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Therapy-refractory gastrointestinal motility disorder in a child with c-kit mutations

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第34期16卷 4363-4366页

作者： Christian Breuer Jun Oh Gerhard J molderings michael Schemann Birgit Kuch Ertan mayatepek rüdiger adam Department of General Pediatrics University Children's Hospital Duesseldorf Institute of Human Genetics University Hospital Bonn Department of Human Biology Technische Universitt München Pediatric Gastroenterology Department of Pediatrics University Hospital Mannheim

Constipation and fecal impaction are frequent and distressing complaints in pediatric gastroenterology. Especially in neurologically handicapped children, treatment of severe forms of slow-transit constipation (STC) can be difficult. In the majority of cases, STC is of unknown etiology. However, in recent years, there is growing evidence that interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), which serve as electrical pacemakers and generate spontaneous electrical slow waves in the gastrointestinal tract, might play an important role in the pathophysiology of STC. It remains unclear whether morphological ICC alterations seen in affected patients are based on congenital developmental anomalies, or whether they are a consequence of long-term constipation with secondary damage of the gastrointestinal nervous system. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first case of a patient with histological alterations in ICC morphology who displayed multiple alterations of c-kit at the level of mrNA. The protein encoded by c-kit is the receptor tyrosine kinase Kit (CD117), which is crucial for development and function of ICCs. Therefore, these findings provide a new explanation for congenital alterations of ICC development that result in gastrointestinal motility disorders.

关键词： Slow-transit constipation Interstitial cells of Cajal c-kit

modulation of individual components of gastric motor response to duodenal glucose

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第35期19卷 5863-5869页

作者： adam m Deane Laura K Besanko Carly m Burgstad marianne J Chapman michael Horowitz robert JL Fraser Discipline of Acute Care medicine University of Adelaide Intensive Care Unit Royal Adelaide Hospital National Health and medical research Council of Australia Centre for Clinical research Excellence in Nutritional Physiology and Outcomes Investigation and Procedures Unit Repatriation General Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Royal Adelaide Hospital Discipline of medicine University of Adelaide Royal Adelaide Hospital

AIm:To evaluate individual components of the antro-pyloro-duodenal(APD)motor response to graded small intestinal glucose infusions in healthy ***:APD manometry was performed in 15healthy subjects(12 male;40±5 years,body mass index 26.5±1.6 kg/m2)during four 20-min intraduodenal infusions of glucose at 0,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 kcal/min,in a randomised double-blinded *** solutions were infused at a rate of 1 mL/min and separated by 40-min"wash-out"*** are mean±*** analyses are repeated measure analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc ***:At 0 kcal/min frequency of pressure waves were:antrum(7.5±1.8 waves/20 min)and isolated pyloric pressure waves(IPPWs)(8.0±2.3 waves/20min)with pyloric tone(0.0±0.9 mmHg).Intraduodenal glucose infusion acutely increased IPPW frequency(Pric tone(P=0.015),and decreased antral wave frequency(P=0.007)in a dosedependent fashion.A threshold for stimulation was observed at 1.0 kcal/min for pyloric phasic pressure waves(P=0.002)and 1.5 kcal/min for pyloric tone and antral ***:There is hierarchy for the activation of gastrointestinal motor responses to duodenal glucose *** increase in IPPWs is the first response observed.

关键词： Glucose Gastrointestinal motility Pyloric Antral Duodenum manometry motor activity Blood glucose

Caecal pH is a biomarker of excessive colonic fermentation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第17期20卷 5000-5007页

作者： adam D Farmer Sahar D mohammed George E Dukes S mark Scott Anthony r Hobson Centre for Digestive Diseases Blizard Institute of Cell and Molecular ScienceWingate Institute of NeurogastroenterologyBarts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E1 2AJUnited Kingdom GlaxoSmithKline research and Development Durham County NC 27709-3398United States Functional Gut Clinic London W1G 6NBUnited Kingdom

AIm: To ascertain whether caecal pH is different in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), whose primary symptoms are bloating and distension, to healthy controls.

关键词： Caecal pH Caecoparesis Bloating Colonic microbiota Fermentation

mrBLES 2.0: High-throughput generation of chemically functionalized spectrally and magnetically encoded hydrogel beads using a simple single-layer microfluidic device

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 145-157页

作者： Yinnian Feng adam K.White Jamin B.Hein Eric A.Appel Polly m.Fordyce Department of Genetics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Bioengineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Department of Biology Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein research Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenBlegdamsvej 3b2200 CopenhagenDenmark Department of materials Science&Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Stanford ChEm-H Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA Chan Zuckerberg Biohub San FranciscoCA 94110USA

