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Analysis of Daily Rainfall in São Carlos/SP, Brazil over 1979-2017 Using Laplace Trend Test

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第7期8卷 104-125页

作者： Rafael Grecco Sanches bruno César Dos Santos Rodrigo Sanches Miani Gustavo Zen de Figueiredo Neves Mauricio Sanches Duarte Silva adriano rogério bruno tech São Carlos School of Engineering Program in Environmental Engineering Sciences University of S&#227o Paulo (USP) Sao Car-los Sao Paulo Brazil School of Computer Science Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU) Uberlandia Minas Gerais Brazil Department of Animal Science and Food Engineering University of Sao Paulo (USP) Sao Paulo Brazil

Rainfall expresses one of the most complex climate factors in Southeastern Brazil. Understanding the dynamics and temporal trends of rainfall represents a significant challenge due to regional and even global mechanisms, such as FS (Frontal Systems) and the SACZ (South Atlantic Convergence Zone), and the interaction with the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The present study aimed at analyzing the pluviometric tendencies in São Carlos/SP, in the countryside of São Paulo State. Laplace trend test was used to comprehend the temporal evolution of daily rainfall in the region in the historical series 1979-2017, in seven pluviometric stations (climatological or surface stations). Significant fluctuations in interannual trends and between seasons were observed. However, it was noted that the beginning of the 1980s showed positive trends, whereas, as of the year 2000, most of the stations demonstrated negative trends, indicating a reduction in daily rainfall volume due to the great tropical climatic variability of Brazil. Emphasis should also be given to the regional and local effects, such as elevation and urbanization, respectively, which corroborate such differences among the analyzed stations. This methodology is of considerable value for the observation of pluviometric trends, and future studies can validate such a tool in climatological studies.

关键词： Tropical Climatology Climate Variability Rainfall Trends Statistical Tool Laplace Trend Test

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Intense Rainfall in São Carlos/SP: Determination of Threshold Values Using Climate Indices and Their Spatio-Temporal Repercussion

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American Journal of Climate Change 2018年第3期7卷 388-401页

作者： Rafael Grecco Sanches Gustavo Zen de Figueiredo Neves bruno Cesar dos Santos Maurício Sanches Duarte Silva Diego Narciso Buarque Pereira adriano rogério bruno tech Sã o Carlos School of Engineering University of S&#227 o Paulo (USP) S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Department of Animal Science and Food Engineering University of S&#227 o Paulo (USP) S&#227 o Paulo Brazil

The intense and extreme rains in southeastern Brazil are spatially and temporally dynamic, corroborating their substantial complexity regarding understanding and associations. Therefore, the present study aimed at determining threshold values for events of intense and extreme rainfall in the region of São Carlos/SP using a climatic index, as well as temporal and spatial observations. The RClimdex script, Rnn index, and the detection of outliers were employed in order to mark and establish intense and extreme rainfall thresholds for the region. Values of 10 mm and 20 mm of rain were considered typical and of greater recurrence, and their incidence over a period of 24 hours did not necessarily denote intense events. In turn, values of 35, 46, and 60 mm indicate pluviometric rates that impact on significant disasters, as verified in the IPMET/UNESP natural disasters database. It is important to emphasize that values below 60 mm of daily rainfall may also indicate disaster contexts. However, they do not exclude the necessity to verify the intensity, duration, and frequency of intense rain events, and can delineate thresholds for territorial management organizations in their planning.

关键词： Climatology Tropical Climatology Statistical Climatology Intense Raining Extreme Events

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Thermal Response to Heat in Buildings with Green Covers for Tropical Climate： Green Facades and Green Roofs

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第8期10卷 919-931页

作者： Nuria Perez Gallardo Gustavo Zen de Figueiredo Neves adriano rogerio bruno tech Francisco Arthur da Silva Vecchia School of Engineering University of S6o Paulo S6o Carlos 13566-590 Brazil

