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The Role of Combination Therapy with Visudyne Photodynamic Therapy & Lucentis in Exudative AMD

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The Role of Combination Therapy with Visudyne Photodynamic T...

Increasing the Maximum Capacity Path in a Network and Its Application for Improving the Connection Between Two Routers

中国眼底病论坛·全国眼底病专题学术研讨会

作者： adrian koh

There has been a paradigm shift in the management of exuda- tive(wet)AMD from laser photocoagulation to Visudyne photody- namic therapy,intravitreal steroids and more recently anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)*** current standard of care is monthly intravitreal Lucentis(ranibizumab)injections for all forms of exduative AMD,regardless of lesion *** the efficacy and safety profile of Lucentis monotherapy has been re- markably impressive,there are concerns over long-term safety and cost.

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第3期29卷 753-765页

作者： adrian M.Deaconu Javad Tayyebi Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Transilvania University of BrasovBrasov 500036Romania Department of Industrial Engineering Birjand University of TechnologyBirjand 000097Iran

Abstract:This paper addresses the problem of improving the optimal value of the Maximum Capacity Path(MCP)through expansion in a flexible network,and minimizing the involved *** only condition applied to the cost functions is to be non-decreasing *** is a non-restrictive condition,reflecting the reality in practice,and is considered for the first time in the ***,the total cost of expansion is a combination of max-type cost(e.g.,for supervision)and sum-type cost(*** building infrastructures,price of materials,price of labor,etc.).For this purpose,two types of strategies are combined:(l)increasing the capacity of the existing arcs,and(l)adding potential new *** different problems are introduced and *** the problems have immediate applications in Internet routing *** first one is to extend the network,so that the capacity of an McP in the modified network becomes equal to a prescribed value,therefore the cost of modifications is minimized.A strongly polynomial-time algorithm is deduced to solve this *** second problem is a network expansion under a budget constraint,so that the capacity of an McP is maximized.A weakly polynomial-time algorithm is presented to deal with *** the special case when all the costs are linear,a Meggido's parametric search technique is used to develop an algorithm for solving the problem in strongly polynomial *** new approach has a time complexity of O(n^(4)),which is better than the time complexity of O(n4 log(n)of the previously known method from literature.

关键词： Maximum Capacity Path(MCP) network expansion Internet routing polynomial-time algorithms

The concept of gene therapy for glaucoma:the dream that has not come true yet

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 92-99页

作者： Robert Sulak Xiaonan Liu adrian Smedowski Department of Physiology Faculty of Medical Sciences in KatowiceMedical University of Silesia in KatowiceKatowicePoland Institute of Biotechnology HiLIFEUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland GlaucoTech Co. KatowicePoland

Gene therapies,despite of being a relatively new therapeutic approach,have a potential to become an important alternative to current treatment strategies in *** glaucoma is not considered a single gene disease,the identified goals of gene therapy would be rather to provide neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells,especially,in intraocular-pressure-independent *** most commonly reported type of vector for gene delivery in glaucoma studies is adeno-associated virus serotype 2 that has a high tro pism to retinal ganglion cells,res ulting in long-term expression and low immunogenic *** gene thera py studies recruit inducible and genetic animal models of optic neuropathy,like DBA/2J mice model of high-tension glaucoma and the optic nerve *** gene therapy-based neuroprotection of retinal ganglion cells is targeting specific genes translating to growth factors(i.e.,brain derived neurotrophic factor,and its receptor TrkB),regulation of apoptosis and neurodegeneration(i.e.,Bcl-xl,Xiap,FAS system,nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferase 2,Digit3 and Sarm1),immunomodulation(i.e.,Crry,C3 complement),modulation of neuroinflammation(i.e.,e rythropoietin),reduction of excitotoxicity(i.e.,Com KIlα)and transcription regulation(i.e.,Max,Nrf2).On the other hand,some of gene therapy studies focus on lowering intra ocular pressure,by impacting genes involved in both,decreasing aqueous humor production(i.e.,aquaporin 1),and increasing outflow facility(i.e.,COX2,prostaglandin F2a receptor,RhoA/RhoA kinase signaling pathway,MMP1,Myocilin).The goal of this review is to summarize the current stateof-art and the direction of development of gene therapy strategies for glaucomatous neuropathy.