The widespread adoption of bead-based multiplexed bioassays requires the ability to easily synthesize encoded microspheres and conjugate analytes of interest to their ***,we present a simple method(mrBLEs 2.0)for the efficient high-throughput generation of microspheres with ratiometric barcode lanthanide encoding(mrBLEs)that bear functional groups for downstream surface *** production in mrBLEs 2.0 relies on the manual mixing of lanthanide/polymer mixtures(each of which comprises a unique spectral code)followed by droplet generation using single-layer,parallel flow-focusing devices and the off-chip batch polymerization of droplets into *** streamline downstream analyte coupling,mrBLEs 2.0 crosslinks copolymers bearing functional groups on the bead surface during bead *** the mrBLEs 2.0 pipeline,we generate monodisperse mrBLEs containing 48 distinct well-resolved spectral codes with high throughput(>150,000/min and can be boosted to 450,000/min).We further demonstrate the efficient conjugation of oligonucleotides and entire proteins to carboxyl mrBLEs and of biotin to amino ***,we show that mrBLEs can also be magnetized via the simultaneous incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles with only a minor decrease in the potential code *** the advantages of dramatically simplified device fabrication,elimination of the need for custom-made equipment,and the ability to produce spectrally and magnetically encoded beads with direct surface functionalization with high throughput,mrBLEs 2.0 can be directly applied by many labs towards a wide variety of downstream assays,from basic biology to diagnostics and other translational research.

关键词： beads spectral functional

multi-regional observations and validation of the m_(3)ocean tide

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Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第10期66卷 2265-2277页

作者： adam Thomas DEVLIN Jiayi PAN Déborah IDIEr School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022China Cooperative Institute for marine and Atmospheric research School of Ocean and Earth Science and TechnologyUniversity of Hawai’i at MānoaHonoluluHI96822USA Department of Oceanography University of Hawai’i at MānoaHonoluluHI96822USA The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong999077China Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed research of ministry of Education Nanchang330022China BrGm Orléans45060France

Improved determinations of the oft-ignored third-degree ocean tides can yield better accuracy for tidal predictions,numerical model solutions,and *** only a small part of tidal range,these components can be larger at certain coastal locations due to shelf resonances and other ***,we discuss observations of the m3lunar terdiurnal tide using 9-year windowed tidal harmonic analyses at 157 tide gauges compares to a global assimilation model(TPXO9v5a),with a focus on the Western Pacific and the European ***9v5a does well in estimating the observed m_(3)amplitudes and phase lags in most regions,though determinations in coastal zones and in morphologically complex areas are coarse and often *** also employ a shallow-water model(mArS)on the European Shelf,which can yield localized improvement over *** five subregions of the European Shelf,regional root-mean-squared-errors(rmSEs)are lower(and thus a better fit)at three locations for TPXO for amplitudes,and three for phase lags,with mArS simulations being a better fit in the other *** also show that some locations have experienced significant long-term increases and/or decreases in the m_(3)amplitude over time,likely related to resonance changes under sea level rise(SLr)which can modulate the oceanic response to astronomical *** hypothesis is explored for Europe using the mArS model by applying various sea level rise scenarios,showing that the directionality(positive or negative)of the long-term changes in m_(3)amplitudes over time match the model results for more than half of our validation stations.

关键词： Third-degree tides m_(3)tide Altimetry Numerical simulation Sea level rise

Effect of oxygen and nitrogen functionalization on the physical and electronic structure of graphene

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Nano research 2015年第8期8卷 2620-2635页

作者： Alexander J. marsden Peter Brommer James J. mudd m. adam Dyson robert Cook maria Asensio Jose Avila Ana Levy Jeremy Sloan David Quigley Gavin r. Bell Neil r. Wilson Department of Physics University of Warwick Coventry UK Centre for Scientific Computing University of Warwick Coventry UK Synchrotron SOLEIL L'Orme des Merisiers Saint Aubin-BP 48 91192 Gifsur Yvette Cedex France

Covalent functionalization of graphene offers opportunities for tailoring its properties and is an unavoidable consequence of some graphene synthesis techniques. However, the changes induced by the functionalization are not well understood. By using atomic sources to control the extent of the oxygen and nitrogen functionalization, we studied the evolution in the structure and properties at the atomic scale. Atomic oxygen reversibly introduces epoxide groups whilst, under similar conditions, atomic nitrogen irreversibly creates diverse functionalities including substitutional, pyridinic, and pyrrolic nitrogen. Atomic oxygen leaves the Fermi energy at the Dirac point （i.e., undoped）, whilst atomic nitrogen results in a net n-doping; however, the experimental results are consistent with the dominant electronic effect for both being a transition from delocalized to localized states, and hence the loss of the signature electronic structure of graphene.