The main aims of this paper were to study and demonstrate the benefits the plant systems can provide indoors in a critical heat day. This study proposed an experimental method to try to understand the thermal response to heat of four different systems： a prototype called control （no vegetation） and three with different combinations of vegetation （green roofs and green facades） installed in a tropical climate region. The experiments were developed in four test cells with dimensions 2.0 m × 2.50 m× 2.71 m. Measurements of internal surface temperatures and internal air temperatures were collected with the use of specific equipment, a data logger （CR1000, Campbell Scientific Inc.）, connected with two multiplexers 32 channels （416AM Campbell Scientific Inc.）. Data were recorded over a year and a critical day heat was selected, which was September 24, *** results show that the use of plant systems in buildings establishes a passive technique in reducing energy consumption because of the high incidence of summer solar radiation which is reduced and simultaneously, it maintains thermal internal conditions more pleasant than external ones, because of the best thermal behaviour, which was observed in the test cell with vegetation on both roofs and facades. The biggest difference between maximum internal air temperatures registered was 2 ℃.

关键词： Green facades green roof thermal comfort bioclimatic architecture.

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Thermal Behaviour in Buildings with Green Covers Combined with Natural Ventilation, Green Facades and Green Roofs

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2016年第10期10卷 1131-1143页

作者： Nuria Perez Gallardo Mauricio Sanches Duarte Silva Gustavo Zen de Figueiredo Neves adriano rogerio bruno tech Francisco Arthur da Silva Vecchia School of Engineering University of Sao Paul Sao Carlo 13566-590 Brazil Department Zootechnics Science and Food Engineering School of Engineering University of Sao Paulo Sao Carlo 13566-590Brazil

The main aim of this paper was to study the influence of ventilation during a typical experimental day, in the internal air temperature as well as in internal surface temperatures under the conditions of the outer environment, using an experimental method which allows a comparison of the thermal performance between four cell tests： a prototype called control （no vegetation） and three with different combinations of vegetation （roofs and facades） installed in a region of tropical climate. The experiments were developed in four test cells with dimensions 2.0 m × 2.50 m × 2.7 m. Measurements of internal surface temperatures and internal air temperatures were collected with the use of specific equipment, a data logger （CR1000, Campbell Scientific Inc.）, connected with two multiplexers 32 channels （416AM Campbell Scientific Inc.）. Data were recorded over a year and a typical heat day was selected, which was September 24, 2015. The results show that ventilation affects the internal temperature of the air, so that this gets even surpass the external temperature. Regarding surface temperatures, increased temperature, except those which are provided with vegetation, namely, the surfaces which have green walls and green roofs file the lower temperatures. Therefore, we can confirm the ability of vegetation to maintain more pleasant internal conditions compared to the test cells built with conventional materials, thus it can reduce cooling load efficiency.

关键词： Green facades green roof natural ventilation thermal performance bioclimatic architecture.

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Characterization of porous cobalt hexacyanoferrate and activated carbon electrodes under dynamic polarization conditions in a sodium-ion pseudocapacitor

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 53-62页

作者： bruno Morandi Pires Willian Goncalves Nunes bruno Guilherme Freitas Francisca Elenice Rodrigues Oliveira Vera Katic Cristiane Barbieri Rodella Leonardo Morais Da Silva Hudson Zanin Advanced Energy Storage Division Manufacturing CroupCarbon Sci-Tech LabsCenter for Innovation on New EnergiesUniversity of CampinasCampinas 13083-852SPBrazil Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory(LNLS/Brazilian Center of Energy and Materiab(CNPEM)) Campinas 13083-970SPBrazil Department of Chemistry Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied ElectrochemistryFederal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri's VatleyAlto dajacuba 39100-000Diamantina-MGBrazil

We report here the activated carbon and cobalt hexacyanoferrate composite,which is applied as the electrode materials in symmetric supercapacitors containing a 1.0 M Na_(2)SO_(4) aqueous *** novel material combines high specific surface area and electrochemical stability of activated carbon with the redox properties of cobalt hexacyanoferrate,resulting in maximum specific capacitance of 329 F g^(-1) with large voltage working window of 2.0 *** studies indicated that cobalt hexacyanoferrate introduces important pseudocapacitive properties accounting for the overall charge-storage process,especially when I<0.5 A g^(-1).At lower gravimetric currents(e.g.,0.05 A g^(-1))and up to 1.0 V,the presence of cobalt hexacyanoferrate improves the specific energy for more than 300%.In addition,to better understanding the energy storage process we also provided a careful investigation of the electrode materials under dynamic polarization conditions using the in situ Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron light Xray diffraction *** complementary findings were obtained in these *** believe that this novel electrode material is promising for applications regarding the energy-storage process in pseudocapacitors with long lifespan properties.

