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Simultaneous Determination by HPLC-UV Vis of Tartrazine and Sunset Yellow in Soft Drinks Sold in benin

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2022年第8期13卷 277-288页

作者： Janvier Engelbert Agbokponto André Philippe S. Kpaibe Loconon achille Yemoa Assogba Gabin Assanhou Habib Ganfon Gildas Komenan Gbassi Michèle Aké N’cho Christoph Amin Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique et d’Analyse des Médicaments UFR Pharmacie Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin UFR Pharmacie Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Département de Chimie Analytique Bromatologie Chimie Générale et Minérale UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques Université Félix Houphou&euml t-boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

The use of dyes such as tartrazine (E102) and sunset yellow (E102) in food, beverages and health products for technological and commercial purposes is common. The adverse effects caused by these dyes, such as allergies and hyperactivity disorder have been reported, especially in children. In the present study, a chromatographic method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of tartrazine and sunset yellow. The chromatographic separation was performed on a Lichrocart® C18 column (125 × 4.6 mm;5 μm) with a security Guard-C18 column (4 × 2.0 mm, 5 μm;Phenomenex, Torrance, CA, USA) maintained at 30°C. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of acetonitrile/ammonium acetate buffer pH 6.8 in gradient mode with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The injection volume was 10 μL. The detection wavelength was set at 455 nm. The parameters of specificity, linearity, precision, repeatability, accuracy and sensitivity were examined for validation. The developed method is linear in the range of 1 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL with a R2> 0.998. The intra-day and inter-day precisions (RSD) were less than 0.6% and 3.1% respectively. The detection limit was 0.03 μg/mL and the quantification limit was 0.1 μg/mL. The retention time of tartrazine was 2.86 min, while sunset yellow was detected at 5.67 min. A simple, rapid, accurate and robust HPLC/UV-Visible method was developed and validated for simultaneous identification and quantification of tartrazine and sunset yellow. This developed method was successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of tartrazine and sunset yellow in soft drinks sold in benin.

关键词： Tartrazine Sunset Yellow HPLC-UV Food Dyes

Evaluation of the Opuntia dillenii as Natural Coagulant in Water Clarification:Case of Treatment of Highly Turbid Surface Water

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第12期5卷 1242-1246页

作者： Yewegnon Alima Esther Irma Nougbode Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Alain Yaya Koudoro Comlan achille Dedjiho Martin Pepin Aina Daouda Mama Dominique Codjo Koko Sohounhloue Laboratoire d’Hydrologie Appliquée(LHA) Facultédes Sciences et TechniquesUniversite d’Abomey-CalaviCotonouRépublique du Bénin Laboratoire d’Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée(LERCA) Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey Calavi(EPAC)Universite d’Abomey-CalaviCotonouRépublique du Bénin

This study was performed in laboratory scale and consisted of the using of aqueous Opuntia dillenii solution for the clarification of very turbid surface water (Turbidities varying between 186 NTU and 418 NTU). This plant from Cactaceae family was used as a natural coagulant for the different clarification tests. The preliminary phytochemical Screening of the powder of this plant showed that it contains tanins, saponins and mucilages. Flocculation and coagulation tests showed that Opuntia dillenii can be used in highly turbid water treatment. The removal efficiency varied from 89% to 93% for the turbidity and suspended solids, and from 4% to 15% for the obvious color in water when we used the optimum values of this natural coagulant (1 mL to 10 mL). The successive addition of this natural coagulant and the lime, gave a better elimination of turbidity and suspended solids, and a good reduction for the color. The removal efficiency of the turbidity and suspended solids became more than 95% and the one of the color between 67% and 94%.

