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Pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation enhances neurite outgrowth in neural cells and modulates inflammation in macrophages

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Engineered Regeneration

Engineered Regeneration 2024年第1期5卷 80-91页

作者： Francesco Fontana Andrea Cafarelli Francesco Iacoponi Soria Gasparini Tiziano Pratellesi abigail NKoppes Leonardo Ricotti The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna56127 PisaItaly Department of Excellence in Robotics&AI Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna56127 PisaItaly BAC Technology s.r.l. 50063 FlorenceItaly Department of Chemical Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Bioengineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA Department of Biology Northeastern UniversityBostonMA 02115USA

Nerve regeneration following traumas remains an unmet challenge.The application of pulsed electromagnetic field(PEMF)stimulation has gained traction for a minimally invasive regeneration of nerves.However,a sys-tematic exploration of different PEMF parameters influencing neuron function at a cellular level is not available.In this study,we exposed neuroblastoma F11 cells to PEMF to trigger beneficial effects on neurite outgrowth.Different carrier frequencies,pulse repetition frequencies,and duty cycles were screened with a custom ad hoc setup to find the most influential parameters values.A carrier frequency of 13.5 MHz,a pulse repetition frequency of 20 Hz,and a duty cycle of 10%allowed maximal neurite outgrowth,with unaltered viability with respect to non-stimulated controls.Furthermore,in a longer-term analysis,such optimal conditions were also able to in-crease the gene expression of neuronal expression markers NeuN and Tuj-1 and transcription factor Ngn1.Finally,the same optimal stimulation conditions were also applied to THP-1 macrophages,and both pro-inflammatory(TNF-𝛼,IL-1𝛽,IL-6,IL-8)and anti-inflammatory cytokines(IL-10,CD206)were analyzed.The optimal PEMF stimulation parameters did not induce differentiation towards an M1 macrophage phenotype,decreased IL-1𝛽and IL-8 gene expression,decreased TNF-𝛼and IL-8 cytokine release in M1-differentiated cells,increased IL-10 and CD206 gene expression,as well as IL-10 cytokine release in M0 cells.The specific PEMF stimulation regime,which is optimal in vitro,might have a high potential for a future in vivo translation targeting neural regeneration and anti-inflammatory action for treating peripheral nerve injuries.

关键词： Nerve regeneration Biophysical stimulation Pulsed electromagnetic fields(PEMF) Neurite outgrowth Anti-inflammatory Peripheral nerve injuries

Adenovirus F40/41 Gastroenteritis-Associated Emphysematous Gastritis:A Case Report

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Infectious Diseases & Immunity 2024年第2期4卷 93-95页

作者： Maulik K.Lathiya abigail T.La Nou Maria E.Linnaus Susan M.Cullinan Emergency Department Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau Claire 54703WIUSA Critical Care Medicine Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau Claire 54703WIUSA General Surgery Department Mayo Clinic Health SystemEau Claire 54703WIUSA

Emphysematous gastritis(EG)is a rare form of gastritis characterized by gastric wall pneumatosis.It is associated with a high mortality rate.Our case report describes a patient with a history of atrial fibrillation treated with apixaban,prior stroke,and schizoaffective disorder who showed epigastric tenderness on examination.However,no peritonitis signs were recorded,and laboratory values revealed high lactate levels and the presence of adenovirus F40/41.Abdominal computed tomography scan showed extensive portal venous gas in the left hepatic lobe of the liver,as well as pneumatosis involving the entire stomach,indicating EG.The diagnosis was histologically confirmed and initially managed medically,which proved inefficacious,necessitating surgical intervention in the form of a laparotomy and esophagojejunostomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction.This case report suggests a potential association between EG and adenovirus F40/41–induced gastroenteritis,thereby emphasizing the challenging nature of EG.It underscores the need for comprehensive research to enhance our understanding of its underlying causes and effective treatment strategies.

关键词： Emphysema Gastritis Human adenovirus F40/41 Immunocompromised

Soil Organic Carbon Stock Variation under Different Soil Types and Land Uses in the Sub-Humid Noun Plain, Western Cameroon

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第4期14卷 191-209页

作者： Frank abigail Sobze Kenfack Georges Kogge Kome Achille Bienvenue Ibrahim Viviane Pauline Mandah Dieudonne Bitondo Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences (FASA) University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Land Surveying National Advanced School of Public Works Yaound&#233 Cameroon International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Cameroon Eco-Regional Center HFS Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Earth Science Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon

This study was conducted to assess the current stock of soil organic carbon under different agricultural land uses, soil types and soil depths in the Noun plain in western Cameroon. Three sites were selected for the study, namely Mangoum, Makeka and Fossang, representative of the three dominant soil types of the noun plain (Andosols, Acrisols and Ferralsols). Three land uses were selected per site including natural vegetation, agroforest and crop field. Soil was sampled at three depths;0 - 20 cm, 20 - 40 cm, and 40 - 60 cm. Analysis of variance showed that soil type did not significantly influence carbon storage, but rather land uses and soil depth. SOCS decreased significantly with depth in all the sites, with an average stock of 66.3 ± 15.8 tC/ha at 0 - 20 cm, compared to an average stock of 33.3 ± 7.4 tC/ha at 40 - 60 cm. SOCS was significantly highest in the natural formation with 57.2 ± 19.7 tC/ha, and lowest in cultivated fields, at 37.7 ± 10.6 tC/ha. Andosols, with their high content of coarse fragments, stored less organic carbon than Ferralsols and Acrisols.

关键词： Carbon Stocks Soil Type Soil Depth Agricultural Land Use Noun Plain

Associations of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep quality in adults living with and beyond cancer

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第6期12卷 664-673,F0003页

作者： Phillippa Lally Natalie Ella Miller Claire Lawrence Rebecca J Beeken abigail Fisher Department of Behavioural Science and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Psychology University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Leeds Institute of Health Sciences Leeds LS29NLUK

Background Greater physical activity is associated with improved outcomes in people living with and beyond cancer.However,most studies in exercise oncology use self-reported measures of physical activity.Few have explored agreement between self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity in people living with and beyond cancer.This study aimed to describe physical activity in adults affected by cancer across self-reported and device-assessed activity,to explore levels of agreement between these measures in terms of their utility for categorizing participants as meeting/not meeting physical activity guidelines,and to explore whether meeting guidelines is associated with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep quality.Methods A total of 1348 adults living with and beyond cancer from the Advancing Survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial completed a survey assessing fatigue,quality of life,sleep quality,and physical activity.The Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to calculate a Leisure Score Index(LSI)and an estimate of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).Average daily steps and weekly aerobic steps were derived from pedometers worn by participants.Results The percentage of individuals meeting physical activity guidelines was 44.3%using LSI,49.5%using MVPA,10.8%using average daily steps,and 28.5%using weekly aerobic steps.Agreement(Cohen'sκ)between self-reported and pedometer measures ranged from 0.13(LSI vs.average daily steps)to 0.60(LSI vs.MVPA).After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates,meeting activity guidelines using all measures was associated with not experiencing severe fatigue(odds ratios(ORs):1.43–1.97).Meeting guidelines using MVPA was associated with no quality-of-life issues(OR=1.53).Meeting guidelines using both self-reported measures were associated with good sleep quality(ORs:1.33–1.40).Conclusion Less than half of all adults affected by cancer are meeting physical activity guidelines,regardless of measure.Meeting guidelines is asso

关键词： Cancer survivorship Fatigue Physical activity Quality of life SleepTagedAPTARAEnd

A surface sampling and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for the analysis of quaternary ammonium compounds collected from public transportation buses in New Jersey

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Emerging Contaminants 2022年第1期8卷 318-328页

作者： abigail Lazofsky Cathleen Doherty Patrick Szary Brian Buckley Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute Rutgers University170 Frelinghuysen RoadPiscatawayNJ08854USA Center for Advanced Infrastructure and Transportation Rutgers University100 Brett RoadPiscatawayNJ08854USA

Quaternary ammonium compounds(QACs)are a class of antimicrobial disinfectants whose use in cleaning products increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.Chemically,their low vapor pressure indicates a proclivity to persist on surfaces,and their presence suggests a level of protection against microorganisms.The widespread application of QACs in response to the SARS CoV-2 virus created a need to evaluate their longevity on surfaces,for both efficacy and possible health risks.There are however,no standardized analytical methods for QAC surface sampling and analysis,and no published studies quantifying their concentrations on mass transportation vehicles-a high occupancy,close-contact microenvironment documented to facilitate the spread the SARS CoV-2 virus.Here,we describe a robust liquid chromatography mass spectrometry(LC-MS)method for the analysis of QACs and simultaneous development of a direct surface sampling and extraction protocol.We demonstrate the applicability of the method through the analysis of surface samples collected from in-service public transportation buses.The rapid,sensitive LC-MS method included 8 target QACs quantified on a Q-Exactive HF Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer using an electrospray ionization source and Dionex UltiMate 3000 UHPLC system for analyte separation.QAC standard mixtures at concentrations between 0.1 ng mL^(-1)and 2000 ng mL^(-1)were analyzed,and chromatographic separation of all analytes was achieved in less than 10 min.All correlation coefficients were reported at r>0.986,and LODs ranged from 0.007 to 2.103 ng mL^(-1)for all compounds,confirming the method's sensitivity.A previously reported surface sampling and extraction protocol was modified to further simplify the procedure and expand the number of target compounds.The new sampling protocol was optimized from 10 commercially available wipes and 4 solvent types by quantifying recovery from the surface.Band-Aid brand small gauze pads saturated with isopropanol had the highest recovery efficiencies,ranging from 6