关键词： Operando studies Raman XRD synchrotron light Cobalt hexacyanoferrate Activated carbon High specific capacitance

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Advances in Wireless,Batteryless,Implantable Electronics for Real‑Time,Continuous Physiological Monitoring

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 254-302页

作者： Hyeonseok Kim bruno Rigo Gabriella Wong Yoon Jae Lee Woon‑Hong Yeo IEN Center for Wearable Intelligent Systems and Healthcare Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA George W.Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA Wallace H.Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering Georgia Tech and Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30332USA Parker H.Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences Institute for MaterialsInstitute for Robotics and Intelligent MachinesGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA 30332USA

This review summarizes recent progress in developing wireless,batteryless,fully implantable biomedical devices for real-time continuous physiological signal monitoring,focusing on advancing human health *** considerations,such as biological constraints,energy sourcing,and wireless communication,are discussed in achieving the desired performance of the devices and enhanced interface with human *** addition,we review the recent achievements in materials used for developing implantable systems,emphasizing their importance in achieving multi-functionalities,biocompatibility,and *** wireless,batteryless devices offer minimally invasive device insertion to the body,enabling portable health monitoring and advanced disease ***,we summarize the most recent practical applications of advanced implantable devices for human health care,highlighting their potential for immediate commercialization and clinical uses.

关键词： Implantable electronics Biomedical systems Batteryless devices Wireless electronics Physiological signal monitoring

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Bone marrow mononuclear cells for joint therapy: The role of macrophages in inflammation resolution and tissue repair

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第7期13卷 825-840页

作者： bruno C Menarim James N MacLeod Linda A Dahlgren Gluck Equine Research Center Department of Veterinary ScienceCollege of AgricultureFood and EnvironmentUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40546United States Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary MedicineVirginia TechBlacksburgVA 24060United States

Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most prevalent joint disease causing major disability and medical *** is a central feature of OA and is primarily driven by *** macrophages not only drive inflammation but also its resolution,through a coordinated,simultaneous expression of pro-and anti-inflammatory mechanisms that are essential to counteract damage and recover *** OA therapies are largely based on anti-inflammatory principles and therefore block pro-inflammatory mechanisms such as prostaglandin E2 and Nuclear factor-kappa B signaling ***,such mechanisms are also innately required for mounting a pro-resolving response,and their blockage often results in chronic low-grade *** minor injury,macrophages shield the damaged area and drive tissue *** the damage is more extensive,macrophages incite inflammation recruiting more macrophages from the bone marrow to maximize tissue repair and ultimately resolve ***,sustained damage and inflammation often overwhelms pro-resolving mechanisms of synovial macrophages leading to the chronic inflammation and related tissue degeneration observed in ***,experimental and clinical studies have shown that joint injection with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells replenishes inflamed joints with macrophage and hematopoietic progenitors,enhancing mechanisms of inflammation resolution,providing remarkable and long-lasting *** creating an ideal environment for resolution with high concentrations of interleukin-10 and anabolic growth factors,macrophage progenitors also have a direct role in tissue *** constitute a large part of the early granulation tissue,and further transdifferentiate from myeloid into a mesenchymal *** cells,characterized as fibrocytes,are essential for repairing osteochondral ***“omics”studies focused on identifying key drivers of macrophagemediated resolution of j

关键词： Osteoarthritis Arthropathy Synovitis Hematopoietic progenitor Homeostasis Cell therapy

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Advancements,strategies,and prospects of solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs):Towards enhanced performance and large-scale sustainable hydrogen production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 688-715页

作者： Amina Lahrichi Youness El Issmaeli Shankara S.Kalanur bruno G.Pollet Green Hydrogen Lab(GH2Lab) Hydrogen Research Institute(HRI)Universitédu QuébecàTrois-Rivières(UQTR)3351 boulevard des ForgesTrois-RivièresQuébec G9A 5H7Canada

