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A Survey on Performance Optimization of High-Level Synthesis Tools

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2020年第3期35卷 697-720页

作者： Lan Huang Da-Lin Li Kang-Ping Wang Teng Gao adriano tavares College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun 130012China Zhuhai Laboratory of Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Zhuhai College of Jilin University Zhuhai 519041China Algorithm Center University of MinhoGuimaraes 4800058Portugal

Field-programmable gate arrays(FPGAs)have recently evolved as a valuable component of the heterogeneous computing.The register transfer level(RTL)design flows demand the designers to be experienced in hardware,resulting in a possible failure of time-to-market.High-level synthesis(HLS)permits designers to work at a higher level of abstraction through synthesizing high-level language programs to RTL descriptions.This provides a promising approach to solve these problems.However,the performance of HLS tools still has limitations.For example,designers remain exposed to various aspects of hardware design,development cycles are still time consuming,and the quality of results(QoR)of HLS tools is far behind that of RTL flows.In this paper,we survey the literature published since 2014 focusing on the performance optimization of HLS tools.Compared with previous work,we extend the scope of the performance of HLS tools,and present a set of three-level evaluation criteria,covering from ease of use of the HLS tools to promotion on specific metrics of QoR.We also propose performance evaluation equations for describing the relation between the performance optimization and the QoR.We find that it needs more efforts on the ease of use for efficient HLS tools.We suggest that it is better to draw an analogy between the HLS development process and the embedded system design process,and to provide more elastic HLS methodology which integrates FPGAs virtual machines.

关键词： evaluation criterion field-programmable gate array(FPGA) high-level synthesis(HLS) performance optimization quality of results(QoR)

Light correcting light with nonlinear optics

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Advanced Photonics 2024年第2期6卷 41-49页

作者： Sachleen Singh Bereneice Sephton Wagner tavares Buono Vincenzo D'Ambrosio Thomas Konrad Andrew Forbes University of the Witwatersrand School of PhysicsJohannesburgSouth Africa Universitàdegli studi di Napoli“FedericoⅡ” Dipartimento di Fisica“E.Pancini”NapoliItaly University of KwaZulu-Natal School of Chemistry and PhysicsDurbanSouth Africa

Structured light,where complex optical fields are tailored in all their degrees of freedom,has become highly topical of late,advanced by a sophisticated toolkit comprising both linear and nonlinear optics.Removing undesired structure from light is far less developed,leveraging mostly on inverting the distortion,e.g.,with adaptive optics or the inverse transmission matrix of a complex channel,both requiring that the distortion be fully characterized through appropriate measurement.We show that distortions in spatially structured light can be corrected through difference-frequency generation in a nonlinear crystal without any need for the distortion to be known.We demonstrate the versatility of our approach using a wide range of aberrations and structured light modes,including higher-order orbital angular momentum(OAM)beams,showing excellent recovery of the original undistorted field.To highlight the efficacy of this process,we deploy the system in a prepare-and-measure communications link with OAM,showing minimal cross talk even when the transmission channel is highly aberrated,and outline how the approach could be extended to alternative experimental modalities and nonlinear processes.Our demonstration of light-correcting light without the need for measurement opens an approach to measurement-free error correction for classical and quantum structured light,with direct applications in imaging,sensing,and communication.

关键词： phase conjugation aberration correction orbital angular momentum nonlinear optics

Arlenea delicata gen.et sp.nov.,a new ephedroid plant from the Early Cretaceous Crato Formation,Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 362-371页

作者： Alita Maria Neves Ribeiro Yong Yang Antonio Alamo Feitosa Saraiva Renan Alfredo Machado Bantim Joao tavares Calixto Junior Flaviana Jorge de Lima Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Diversidade Biologica e Recursos Naturais Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment159 Longpan RoadNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China Laboratorio de Paleontologia Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Laboratorio de Estudos da Flora Regional Universidade Regional do CaririRua Carolino SucupiraPimenta63105-160CratoCearaBrazil Gondwanan Plants Lab Universidade Federal de PernambucoCentro Academico de VitoriaRua Do Alto Reservatorio S/nBela Vista55608-680Vitoria de Santo AntaoPernambucoBrazil Programa de Pos-Graduaçao em Geociencias(PPGEOC) Universidade Federal de Pernambuco(UFPE)Rua Av.da ArquiteturaS/n°CEP-50740-550Cidade UniversitariaRecifePernambucoBrazil

