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Quartz dissolution in a single phase-high pH Berea sandstone via alkaline injection

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Energy Geoscience 2021年第3期2卷 181-188页

作者： Abdullah Musa ali Mohammed Yerima Kwaya abubakar Mijinyawa Department of Geology Bayero University Kano(BUK)KanoNigeria

A common assertion is that alkaline solution aids oil mobilization by generating in situ soap,or by lowering interfacial tension(IFT)to ultra-low values in synergy with *** study takes a different approach that involves the alkaline dissolution of detrital quartz grains of sandstone reservoirs to create pathways for oil migration and *** dissolution via alkaline injection will result in changes in permeability and *** study performed high-pH core flooding on Berea sandstones using core displacement *** molybdate spectrophotometry was applied to measure the amount of dissolved *** and confining pressure variations were also *** molar concentration of NaOH varied at 0.5 M and 1.0 *** results show higher initial silica dissolution for 0.5 M NaOH(˃200mg/L)compared to 1.0 M NaOH(20 mg/L),which can be attributed to the presence of pre-existing dissolved silica and precipitates in the system prior to the first injection ***,a steady quartz dissolution rate of 0.4 mg/L/hr for 20 h was only achieved at 1.0 ***,an abrupt drop in quartz dissolution to below 0 mg/L was recorded for 0.5 M NaOH after 3 h of *** higher molar concentration of injected alkaline solution,both confining and inlet pressures increased from 8 and 5 bars to 12 and 11 bars as a result of the increased secondary phase of(hydr)oxides or precipitates in the ***,it can be inferred that the effect of alkaline solution on quartz dissolution is strongly dependent on molar concentration.

关键词： Alkaline injection Core flooding Dissolved silica Quartz Petroleum recovery

CO_(2)utilization in syngas conversion to dimethyl ether and aromatics:Roles and challenges of zeolites-based catalysts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第4期79卷 418-449页

作者： ali A.Al-Qadri Galal A.Nasser Haruna adamu Oki Muraza Tawfik A.Saleh Department of Chemical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage(IRC-HES) King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Environmental Management Technology and Department of ChemistryAbubakar Tafawa Balewa UniversityBauchiNigeria Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia

Several studies have proven a strong correlation between global warming and CO_(2)***,38 billion tons of CO_(2)are approximately emitted into the *** CO_(2)via chemical conversion to clean fuels and value-added aromatics can substantially contribute to controlling the *** the thermodynamic and environmental limitations of hydrogenation of CO_(2)alone to value-added aromatics and fuels,CO_(2)utilization has currently emerged as a promising and practical approach for the production of fuels and aromatics with simultaneous utilization of both CO and CO_(2)*** such,the approach is economically ***_(2)could be converted directly to fuels by the hydrogenation process or as a part of a syngas *** ether(DME)is a clean fuel with a higher energy density,which could be used as a substituent for several fuels such as *** the same vein,value-added aromatics such as benzene,toluene,and xylene(BTX)can be produced from a similar ***,we report a review that collects the most recent studies for the conversion of CO_(2)to DME and aromatics via zeolite-based bifunctional *** highlighted the main routes for producing DME and aromatics,as well as thoroughly discussed the conducted studies on CO_(2)hydrogenation and CO_(2)-rich syngas utilized as feedstock for conversion to DME and *** CO_(2)hydrogenation mostly occurs through the methanol-mediated reaction route but is most often limited by low selectivity and catalyst deactivation,particularly in the utilization of CO_(2)alone for the reduction *** review takes an overview of the progress made so far and concluded by identifying the roles and challenges of zeolite-based catalysts for CO_(2)utilization and conversion to DME and ***,despite the incredible growth the field received in the last couple of years,however,many research challenges and opportunities associated with this process are still abou

关键词： Clean fuel DME Aromatics Bifunctional catalyst CO_(2)mitigation

Geotechnical forensic investigation of a slope failure on silty clay soil--A case study

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020年第2期14卷 501-517页

作者： Mohammad abubakar NAVEED Zulfiqar ali Abdul QADIR Umar Naveed LATIF Saad HAMID Umar SARWAR Military College of Engineering National University of Sciences and TechnologyRisalpur 24080Pakistan School of Civil Environmental and Mining EngineeringThe University of AdelaideAdelaibe 5096Australia

