooq Amir Hossein Azimi Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman Tariq afzal ahmed Department of Civil Engineering International Islamic University Department of Civil Engineering Lakehead University College of Engineering and Science Victoria University Department of Civil Engineering University of Engineering and Technology James Watt School of Engineering University of Glasgow

This paper presents the results of comprehensive laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of hooked-collar on the scour development around a vertical pier with a lenticular cross section. The flow around the pier was uniform, steady, and under the clear-water condition. The axial scour profiles for cases without and with a lenticular hooked-collar were measured and the effects of hooked-collar dimensions and elevation from the bed were examined. To compute the efficiency of hooked-collar for scour prevention, the results of local scour for a bridge pier without a collar and a bridge pier with a plain collar, without a hooked wall, were used as benchmark data sets. A wide range of hooked-collar geometries such as the ratio of collar width to the pier width, Wc/Wp, ranging from 1.5 to 3.5, the ratio of hooked-collar wall height to the pier width, Hc/Wp, ranging from 0.15 to 0.6, and the ratio of collar elevation to the pier width, Ec/Wp, of-0.5, 0, and 0.5 were tested. The experimental results indicated that the equilibrium scour depth decreased with the ratio of hooked-collar to the pier width when Wcis twice the pier width, Wp. For Wc/Wp> 2, the scour depth was similar to the tests with an infinitely large pier width. In addition, the scour depth consistently reduced as the hooked-collar wall height, Hc, to the pier width, Wp, approached 0.3. The highest scour reduction efficiency was achieved when the hooked-collar being placed on the bed surface. Empirical models were developed for prediction of maximum scour depth near the lenticular bridge pier with a modified collar. The results showed that the volume of scour hole around a lenticular pier increased non-linearly with the maximum scour depth and it was independent of the hooked-collar geometry.

关键词： Local scour Erosion Collar Hooked-collar Lenticular pier Scour countermeasure Steady flow

A Multifunctional Chiral Metasurface with Asymmetric Transmission and Linear-Polarization Conversion

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2024年第S1期41卷 21-26页

作者： afzal ahmed CAO Qunsheng MUHAMMAD Sajjad College of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 211106P.R.China

In this paper,a multifunctional chiral metasurface is presented to achieve asymmetric transmission(AT)and linear-polarization conversion(LPC).The designed metasurface consists of a cross swords-like shape and two holes in the lower side of the unit *** the frequency band from 8.3 GHz to 10.4 GHz,AT is realized with more than 90%efficiency and the same chiral metasurface transforms linear polarized wave into its orthogonal counterpart with high *** LPC,the polarization conversion ratio(PCR)is greater than 95%.The proposed metasurface is stable against the incident angles of striking electromagnetic(EM)waves up to 60°for both operations of AT and LPC.

关键词： chiral metasurface polarization conversion asymmetric tranmission plasmon resonances

Exploiting Structural Similarities to Classify Citations

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1195-1214页

作者： Muhammad Saboor ahmed Muhammad Tanvir afzal Capital University of Science and Technology IslamabadPakistan

Citations play an important role in the scientific community by assisting in measuring multifarious policies like the impact of journals,researchers,institutions,and *** cite papers for different reasons,such as extending previous work,comparing their study with the state-of-the-art,providing background of the field,*** recent years,researchers have tried to conceptualize all citations into two broad categories,important and *** a categorization is very important to enhance scientific output in multiple ways,for instance,(1)Helping a researcher in identifying meaningful citations from a list of 100 to 1000 citations(2)Enhancing the impact factor calculation mechanism by more strongly weighting important citations,and(3)Improving researcher,institutional,and university rankings by only considering important *** of these uses depend upon correctly identifying the important citations from the list of all citations in a *** date,researchers have utilized many features to classify citations into these broad categories:cue phrases,in-text citation counts,and metadata features,***,contemporary approaches are based on identification of in-text citation counts,mapping sections onto the Introduction,Methods,Results,and Discussion(IMRAD)structure,identifying cue phrases,*** such features accurately is a challenging task and is normally conducted manually,with the accuracy of citation classification demonstrated in terms of these manually extracted *** research proposes to examine the content of the cited and citing pair to identify important citing papers for each cited *** content similarity approach was adopted from research paper recommendation ***,a novel section-based content similarity approach is also *** results show that solely using the abstract of the cited and citing papers can achieve similar accuracy as the stateof-the-art *** makes the propose

关键词： Section-wise similarity citation classification content similarity important citation

Challenges of modern day transition care in inflammatory bowel disease: From inflammatory bowel disease to biosimilars

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第25期23卷 4473-4479页

作者： Ali Hakizimana Iftikhar ahmed Rachel Russell Mark Wright Nadeem A afzal Department of Paediatrics University Hospital Southampton Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital Southampton Department of Hepatology University Hospital Southampton

In this article we discuss the challenges of delivering a high quality Transition care. A good understanding of the adolescent needs with good communication between Transition care physicians and the patient is essential for good continuity of care. Despite availability of several guidelines, one model doesn't fit all and any transition service development should be determined by the local need and available healthcare facilities.