关键词： adeno-associated virus gene editing gene therapy glaucoma IOP lowering IOP-independent mechanisms neuroprotection optic nerve optic neuropathy retinal ganglion cells

Guidelines from an expert panel for the management of diabetic macular edema in the Malaysian population

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第5期16卷 712-720页

作者： Nor Fariza Ngah Nor Asiah Muhamad Shelina Oli Mohamed Roslin Azni Abdul Aziz Nur Hasnah Ma’amor Nor Azita Ahmad Tarmidzi Hanizasurana Hashim Hamisah Ishak Wan Norliza Wan Muda Rosiah Muda Azian Adnan Rafidah Md Saleh Wong Hon Seng Nurfahzura Mohd Jamil Tara Mary George adrian koh Institute for Clinical Research National Institutes of HealthMinistry of HealthSelangor 40170Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Shah Alam HospitalMinistry of HealthSelangor 40000Malaysia Sector for Evidence-based Healthcare National Institutes of HealthMinistry of HealthSelangor 40170Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Kuala Lumpur HospitalMinistry of HealthFederal Territory 50586Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Selayang HospitalMinistry of HealthSelangor 61800Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Tengku Ampuan Afzan HospitalMinistry of HealthPahang 25100Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Sultanah Nur Zahirah HospitalMinistry of HealthKuala Terengganu 20400Malaysia KPJ Selangor Specialist Hospital Selangor 40300Malaysia Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Hospital Selangor 43400Malaysia Gleneagles Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory 50450Malaysia Department of Ophthalmology Sungai Buloh HospitalMinistry of HealthSelangor 47000Malaysia Sunway Medical Centre Selangor 47500Malaysia Camden Medical Centre Singapore 248649Singapore

AIM:To derive a Malaysia guideline and consensus as part of the Malaysia Retina Group's efforts for diagnosis,treatment,and best practices of diabetic macular edema(DME).The experts'panel suggests that the treatment algorithm to be divided into groups according to involvement the central *** purpose of DME therapy is to improve edema and achieve the best visual results with the least amount of treatment ***:On two different occasions,a panel of 14 retinal specialists from Malaysia,together with an external expert,responded to a questionnaire on management of DME.A consensus was sought by voting after compiling,analyzing and discussion on first-phase replies on the round table discussion.A recommendation was deemed to have attained consensus when 12 out of the 14 panellists(85%)agreed with ***:The terms target response,adequate response,nonresponse,and inadequate response were developed when the DME patients'treatment responses were first *** panelists reached agreement on a number of DME treatment-related issues,including the need to classify patients prior to treatment,firstline treatment options,the right time to switch between treatment modalities,and side effects associated with *** this agreement,recommendations were derived and a treatment algorithm was ***:A detail and comprehensive treatment algorithm by Malaysia Retina Group for the Malaysian population provides guidance for treatment allocation of patients with DME.

关键词： diabetic macular edema guidelines consensus diabetic retinopathy Malaysia

Evaluating different levels of information on the calibration of building energy simulation models

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Building Simulation 2024年第4期17卷 657-676页

作者： Siyu Cheng Zeynep Duygu Tekler Hongyuan Ji Wenxin Li adrian Chong Department of the Built Environment College of Design and EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Architecture DriveSingapore117566Singapore School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing210096China

A poorly calibrated model undermines confidence in the effectiveness of building energy simulation, impeding the widespread application of advanced energy conservation measures (ECMs). Striking a balance between information-gathering efforts and achieving sufficient model credibility is crucial but often obscured by ambiguities. To address this gap, we model and calibrate a test bed with different levels of information (LOI). Beginning with an initial model based on building geometry (LOI 1), we progressively introduce additional information, including nameplate information (LOI 2), envelope conductivity (LOI 3), zone infiltration rate (LOI 4), AHU fan power (LOI 5), and HVAC data (LOI 6). The models are evaluated for accuracy, consistency, and the robustness of their predictions. Our results indicate that adding more information for calibration leads to improved data fit. However, this improvement is not uniform across all observed outputs due to identifiability issues. Furthermore, for energy-saving analysis, adding more information can significantly affect the projected energy savings by up to two times. Nevertheless, for ECM ranking, models that did not meet ASHRAE 14 accuracy thresholds can yield correct retrofit decisions. These findings underscore equifinality in modeling complex building systems. Clearly, predictive accuracy is not synonymous with model credibility. Therefore, to balance efforts in information-gathering and model reliability, it is crucial to (1) determine the minimum level of information required for calibration compatible with its intended purpose and (2) calibrate models with information closely linked to all outputs of interest, particularly when simultaneous accuracy for multiple outputs is necessary.

关键词： calibration building energy simulation(BES) energy conservation measure(ECM) level of information field measurements

Single-atom catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into hydrocarbons and oxygenates

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Carbon Energy 2024年第3期6卷 64-117页

作者： Karl adrian Gandionco Juwon Kim Lieven Bekaert Annick Hubin Jongwoo Lim Department of Chemistry Seoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering(SURF) Department of Materials and ChemistryVrije Universiteit BrusselBrusselsBelgium

The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide offers a sound and economically viable technology for the electrification and decarbonization of the chemical and fuel *** this technology,an electrocatalytic material and renewable energy-generated electricity drive the conversion of carbon dioxide into high-value chemicals and carbon-neutral *** the past few years,single-atom catalysts have been intensively studied as they could provide near-unity atom utilization and unique catalytic ***-atom catalysts have become one of the state-of-the-art catalyst materials for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into carbon ***,it remains a challenge for single-atom catalysts to facilitate the efficient conversion of carbon dioxide into products beyond carbon *** this review,we summarize and present important findings and critical insights from studies on the electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction into hydrocarbons and oxygenates using single-atom *** is hoped that this review gives a thorough recapitulation and analysis of the science behind the catalysis of carbon dioxide into more reduced products through singleatom catalysts so that it can be a guide for future research and development on catalysts with industry-ready performance for the electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide into high-value chemicals and carbon-neutral fuels.