Qila Bala Hisar is one of the noteworthy places of Peshawar,Khyber *** fort was constructed on a flled ground during the 18th century and it was renovated several times by the occupants ever ***,due to an earthquake of magnitude 7.3,the upper part of the south-western wall of the fort *** collapse of the wall was attributed to the failure of the retained *** research was undertaken to characterize the slope material,study causal factors of failure and evaluate remedial *** investigation involved conventional field and laboratory testing and geophysical investigation using electrical resistivity technique to evaluate the nature of ***,X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to study the slope material at a molecular level to evaluate the existence of swelling *** analysis has shown that excessive seepage of water caused by the poor maintenance of runoff and sewage drains is the causal factor triggered by the seismic event.A remedial strategy involving soil nails,micro piles and improvement of the surface drainage is recommended.

关键词： forensic geotechnical investigation slope failure slope analysis finite element method numerical analysis seismic loading Qila Bala Hisar

Postnatal ex vivo rat model for longitudinal bone growth investigations

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2019年第1期2卷 34-43页

作者： adamu Abdul abubakar Sahar Mohammed Ibrahim Ahmed Khalaf ali Kareem Obayes Handool Mohammad Shuaib Khan Mohamed Noordin Mustapha Tengku Azmi Ibrahim Ubedullah Kaka Loqman Mohamad Yusof Department of Companion Animal Medicine and Surgery Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology Usmanu Danfodiyo University Department of Surgery and Theriogenology College of Veterinary Medicine University of Mosul Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Science Gomal University Department of Veterinary Pathology and Microbiology Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Pre-Clinical Veterinary Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Laboratory of Sustainable Animal Production and Biodiversity Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food SecurityUniversiti Putra Malaysia

Background: Chondrocytes in the growth plate(GP) undergo increases in volume during different cascades of cell differentiation during longitudinal bone growth. The volume increase is reported to be the most significant variable in understanding the mechanism of long bone ***: Forty-five postnatal Sprague-Dawley rat pups, 7-15 days old were divided into nine age groups(P7-P15). Five pups were allocated to each group. The rats were sacrificed and tibia and metatarsal bones were harvested. Bone lengths were measured after 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours of ex vivo incubation. Histology of bones was carried out, and GP lengths and chondrocyte densities were ***: There were significant differences in bone length among the age groups after 0 and 72 hours of incubation. Histological sectioning was possible in metatarsal bone from all age groups, and in tibia from 7-to 13-day-old rats. No significant differences in tibia and metatarsal GP lengths were seen among different age groups at 0 and 72 hours of incubation. Significant differences in chondrocyte densities along the epiphyseal GP of the bones between 0 and 72 hours of incubation were observed in most of the age ***: Ex vivo growth of tibia and metatarsal bones of rats aged 7-15 days old is possible, with percentage growth rates of 23.87 ± 0.80% and 40.38 ± 0.95%measured in tibia and metatarsal bone, respectively. Histological sectioning of bones was carried out without the need for decalcification in P7-P13 tibia and P7-P15 metatarsal bone. Increases in chondrocyte density along the GP influence overall bone elongation.

关键词： bone growth model chondrocytes endochondral ossification growth plate Sprague-Dawley rat

SC Currents Minimization in Distributed Generation Embedded Distribution Networks with Optimal Application of FCLs

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第5期8卷 1388-1397页

作者： Irtaza Sohail Babar Hussain M.abubakar Intisar ali Sajjad M.Faisal Nadeem Muhammad Sarwar Fauji Fertilizer Company Sadiqabad 64350Pakistan EED UETTaxilaPunjab 47050Pakistan