关键词： Natural Coagulant Opuntia dillenii Lime Phytochemical Screening Turbidity Suspended Solids

Fighting Poor Quality Medicines: Development, Transfer and Validation of Generic HPLC Methods for Analyzing Two WHO Recommended Antimalarial Tablets

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第2期6卷 127-144页

作者： Jérémie Kindenge Mbinze achille Yemoa Pierre Lebrun Pierre-Yves Sacré Védaste Habyalimana Nicodème Kalenda André bigot Eugène Atindehou Philippe Hubert Roland Djang’eing’a Marini University of Liege (ULg) Department of Pharmacy CIRM Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Li&egrave ge Belgium Laboratoire d’Analyse des Mé dicaments D&eacute partement de Galé nique et d’Analyse des Mé dicaments Universit&eacute de Kinshasa Kinshasa XI Democratic Republic of Congo UFR Pharmacie Facult&eacute des Sciences de Santé Universit&eacute d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou B&eacute nin Rwanda biomedical Center Medical Procurement and Production Division Butare Rwanda Université Fé lix Houphouet boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

As serious but neglected public health problems, poor quality medicines, i.e. for antimalarial medicines, urged to be fought. One of the approaches is to consider the analytical chemistry and separative techniques. In this study, a generic liquid chromatographic method was firstly developed for the purpose of screening 8 antimalarial active ingredients, namely amodiaquine (AQ), piperaquine (PPQ), sulfalene (SL), pyrimethamine (PM), lumefantrine (LF), artesunate (AS), artemether (AM) and dihydroartemisinine (DHA) by applying DoE/DS optimization strategy. Since the method was not totally satisfying in terms of peak separation, further experiments were undergone applying the same development strategy while splitting the 8 ingredients into five groups. Excellent prediction was observed prior to correlation between retention times of predicted and observed separation conditions. Then, a successful geometric transfer was realized to reduce the analysis time focusing on the simultaneous quantification of two WHO’s recommended ACTs in anti-malarial fixed-dose combination (AM-LF and AS-AQ) in tablets. The optimal separation was achieved using an isocratic elution of methanol-ammonium formate buffer (pH 2.8;10 mM) (82.5:17.5, v/v) at 0.6 ml/min through a C18 column (100 mm × 3.5 mm, 3.5 μm) thermostated at 25℃. After a successful validation stage based on the total error approach, the method was applied to determine the content of AM/LF or AS/AQ in seven brands of antimalarial tablets currently marketed in West, Central and East Africa. Satisfying results were obtained compared to the claimed contents.

关键词： Antimalarial ACT Simultaneous Determination Poor Quality Substances Design of Experiments Design Space Method Transfer Accuracy Profile

Evaluation at the Level of Health Facilities, of the Protective Efficacy of LLINs in Children under 5 Years Old from Localities of Low and High Resistance of Vectors to Pyrethroid Insecticides in benin in West Africa

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 57-73页

作者： Tokponnon Tatchémè Filémon Ossè Razaki Arthur Sovi Wakpo Abel Hounto Ogouyémi Aurore Sissinto Yolande Adechoubou Alioun Houansou Télesphore Oke Mariam Kinde-Gazard Dorothée Massougbodji achille Akogbeto Martin Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC) Cotonou Benin Ministry of Health Cotonou Benin Centre béninois de le Recherche Scientifique et de l’Innovation Cotonou Benin Ecole Polytechnique d’Abomey-Calavi Université d’Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Bénin Ecole de Gestion et d’exploitation des systèmes d’élevage Université Nationale d’Agriculture Kétou Benin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Benin National Malaria Control Programme Cotonou Benin World Health Organization Cotonou Benin