关键词： Transition Adolescent Inflammatory bowel disease Biosimilar

Influence of Seed Priming on Performance and Water Productivity of Direct Seeded Rice in Alternating Wetting and Drying

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Rice science 2015年第4期22卷 189-196页

作者： Hafeez Ur REHMAN Muhammad KAMRAN Shahzad Maqsood ahmed BASRA Irfan afzal Muhammad FAROOQ Department of Agronomy University of AgricultureFaisalabad Institute of Agriculture University of Western Australia College of Food and Agricultural Sciences King Saud University

Direct seeded rice is promising alternative to traditional transplanting, but requires appropriate crop and water management to maintain yield performance and achieve high water productivity. Present study evaluated the effect of seed priming and irrigation on crop establishment, tillering, agronomic traits, paddy yield, grain quality and water productivity of direct seeded rice in alternate wetting and drying （DSR-AWD） in comparison with direct seeded rice at field capacity （DSR- FC）. Seed priming treatments were osmo-priming with KCI （2.2%）, CaCI2 （2.2%） and moringa leaf extracts （MLE, 3.3%） including hydro-priming as control. Among the treatments, seed osmo-primed with MLE emerged earlier and had higher final emergence, followed by osmo-priming with CaCI2. Tillering emergence rate and number of tillers per plant were the highest for seed priming with CaCI2 in DSR- AWD. Total productive and non-productive tillers, panicle length, biological and grain yields, harvest index were highest for seed priming with MLE or CaCI2 in DSR-AWD. Similarly, grain quality, estimated in terms of normal grains, abortive and chalky grains, was also the highest in DSR-AWD with MLE osmo-priming. Benefit cost ratio and water productivity was also the highest in DSR-AWD for seed priming with MLE. In conclusion, seed priming with MLE or CaCI2 can be successfully employed to improve the direct seeded rice performance when practiced with alternate wetting and drying irrigation.

关键词： crop establishment grain filling rate seed priming water productivity yield direct seededrice alternating wetting and drying grain quality

Multifaceted roles of extracellular RNAs in different diseases

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Military Medical Research 2023年第3期10卷 359-368页

作者： Abdullah Muhammad Sohail Muhammad Babar Khawar Ali afzal Ali Hassan Sara Shahzaman ahmed Ali Molecular Medicine and Cancer Therapeutics Lab Department of ZoologyFaculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahorePakistan Applied Molecular Biology and Biomedicine Lab Department of ZoologyUniversity of NarowalNarowalPakistan

Extracellular RNAs(exRNAs) are novel circulating factors that can be used as biomarkers in various diseases. Their unique and diverse kinds, as well as their role as biomarkers, make them significant biomarkers. There has been immense work carried out since the discovery of exRNAs in circulation and other biological fluids to catalog and determine whether exRNAs may be utilized as indicators for health and illness. In this review, we aim to understand the current state of exRNAs in relation to various diseases and their potential as biomarkers. We will also review current issues and challenges faced in using exRNAs, with clinical and lab trials, that can be used as viable markers for different diseases.

关键词： Extracellular RNAs(exRNAs) Extracellular vehicles(EVs) Cancer Biomarkers Exosomes

Analyzing COVID-2019 Impact on Mental Health Through Social Media Forum

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第6期67卷 3737-3748页

作者： Huma Muhammad Khalid Sohail Nadeem Akhtar Dost Muhammad Humaira afzal Muhammad Rafiq Mufti Shahid Hussain Mansoor ahmed Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Management Sciences Bahria Business SchoolBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur.63100Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari Campus61100Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Science University of OregonEugene97401OregonUSA