For meeting the increased demand of electrical power,distributed generation(DG)based on renewable energy resources(RERs),has become a potential alternative to large plants based on fossil *** power from environmentally friendly RERs is available at a competitive price due to technological advancements in recent ***,optimal allocation of DG at the distribution network(DN)level may result in power loss reduction,improvement in voltage profile and the network’s overall ***,integration of DG may increase the short circuit(SC)level beyond the capacity of the protection gear,conductors,transformers and other components of a *** high short circuit currents(SCCs)may be reduced by application of a fault current limiter(FCL).However,most of the existing literature proposes optimization of FCLs size by considering only normal configurations of a *** approach is inappropriate as it may fail to produce the desired reduction in SCCs in different N−1 contingency *** this paper,a new strategy is presented that considers both normal as well as various contingency situations for optimal allocation of FCLs in a DN with DG *** strategy is implemented in the IEEE 30-bus system in a MATLAB environment using a genetic algorithm(GA).The simulation results prove that the proposed strategy is effective in determining the optimal FCLs size that restricts the SCCs to a safe level in different operating conditions including N−1 contingencies and thus,improves network safety and *** strategy described in the paper can play an important role in DN planning involving optimal application of DG and FCLs.

关键词： Distributed generation fault current limiters genetic algorithm N−1 contingency optimization

Spatial Trend of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) Serotypes in Cattle and Buffaloes, Pakistan

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Virologica Sinica 2012年第5期27卷 320-323页

作者： Muhammad abubakar Muhammad Javed Arshed Qurban ali Manzoor Hussain National Veterinary Laboratory

The present study describes the frequency of Foot and Mouth Disease （FMD） virus serotypes （O, A and Asia-l） in major regions （all provinces） of Pakistan using Indirect Sandwich ELISA. Also, spatial distribution of various FMD serotypes and their comparison is discussed. A total of 590 samples （Epithelial tissue） have been analyzed during a period of five years （2005-2009）. Out of 590 samples, 180 were found positive, giving an overall confirmation of FMDV about 33.2 %. Of the prevalent serotypes, FMDV ＇O＇ serotype caused most outbreaks （20.7 %）, followed by serotype A （6.6 %） and serotype Asia-1 （4.6 %） while there was no positive case of type ＇C＇. The study clearly showed that the disease was more frequent in the agro-climatic zones than in hilly areas. Based on the data of 590 samples （〉50 outbreaks）, the overall prevalence of FMDV in cattle and buffaloes in Pakistan was 33.2 %, while in cattle alone, it was 37.1%, higher than in buffalo （28.7 %）. There were eight cases of mixed serotypes infection, indicating the presence of endemic state of disease. Another significant feature was the change over time. In phase-I （2005-2007）, there was an overall prevalence of 29.4 %, while the occurrence of the serotype O, A and Asia-1 was 20.4 %, 2.9 % and 4.7 %, respectively. During phase-II （2008-2009）, the overall prevalence was 59.21%, while those of serotype O, A and Asia-1 were 22.4 %, 31.6 % and 4.0 %, respectively. This clearly indicated a shift from serotype O to A, which may help to explain the occurrence of more severe outbreaks, despite vaccination.

关键词： Spatial and Temporal Distribution Serotype shift Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) Virus Indirect Sandwich ELISA Serotypes

Protein quality of four indigenous edible insect species in Nigeria

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第2期7卷 175-183页

作者： Oibiokpa Florence Inje Akanya Helmina Olufunmilayo Jigam ali Audu Saidu abubakar Ndaman Egwim Evans Chidi Department of Biochemistry Federal University of TechnologyP.M.B 65MinnaNigeria

Food security is a serious concern particularly for developing *** overcome hunger and malnutrition there is a need for increased research towards finding alternative and cheaper sources of *** have been reported to be rich in protein and could be alternative sources of *** work was therefore designed to determine the protein quality of moth caterpillar,termite,cricket and grasshopper and the effects of diets supplemented with these insects on some biochemical and haematological indices of *** amino acid compositions of the insects were determined using standard analytical *** iso-nitrogenous and isocaloric diets were formulated on a 10%protein basis with the insects and casein.A Nitrogen free diet was also formulated as *** six(36)young weanling albino rats(21–28 days old)were divided into 6 groups and fed with the diets ad libitum for 28 *** weekly weight gain and daily feed intake were recorded,urine and faeces were collected for nitrogen determination using Kjedahl method and the data obtained used to calculate the various protein quality *** the feeding trial periods,the rats were sacrificed,blood samples collected and organs excised for various *** was found to have the highest amino acid score(0.91),protein efficiency ratio(1.78),net protein ratio(3.04)biological value(93.02%)and protein digestibility corrected for amino acid score(0.73)as compared to other insect proteins *** organ body weight ratios of the liver,spleen,lung and heart of rats placed on the insect supplemented diets were not significantly different(p>0.05)from those fed with casein and basal *** total protein concentrations in rats fed with cricket diet were not significantly different(p>0.05)from those fed casein diet while serum LDL cholesterol concentration was lowest in rats fed cricket *** finding in this work that the selected insects are nutritious and safe for consumption may a