Context: The resistance to pyrethroids in malaria vectors continues to grow in Africa and could therefore compromise or reduce substantially the effectiveness of LLINs in preventing malaria. It is therefore of paramount importance to evaluate the protective efficacy of LLINs in children sleeping in areas of vector resistance to insecticides in order to draw lessons for future interventions. This study assesses the effect of the use of LLINs on malaria morbidity in clusters of low and high resistance of vectors to pyrethroids. Methods: This is a cross-sectional case-control study with one control for one case that was conducted in the communes of Kétou, Ifangni, Kétou, and Pobè in the Plateau department of southern benin. The use of LLINs and malaria morbidity was measured and compared in children from clusters of low and high vector resistance to insecticides. In each commune, 30 cases and 30 controls were recruited for a total of 240 children under 5 years of age from villages with low and high insecticide resistance. Results: According to the localities of origin of the children, of all parents of children surveyed, 169 (70.4%) asserted the children slept under an LLIN the day before they arrived at the health center. This rate represents 70.8% (85 children) among the cases and 70.0% (84 children) among the controls without significant difference (p = 0.8). The use of LLINs the day before the survey, the frequency of their use during the two weeks preceding the day of the survey, their availability at the household level, the use of other tools for protection against mosquito bites are the same in the two groups of children (cases and controls) (p > 0.05) as well in low and high resistance villages. On the other hand, the parasite prevalence, the splenomegaly and the geometric means of the parasite densities, are significantly higher in the cases than in the controls (p Conclusion: The evaluation of epidemiological indicators in children under five years old at th

关键词： Case-Controls LLINs Malaria Morbidity Pyrethroids Resistance benin

Analytical Tools and Strategic Approach to Detect Poor Quality Medicines, Identify Unknown Components, and Timely Alerts for Appropriate Measures: Case Study of Antimalarial Medicines

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2015年第13期6卷 977-994页

作者： Vé daste Habyalimana Jé ré mie Kindenge Mbinze Nicodè me Kalenda Tshilombo Amandine Dispas achille Yemoa Loconon Pierre-Yves Sacré Joë lle Widart Pascal De Tullio Sté phane Counerotte Justin-Lé onard Kadima Ntokamunda Eric Ziemons Philippe Hubert Roland Marini Djang&rsquo eing&rsquo a Department of Pharmacy CIRM Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry Quartier H&ocirc pital University of Liege (ULg) Liège Belgium Rwanda biomedical Center/Medical Procurement and Production Division Butare Rwanda Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques Université de Kinshasa Kinshasa XI République Démocratique du Congo Ecole de Pharmacie Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey Calavi Cotonou Bénin Department of Pharmacy CIRM Quartier H&ocirc pital University of Liege (ULg) Liège Belgium Department of Pharmacy CIRM Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Quartier H&ocirc pital University of Liege (ULg) Liège Belgium School of Medicine and Pharmacy University of Rwanda Butare Rwanda

Nowadays, the circulation of poor quality medicines is becoming an alarming worldwide phenomenon with serious public health and socio-economic concerns. The situation is particularly critical in developing countries where drug quality assurance and regulatory systems for drug manufacturing, importation, distribution and sales are weak. A sustained vigilance on poor quality medicines that regroup counterfeit/falsified, substandard and degraded medicines is therefore required to ensure patient safety and genuine medicines integrity. A case situation is illustrated including a strategic approach and analytical tools that were found useful to detect poor quality medicines, identify unknown components, and timely alerts for appropriate measures against the spread of those harmful products. Several suspected medicines randomly sampled in several strategic Rwandan areas were firstly check-controlled by means of visual inspection and then applying several analytical techniques from simple to more complex ones. The following medicines were studied: quinine sulfate tablets, artemisinin-based combination tablets, and artesunate powders for injection. Taking into account the pharmaceutical forms and the chemical characteristics, the following tests were applied: uniformity of mass, friability, disintegration, fluorescence, identification and assay. They were followed by more complex analytical techniques that allowed more comprehension of abnormal findings among which the presence of a wrong active pharmaceutical ingredient in quinine sulfate tablets which is mainly discussed in this paper to illustrate a strategic approach and various analytical tools that can be used in detecting and identifying unknown component in poor quality medicines.

关键词： Poor Quality Medicines Antimalarial Medicines Visual Inspection Simple and Complex Analytical Tools