关键词： electrocatalysis electrochemical CO_(2)reduction hydrocarbons oxygenates single-atom catalysts

Modeling mitochondria,where are the numbers?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1435-1436页

作者： adrian M.Davies Alan G.Holt University Center Shrewsbury ShrewsburyShropshireUK

Models and simulations are particularly useful for exploring ideas and concepts in the biological sciences that are expe rimentally *** silico methods are also gaining acceptance with regulatory authorities as an alte... 详细信息

关键词： eliminate authorities acceptance

A Distributionally Robust Optimization Scheduling Model for Regional Integrated Energy Systems Considering Hot Dry Rock Co-Generation

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第8期140卷 1387-1404页

作者： Hao Qi Mohamed Sharaf Andres Annuk adrian Ilinca Mohamed A.Mohamed College of Electrical and New Energy China Three Gorges UniversityYichang443002China Department of Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia Institute of Forestry and Engineering Estonian University of Life SciencesTartu51006Estonia Department of Mechanical Engineering école de Technologie SupérieureMontréalQC H3C 1K3Canada Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringMinia UniversityMinia61519Egypt

Hot dry rock(HDR)is rich in reserve,widely distributed,green,low-carbon,and has broad development potential and *** this paper,a distributionally robust optimization(DRO)scheduling model for a regionally integrated energy system(RIES)considering HDR co-generation is ***,the HDR-enhanced geothermal system(HDR-EGS)is introduced into the ***-EGS realizes the thermoelectric decoupling of combined heat and power(CHP)through coordinated operation with the regional power grid and the regional heat grid,which enhances the system wind power(WP)feed-in ***,peak-hour loads are shifted using price demand response guidance in the context of time-of-day ***,the optimization objective is established to minimize the total cost in the RIES scheduling cycle and construct a DRO scheduling model for RIES with *** simulating a real small-scale RIES,the results show that HDR-EGS can effectively promote WP consumption and reduce the operating cost of the system.

关键词： Energy harvesting integrated energy systems optimum scheduling time-of-use pricing demand response geothermal energy

Accuracy of tree mapping based on hand-held laser scanning comparing leaf-on and leaf-off conditions in mixed forests

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JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH 2024年第1期35卷 1-12页

作者： Tupinamba-Simoes, Frederico Pascual, adrian Guerra-Hernandez, Juan Ordonez, Cristobal de Conto, Tiago Bravo, Felipe Univ Valladolid Sustainable Forest Management Res Inst IuFOR Valladolid Spain INIA Valladolid Spain Univ Maryland Dept Geog Sci College Pk MD 20742 USA Univ Lisbon Forest Res Ctr Sch Agr P-1349017 Lisbon Portugal

The use of mobile laser scanning to survey forest ecosystems is a promising, scalable technology to describe forest 3D structures at high resolution. To confirm the consistency in the retrieval of forest structural parameters using hand-held laser scanning (HLS), before operationalizing the method, confirming the data is crucial. We analyzed the performance of tree-level mapping based on HLS under different phenology conditions on a mixed forest in western Spain comprising Pinus pinaster and two deciduous species, Alnus glutinosa and Quercus pyrenaica. The area was surveyed twice during the growing season (July 2022) and once in the deciduous season (February 2022) using several scanning paths. Ground reference data (418 trees, 15 snags) was used to calibrate the HLS data and to assess the influence of phenology when converting 3D data into tree-level attributes (DBH, height and volume). The HLS-based workflow was robust at isolating tree positions and recognizing stems despite changes in phenology. Ninety-six percent of all pairs matched below 65 cm. For DBH, phenology barely altered estimates. We observed a strong agreement when comparing HLS-based tree height distributions. The values exceeded 2 m when comparing height measurements, confirming height data should be carefully used as reference in remote sensing-based inventories, especially for deciduous species. Tree volume was more precise for pines (r = 0.95, and relative RMSE = 21.3 -23.8%) compared to deciduous species (r = 0.91 -0.96, and relative RMSE = 27.3-30.5%). HLS data and the forest structural complexity tool performed remarkably, especially in tree positioning considering mixed forests and mixed phenology conditions.

关键词： Precision forestry Forest monitoring Mobile laser scanning Forest inventory STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY TERRESTRIAL INVENTORY LIDAR DEFINITION