关键词： Protein quality Insect species Biochemical parameters Haematological parameters Entomophagy

Computational Algorithms for the Analysis of Cancer Virotherapy Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第5期71卷 3621-3634页

作者： ali Raza Dumitru Baleanu Muhammad Rafiq Syed Zaheer Abbas abubakar Siddique Umer Javed Mehvish Naz Arooj Fatima Tayyba Munawar Hira Batool Zaighum Nazir Department of Mathematics Govt.Maulana Zafar Ali Khan Graduate College Wazirabad52000Punjab Higher Education Department(PHED)Lahore54000Pakistan Department of Mathematics University of SialkotSialkot51310Pakistan Department of Mathematics Cankaya UniversityBalgatAnkara06530Turkey Department of Medical Research China Medical UniversityTaichung40402Taiwan Department of Mathematics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Central PunjabLahore54500Pakistan Department of Mathematics National College of Business Administration and EconomicsLahore54660Pakistan Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusQuaid AvenueWah Cantonment47040Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusQuaid AvenueWah Cantonment47040Pakistan

Cancer is a common term for many diseases that can affect any part of the *** 2020,ten million people will die due to cancer.A worldwide leading cause of death is cancer by the World Health Organization(WHO)*** of cancer cells,viral therapy,and immune response are identified in this *** and computational modeling is an effective tool to predict the dynamics of cancer *** cell population is categorized into three parts like uninfected cells(x),infected cells(y),virus-free cells(v),and immune cells(z).The modeling of cancerlike diseases is based on the law of mass action(the rate of change of reacting substances is directly proportional to the product of interacting substances).Positivity,boundedness,equilibria,threshold analysis,are part of deterministic *** on,a numerical analysis is designed by using the standard and non-standard finite difference *** non-standard finite difference method is developed to study the long-term behavior of the cancer *** its efficiency,a comparison of the methods is investigated.

关键词： Cancer disease epidemic model algorithms stability analysis

The Occurence of Gastrointestinal Helminths in Slaughtered Cattle in Azare, North-East Nigeria

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Journal of Zoological Research 2021年第1期3卷 1-8页

作者： Musa Umar Bashir Mohammed abubakar Haladu ali Gagman abubakar Sadiq Yusuf Department of Biological Sciences Bauchi State University GadauPMB 065BauchiNigeria

A Cross-sectional Study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal(G.I.)helminths parasites in slaughtered cattle at Azare abattoir,Katagum Local Government Area,Bauchi State,North-Eastern *** hundred and twenty faecal samples were examined using the floatation and sedimentation *** of the total samples tested,*** infections were detected in 62 samples tested,giving an overall prevalence of 51.6%.Class nematodes are the most diverse class(56.5%),followed by trematodes(35.5%),while cestodes are the least prevalent(8.1%).There was a statistically significant difference in ***’prevalence among different classes(p0.05).The Red Bororo breeds had the highest prevalence of 75%,while the least was recorded in White Fulani and Sokoto Gudali,40%*** was a statistically significant difference in G.I helminth infection’s prevalence rate to breed(p<0.05).This study revealed that Fasciola spp.(15%)is the most prevalent *** parasites detected,followed by Oesophagostomum spp(11.7%);Haemonchus spp.(9.2%);Strongyloides spp.(8.3%),Schistosoma spp.(3.3%);and Moniezia spp.(1.67%).Our findings from the present study revealed a high prevalence of *** species affecting cattle in Azare,North-East ***,there is a great need for proper advocacy on appropriate management,regular deworming practices,and improved cattle hygiene to boost animal *** will help in curbing significant loss to Nigeria’s economy and the world in general.

关键词： Gastrointestinal helminths Parasites Cattle Bauchi Nigeria