This study aims to identify the potential association of mental health and social media forum during the outbreak of COVID-19 ***-19 brings a lot of challenges to government *** the different strategies the most extensively adopted ones were lockdown,social distancing,and isolation among *** people with no mental illness history have been found with high risk of distress and psychological discomfort due to anxiety of being infected with the *** among people due to COVID-19 spread faster than the disease *** misinformation and excessive usage of social media in this pandemic era have adversely affected mental health across the *** to limited historical data,psychiatrists are finding it difficult to cure the mental illness of people resulting from the pandemic repercussion,fueled by social media *** this study the methodology used for data extraction is by considering the implications of social network platforms(such as Reddit)and levering the capabilities of a semi-supervised co-training technique-based use of Naïve Bayes(NB),Random Forest(RF),and Support Vector Machine(SVM)*** experimental results shows the efficacy of the proposed methodology to identify the mental illness level(such as anxiety,bipolar disorder,depression,PTSD,schizophrenia,and OCD)of those who are in anxious of being infected with this *** observed 1 to 5%improvement in the classification decision through the proposed method as compared to state-of-the-art classifiers.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 mental health social media Reddit machine learning

Seed Priming Influence on Early Crop Growth, Phenological Development and Yield Performance of Linola (Linum usitatissimum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第5期13卷 990-996页

作者： Hafeez ur Rehman Muhammad Qaiser Nawaz Shahzad Maqsood ahmed Basra Irfan afzal Azra Yasmeen Fayyaz ul-Hassan Seed Physiology Laboratory Department of Crop Physiology University of Agriculture Faisalabad Soil Salinity Research Institute Pindi Bhatian College of Agriculture Bahuddin Zakriya University Department of Agronomy PMAS University of Arid Agriculture

Reduced early crop growth and limited branching are amongst yield limiting factors of linola. Field response of seed priming treatments viz. 50 mmol L^-1 salicylic acid （SA）, 2.2% CaCl2 and 3.3% moringa leaf extract （MLE） including untreated dry and hydropriming controls was evaluated on early crop growth and yield performance of linola. Osmopriming with CaCl2 reduced emergence time and produced the highest seedling fresh and dry weights including Chl. a contents. Osmopriming with CaCl2 reduced crop branching and flowering and maturity times and had the maximum plant height, number of branches, tillers, pods and seeds per pod followed by MLE. Increase in seed weight, biological and seed yields was 9.30, 34.16 and 39.49%, harvest index （4.12%） and oil contents （13.39%） for CaCl2 osmopriming. Positive relationship between emergence and seedling vigor traits, 100-seed weight, seed yield with maturity time, 100-seed weight and seed yield were found. The study concludes that seed osmopriming with CaC12 or MLE can play significant role to improve early crop growth and seed yields of linola.

关键词： linseed oil quality stand establishment CaCl2

Analyzing COVID-19 Impact on the Researchers Productivity through Their Perceptions

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1835-1847页

作者： Syeda Javeria Shoukat Humaira afzal Muhammad Rafiq Mufti Muhammad Khalid Sohail Dost Muhammad Khan Nadeem Akhtar Shahid Hussain Mansoor ahmed Department of Computer Science COMSATS UniversityIslamabad45550Pakistan Department of Computer Science Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusIslamabad61100Pakistan Department of Management Studies Bahria Business SchoolBahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science&IT The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Computer and Information Science University of OregonEugeneOR97401USA

Context:Since the end of 2019,the COVID-19 pandemic had a worst impact on world’s economy,healthcare,and *** are several aspects where the impact of COVID-19 could be *** these,one aspect is the productivity of researcher,which plays a significant role in the success of an ***:There are several factors that could be aligned with the researcher’s productivity of each domain and whose analysis through researcher’s feedback could be beneficial for decision makers in terms of their decision making and implementation of mitigation plans for the success of an ***:We perform an empirical study to investigate the substantial impact of COVID-19 on the productivity of researchers by analyzing the relevant factors through their *** study aims to find out the impact of COVID-19 on the researcher’s productivity that are working in different *** this study,we conduct a questionnaire-based analysis,which included feedback of 152 researchers of certain *** researchers are currently involved in different research ***,we perform a statistical analysis to analyze the collected responses and report the ***:The results indicate the substantial impact of COVID-19 pandemics on the researcher’s productivity in terms of mental disturbance,lack of regular meetings,and field visits for the collection of primary ***:Finally,it is concluded that researcher’s daily or weekly meetings with their supervisors and colleagues are necessary to keep them more productive in task *** findings would help the decision makers of an organization in the settlement of their plan for the success of an organization.

关键词： COVID-19 researchers productivity statistical analysis