Ephedroid macrofossils have been widely documented in Cretaceous deposits,including numerous from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of NE China.However,few ephedroid macrofossils have been reported from South America.Herein,we describe a new plant of the family Ephedraceae,Arlenea delicata gen.et sp.nov.,from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation of the Araripe Basin,Northeast Brazil,based on the vegetative and reproductive structures.It has the typical morphological characteristics of ephedroid plants,including fertile reproductive branches,opposite phyllotaxy,terminal female cones,a sympodial branching system,longitudinally striated internodes,and swollen nodes.Our new finding is unusual in having inner chlamydosperms subtended by two pairs of bracts,reproductive units connected to branches through swollen receptacles and a smooth seed surface.This new ephedroid taxon from the Crato Formation increases our understanding of plant diversity of this group during the Early Cretaceous.Furthermore,the general morphology(fleshy bracts and enlarged receptacles)of this new fossil discovery indicates that seeds of this plant may have been dispersed by animals such as pterosaurs(mainly the Tapejaridae)and birds(Enantiornithes and Ornituromorpha).If true,this would explain the cosmopolitan distribution of Ephedraceae in the Lower Cretaceous.

关键词： Early Cretaceous Gnetophytes Arlenea delicata Ephedrales Crato Formation

Unsuccessful tuberculosis treatment outcomes across Brazil's geographical landscape before and during the COVID-19 pandemic:are we truly advancing toward the sustainable development/end TB goal?

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 105-106页

作者： Reginaldo Bazon Vaz tavares Thais Zamboni Berra Yan Mathias Alves Marcela Antunes Paschoal Popolin Antonio Carlos Vieira Ramos Ariela Fehr Tartaro Clara Ferreira de Souza Ricardo Alexandre Arcencic Department of Maternal-Infant and Public Health Nursing University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing (USP/RPCN) Ribeirão Preto São Paulo Brazil Federal University of Tocantins Palmas Campus (FUT) Palmas Brazil State University of Minas Gerais Passos Campus (SUMG) Passos Brazil

Background Tuberculosis is one of the most significant infectious diseases for global public health.The reallocation of healthcare resources and the restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic have hindered access to TB diag-nosis and treatment.Increases in unfavorable outcomes of the disease have been observed in Brazil.The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of unfavorable TB treatment outcomes in Brazil before and during the pandemic.Methods An ecological study with spatial analysis was conducted with all 5569 municipalities in Brazil.All reported cases of tuberculosis between January 2010 and December 2021,as well as reported cases of COVID-19 from Febru-ary 2020 to December 2021,were included.The outcomes studied encompass loss to follow-up,drug-resistant tuber-culosis,and death.The Getis Ord GI*technique was employed to assess spatial association,and the Kernel density estimator was used to identify areas with concentrated increases or decreases in outcomes.Bivariate Local Moran's/was used to examine the spatial association between outcomes and cOVID-19 incidence.The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Ribeirao Preto Nursing School,University of Sao Paulo.Results There were 134,394 cases of loss to follow-up,10,270 cases of drug resistance,and 37,863 deaths.Clusters of high and low values were identified for all three outcomes,indicating significant changes in the spatial distribu-tion patterns.Increases in concentrations were observed for lost to follow-up cases in the Southeast,while reductions occurred in the Northeast,South,and Midwest.Drug-resistant tuberculosis experienced an increase in the Southern and Southeastern regions and a decrease in the Northeast and South.TB-related deaths showed notable concentra-tions in the Midwest,Northeast,South,and Southeast.There was an increase in high occurrence clusters for deaths after 2020 and 2021 in the Northeast.Conclusions The pandemic has brought additional challenges,emphasizing the importance of enhancing e

关键词： Tuberculosis COVID-19 Spatial analysis Ecological studies

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Effects on Motor and Non-Motor Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第5期14卷 135-160页