关键词： graphene functionalization chemical vapor deposition density functional theory

A 3D In-vitro model of the human dentine interface shows long-range osteoinduction from the dentine surface

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International Journal of Oral Science 2024年第2期16卷 225-237页

作者： William macalester Asme Boussahel rafael O.moreno-Tortolero mark r.Shannon Nicola West Darryl Hill adam Perriman School of Cellular and molecular medicine Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristolUnited Kingdom Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials HH Wills Physics LaboratoryUniversity of BristolTyndall AvenueBristolUnited Kingdom Centre for Protolife research School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolCantocks CloseBristolUnited Kingdom max Planck-Bristol Centre for minimal Biology School of ChemistryUniversity of BristolBristolUnited Kingdom Periodontology Bristol Dental SchoolUniversity of BristolLower Maudlin StreetBristolUnited Kingdom

Emerging regenerative cell therapies for alveolar bone loss have begun to explore the use of cell laden hydrogels for minimally invasive surgery to treat small and spatially complex maxilla-oral ***,the oral cavity presents a unique and challenging environment for in vivo bone tissue engineering,exhibiting both hard and soft periodontal tissue as well as acting as key biocenosis for many distinct microbial communities that interact with both the external environment and internal body systems,which will impact on cell fate and subsequent treatment ***,we design and bioprint a facile 3D in vitro model of a human dentine interface to probe the effect of the dentine surface on human mesenchymal stem cells(hmSCs)encapsulated in a microporous hydrogel *** demonstrate that the dentine substrate induces osteogenic differentiation of encapsulated hmSCs,and that both dentine andβ-tricalcium phosphate substrates stimulate extracellular matrix production and maturation at the gel-media interface,which is distal to the gel-substrate *** findings demonstrate the potential for long-range effects on stem cells by mineralized surfaces during bone tissue engineering and provide a framework for the rapid development of 3D dentine-bone interface models.

关键词： interface den surface

Comparisons of two global built area land cover datasets in methods to disaggregate human population in eleven countries from the global South

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第1期13卷 78-100页

作者： Forrest r.Stevens Andrea E.Gaughan Jeremiah JNieves adam King Alessandro Sorichetta Catherine Linard Andrew JTatem Department of Geography and Geosciences University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA WorldPop Department of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Spatial Epidemiology Lab(SpELL) UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Department of Geography Universitéde NamurNamurBelgium Flowminder Foundation StockholmSweden

mapping built land cover at unprecedented detail has been facilitated by increasing availability of global high-resolution imagery and image processing *** advances in urban feature extraction and built-area detection can refine the mapping of human population densities,especially in lower income countries where rapid urbanization and changing population is accompanied by frequently out-of-date or inaccurate census ***,in these contexts it is unclear how best to use built-area data to disaggregate areal,count-based census *** we tested two methods using remotely sensed,built-area land cover data to disaggregate population *** included simple,areal weighting and more complex statistical models with other ancillary *** were assessed across eleven countries,representing different world regions varying in population densities,types of built infrastructure,and environmental *** found that for seven of 11 countries a random Forest-based,machine learning approach outperforms simple,binary dasymetric disaggregation into remotely-sensed built *** these more complex models there was little evidence to support using any single built land cover input over the rest,and in most cases using more than one built-area data product resulted in higher predictive *** discuss these results and implications for future population modeling approaches.

关键词： Land cover built areas remote sensing settlement mapping population modeling

Diagnosis of morbid obesity may not impact healthcare utilization for orthotopic liver transplantation:A propensity matched study

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第12期9卷 595-602页

作者： Joshua r Peck Nicholas Latchana Anthony michaels adam J Hanje Alice Hinton Elmahdi A Elkhammas Sylvester m Black Khalid mumtaz Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutritionthe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Surgery the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Biostatistics the Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

AIm To study mortality, length of stay, and total charges in morbidly obese adults during index hospitalization for orthotopic liver *** The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was queried to obtain demographics, healthcare utilization, post orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) complications, and short term outcomes of OLT performed from 2003 to 2011(n = 46509). We divided patients into those with [body mass index(BmI) ≥ 40] and without(BmI morbid obesity. multivariable logistic regression analysis was performedto characterize differences in in-hospital mortality, length of stay(LOS), and charges for OLT between patients with and without morbid obesity after adjusting for significant confounders. Additionally, propensity matching was performed to further validate the *** Of the 46509 patients who underwent OLT during the study period, 818(1.8%) were morbidly obese. morbidly obese recipients were more likely to be female(46.8% vs 33.4%, P = 0.002), Caucasian(75.2% vs 67.8%, P = 0.002), in the low national income quartile(32.3% vs 22.5%, P = 0.04), and have ≥ 3 comorbidities(modified Elixhauser index; 83.9% vs 45.0%, P morbidly obese patient also had an increase in procedure related hemorrhage(P = 0.028) and respiratory complications(P = 0.043). multivariate and propensity matched analysis showed no difference in mortality(Or: 0.70; 95%CI: 0.27-1.84, P = 0.47), LOS(β:-4.44; 95%CI:-9.93, 1.05, P = 0.11) and charges for transplantation(β: $15693; 95%CI:-51622-83008, P = 0.64) between the two groups. morbidly obese patients were more likely to have transplants on weekdays(81.7%) as compared to those without morbid obesity(75.4%, P = 0.029).CONCLUSION morbid obesity may not impact in-hospital mortality and health care utilization in OLT recipients. However, morbidly obese patients may be selected after careful assessment of co-morbidities.

关键词： Deceased donors Outcome Complications Economics Selection criteria