Solid oxide electrolysis cells(SOECs)represent a crucial stride toward sustainable hydrogen generation,and this review explores their current scientific challenges,significant advancements,and potential for large-scale hydrogen *** SOEC technology,the application of innovative fabrication tech-niques,doping strategies,and advanced materials has enhanced the performance and durability of these systems,although degradation challenges persist,implicating the prime focus for future *** we provide in-depth analysis of the recent developments in SOEC technology,including Oxygen-SOECs,Proton-SOECs,and ***,Hybrid-SOECs,with their mixed ionic conducting electrolytes,demonstrate superior efficiency and the concurrent production of hydrogen and *** with the capacity to harness waste heat,these advancements in SOEC technology present signif-icant promise for pilot-scale applications in *** review also highlights remarkable achieve-ments and potential reductions in capital expenditure for future SOEC systems,while elaborating on the micro and macro aspects of sOECs with an emphasis on ongoing research for optimization and *** concludes with the potential of SOEC technology to meet various industrial energy needs and its significant contribution considering the key research priorities to tackle the global energy demands,ful-fillment,and decarbonization efforts.

关键词： Solid oxide electrolysis cells Proton-SOECs Oxygen-SoECs Hybrid-SOECs Intermediate-high temperature electrolysers Hydrogenproduction

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To compute or not to compute?

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第1期6卷 85-93页

作者： Alessandra Fiore Ivo Vanzi Camillo Nuti Cristoforo Demartino Rita Greco bruno Briseghella Department of Engineering and Geology University of Chieti-Pescara "G.d'Annunzio" DICAR Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture Polytechnic University of Bari College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou University Department of Architecture Roma Tre University College of Civil Engineering Nanjing Tech University DICAtech Department of Civil Engineering Environment Territory Building and Chemical Polytechnic University of Bari

In a previous paper "to retrofit or not to retrofit?"(Nuti and Vanzi, 2003) a straightforward procedure able to forecast the economic return of seismic structural upgrading was presented. More recently, the authors realized that the final mathematical results can be much simplified so as to allow back-of-an-envelope computation. The title of this paper tries to highlight precisely this aspect, namely that for many a regular seismic structural upgrading cases, nearly no computation is needed(apart from one subtraction and one multiplication) to assess their economic convenience. These findings are presented and discussed in this paper, together with a state of the art on the cost-studies available in literature and technical codes. The mathematical formulation leading to the proposed approximation is suitably explained, underlining its applicability field and comparing it with the rigorous solution. Also a table and a formula are furnished that alternatively allows to calculate the maximum estimation errors, in order to obtain an upper and lower bound for the maximum amount of money which should be allocated for seismic structural upgrading.

关键词： Seismic retrofitting Structural reliability Safety Optimization Cost minimization

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Evaluation of Thermal Effect of PCM Wallboards by Coupling Simplified Phase Change Model with Design Tool

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Journal of Building Construction and Planning Research 2014年第1期2卷 12-29页

作者： Alain Guiavarch Denis Bruneau bruno Peuportier Centre Energétique et Procédés MINES Paris Tech Paris France Département TREFLE Institut de Mécanique et d’Ingénierie de Bordeaux Talence France

A simplified PCM wallboard model is coupled to an existing design-oriented model of multi-zone buildings. Using a reference model and a basic simulation configuration, the accuracy of the resulting PCM wallboard-building thermal design tool is evaluated. A new performance indicator, called PCM utilization factor, is then proposed in order to estimate the thermal efficiency of using PCM wallboards in buildings. Using this PCM Utilization factor and a degrees-hours indicator, the ability of the PCM wallboard-building thermal design tool to evaluate the effect of PCM wallboards on heating loads and summer thermal comfort in the early design phase of a project is examined in two real case studies: a family house project and an existing office building. The user-friendliness of this design tool, and the short calculation times it leads to when performing a year-long simulation using a standard office computer, make it a well-adapted tool for sensibility studies or multi-criterion optimization for buildings that contain PCM wallboards.

关键词： Phase Change Material Wallboard Thermal Model Dynamic Simulation Summer Comfort Design Tools

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