作者： Fayda Protásio Carlos Alberto Bezerra Tomaz Joaquim Brasil-Neto Pedro Brandão Nasser Allam Maria Clotilde Henriques tavares Laboratory of Neuroscience and Behavior Department of Physiological Sciences Institute of Biology University of Braslia Braslia Brazil Master Program in Environment University CEUMA So Lus MA and Faculty of Medicine Euro-American University Center-UNIEURO Braslia Brazil Faculty of Medicine Euro-American University Center-UNIEURO Braslia Brazil NA Neurologistas Associados Braslia Brazil

Introduction: In the last thirty years, brain neuromodulation techniques have been used as an alternative to pharmacological treatment of neurological disorders. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to bradykinesia, rest tremor, postural changes, and non-motor symptoms such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, pain, and cognitive decline that compromises executive functions (EFs), responsible for the orderly execution of behaviors and tasks of daily life and intentional and directed actions. To this date, a few studies with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have shown beneficial effects in PD patients concerning specific motor and non-motor symptoms, targeting the motor cortex and/or prefrontal regions. Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of left prefrontal tDCS across a broad spectrum of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD using established validated scales. Method: Single-blind randomized clinical trial with 18 volunteers with PD, aged between 45 and 80 years (66.1 ± 9.65), who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. Participants were submitted to assessments of motor and non-motor functions employing psychometric scales and tests to evaluate EFs and were randomly divided into two groups: control (sham stimulation) and experimental (active stimulation). All participants were involved in three separate tDCS sessions. The anode was positioned over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the right supraorbital region, with a direct current intensity of 2 mA, lasting 20 minutes. At the end of the three sessions, all participants were reassessed. Results: Significant effects of tDCS on non-motor functions were observed for cognition (verbal fluency of actions, clock copy test, appointment by visual confrontation, and verbal memory with immediate free recall) and subjective assessment of sleep quality (overall restlessness and discomfort in the arms and legs at night, leg and arm cramps at night and distressing dreams).

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Neuromodulation Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation—tDCS Movement Disorders Mood Sleep Cognition

Antioxidants Enzymes Activities and NO Levels in Hemodialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis—A Comparative Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 50-59页

作者： Natalia Cristina Aparecida Ribeiro e Ribeiro Anderson Martins tavares Jaslana Hainfellner da Silva João Paulo Lima Daher Salim Kanaan Luciene de Carvalho Cardoso-Weide Laboratory of Neuroplasticity Neurobiology Department Biology Institute Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil Postgraduate Program in Medical Sciences School of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil School of Biology UNIVERSO—Salgado de Oliveira University Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine Federal Fluminense University Rio de Janeiro Brazil

It consists of a retrospective study with twenty-two individuals diagnosed with DRC: fourteen HD and eight CAPD, followed up in the dialysis center of Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP) of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), between 2015 and 2017. Fifteen healthy control (HC) subjects were included, without diagnosed CKD. Patients with HIV positive, hepatitis A, B, and C, pregnant, cancer, smokers, alcoholics and those exposed to X-rays in the last 3 months, were excluded. Objectives: As oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction may be linked to the higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients, we measured the activities of the antioxidants enzymes: SOD and GPx and total NO levels in the plasma and serum of end-stage CKD patients undergoing dialysis therapy, comparing with the HC group. Methods: Quantification of NO levels was performed by fluorometric kit, while activities of SOD and GPx were determined using kinetic methods. Results: We found higher plasma SOD activity in HD (8.58 U/ml) and CAPD (10.14 U/ml), compared to C (3.73 U/ml) group, while GPx activity was decreased in HD (115.38 nmol/h/ml) and CAPD (122.76 nmol/h/ml) groups compared to HC group (275.83 nmol/h/ml). Total serum NO concentration was decreased in HD (14.09 pmol/μl) and CAPD (10.26 pmol/μl), compared to non-CKD patients (49.65 pmol/μl). Conclusion: Decreased total serum NO and GPx activities may lead to endothelial dysfunction and consequently a higher prevalence of CVD in CKD patients.

关键词： Hemodialysis CAPD SOD GPx NO

Concerns about the application of resistance exercise with blood-flow restriction and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 548-558,F0003页

作者： Hugo de Luca Correa Lysleine Alves Deus Dahan da Cunha Nascimento Nicholas Rolnick Rodrigo Vanerson Passos Neves Andrea Lucena Reis Thais Branquinho de Araujo Carmen Tzanno-Martins Fernanda Silveira tavares Luiz Sinesio Silva Neto Claudio Avelino Rodrigues Santos Paolo Lucas Rodrigues-Silva Fernando Honorato Souza Vitoria Marra da Motta Vilalva Mestrinho Rafael Lavarini dos Santos Rosangela Vieira Andrade Jonato Prestes Thiago dos Santos Rosa Post-graduate Program of Physical Education Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil The Human Performance Mechanic Lehman CollegeNew YorkNY 10011USA Clinical Group Home Dialysis Center and RenalClass Sao Paulo 01239-040Brazil Department of Medicine Catholic University of BrasıliaBrasılia 71966-700Brazil Faculty of Medicine Federal University of TocantinsTocantins 77001-090Brazil Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology Brasılia 70770-917Brazil Graduate Program of Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Brasılia 71966-700Brazil

Background:Hemodialysis(HD)per se is a risk factor for thrombosis.Considering the growing body of evidence on blood-flow restriction(BFR)exercise in HD patients,identification of possible risk factors related to the prothrombotic agent D-dimer is required for the safety and feasibility of this training model.The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with higher D-dimer levels and to determine the acute effect of resistance exercise(RE)with BFR on this molecule.Methods:Two hundred and six HD patients volunteered for this study(all with a glomerular filtration rate of70 years old),and HD vintage.Furthermore,RE+BFR significantly increases D-dimer after 4 h.Patients with borderline baseline D-dimer levels(400-490 ng/mL)displayed increased risk of elevating D-dimer over the normal range(-500 ng/mL).Conclusion:These results identified factors associated with a heightened prothrombotic state and may assist in the screening process for HD patients who wish to undergo RE+BFR.D-dimer and/or other fibrinolysis factors should be assessed at baseline and throughout the protocol as a precautionary measure to maximize safety during RE+BFR.

关键词： Blood-flow restriction Chronic kidney disease Coagulation Hemodialysis Vascular occlusion exercises

Nonlinear optics with structured light

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2022年第6期5卷 1-19页

作者： Wagner tavares Buono Andrew Forbes School of Physics University of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag 3Johannesburg 2050South Africa.

The interest in tailoring light in all its degrees of freedom is steadily gaining traction,driven by the tremendous developments in the toolkit for the creation,control and detection of what is now called structured light.Because the complexity of these optical fields is generally understood in terms of interference,the tools have historically been linear optical elements that create the desired superpositions.For this reason,despite the long and impressive history of nonlinear optics,only recently has the spatial structure of light in nonlinear processes come to the fore.In this review we provide a concise theoretical framework for understanding nonlinear optics in the context of structured light,offering an overview and perspective on the progress made,and the challenges that remain.

关键词： wave mixing parametric conversion high harmonic generation structured light photonic crystals holography nonlinear optics second harmonic generation metasurfaces

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全球蜂胶专利分布和市场分析

中国蜂业 2024年第5期75卷 49-51页

作者：罗照明(编译) 孟丽峰(编译) 中国蜂产品协会北京100050 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所北京100093

一、引言过去几年,由于消费者需求旺盛,基于蜂胶的新专利和天然产品逐步增加。目前,全球各大洲已有超过4500项注册的蜂胶专利。对于一个天然产品来说,这是相当大量的专利,尤其是考虑到全球范围内对此类专利的激励措施直到上世纪90年代... 详细信息

一、引言过去几年,由于消费者需求旺盛,基于蜂胶的新专利和天然产品逐步增加。目前,全球各大洲已有超过4500项注册的蜂胶专利。对于一个天然产品来说,这是相当大量的专利,尤其是考虑到全球范围内对此类专利的激励措施直到上世纪90年代末才开始出现。涉及蜂胶专利数量之多,不仅是因为市场增长所致,还与对这种天然产品的研究增加、生产和技术进步有关。

关键词：蜂胶激励措施专利分布全球范围专利数量消费者市场