关键词： Alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride Alkyl(ethyl benzyl)dimethyl ammonium chloride Surface sampling Orbitrap mass spectrometry Public transportation COVID-19

Exploring the role of interleukin-27 as a regulator of neuronal survival in central nervous system diseases

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2149-2152页

作者： Andrea N.Nortey Kimberly N.Garces abigail S.Hackam Bascom Palmer Eye Institute University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Interleukin-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is involved in tissue responses to infection,cell stress,neuronal disease,and tumors.Recent studies in various tissues indicate that interleukin-27 has complex activating and inhibitory properties in innate and acquired immunity.The availability of recombinant interleukin-27 protein and mice with genetic deletions of interleukin-27,its receptors and signaling mediators have helped define the role of interleukin-27 in neurodegenerative diseases.Interleukin-27 has been well-characterized as an important regulator of T cell activation and differentiation that enhances or suppresses T cell responses in autoimmune conditions in the central nervous system.Evidence is also accumulating that interleukin-27 has neuroprotective activities in the retina and brain.Interleukin-27 is secreted from and binds to infiltrating microglia,macrophage,astrocytes,and even neurons and it promotes neuronal survival by regulating pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines,neuroinflammatory pathways,oxidative stress,apoptosis,autophagy,and epigenetic modifications.However,interleukin-27 can have the opposite effect and induce inflammation and cell death in certain situations.In this review,we describe the current understanding of regulatory activities of interleukin-27 on cell survival and inflammation and discuss its mechanisms of action in the brain,spinal cord,and retina.We also review evidence for and against the therapeutic potential of interleukin-27 for dampening harmful neuroinflammatory responses in central nervous system diseases.

关键词： central nervous system cytokine inflammatory interleukin-27 neuroprotection retina

Runx1 is a key regulator of articular cartilage homeostasis by orchestrating YAP,TGFβ,and Wnt signaling in articular cartilage formation and osteoarthritis

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Bone Research 2022年第4期10卷 882-892页

作者： Yan Zhang Tao Zuo abigail McVicar Hui-Lin Yang Yi-Ping Li Wei Chen Department of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education Biomedical Informatics and Genomics CenterSchool of Life Science and TechnologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049 ShaanxiP.R.China Department of Orthopaedics the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityOrthopaedic Institute of Soochow University899 Pinghai RoadSuzhou 215031 JiangsuP.R.China Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineTulane University School of MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA 70112USA

Runt-related transcription factor 1(Runx1)plays a key role in cartilage formation,but its function in articular cartilage formation is unclear.We generated non-inducible and inducible Runx1-deficient mice(Runx1^(f/f)Col2α1-Cre and Runx1^(f/f)Col2α1-CreER mice)and found that chondrocyte-specific Runx1-deficient mice developed a spontaneous osteoarthritis(OA)-like phenotype and showed exacerbated articular cartilage destruction under OA,characterized by articular cartilage degradation and cartilage ossification,with decreased Col2α1 expression and increased Mmp13 and Adamts5 expression.RNA-sequencing analysis of hip articular cartilage from the Runx1^(f/f)Col2α1-Cre mice compared to that from wild-type mice and subsequent validation analyses demonstrated that Runx1 is a central regulator in multiple signaling pathways,converging signals of the Hippo/Yap,TGFβ/Smad,and Wnt/β-catenin pathways into a complex network to regulate the expression of downstream genes,thereby controlling a series of osteoarthritic pathological processes.RNA-sequencing analysis of mutant knee joints showed that Runx1’s role in signaling pathways in articular cartilage is different from that in whole knee joints,indicating that Runx1 regulation is tissue-specific.Histopathologic analysis confirmed that Runx1 deficiency decreased the levels of YAP and p-Smad2/3 and increased the levels of activeβ-catenin.Overexpression of Runx1 dramatically increased YAP expression in chondrocytes.Adeno-associated virus-mediated Runx1 overexpression in the knee joints of osteoarthritic mice showed the protective effect of Runx1 on articular cartilage damaged in OA.Our results notably showed that Runx1 is a central regulator of articular cartilage homeostasis by orchestrating the YAP,TGFβ,and Wnt signaling pathways in the formation of articular cartilage and OA,and targeting Runx1 and its downstream genes may facilitate the design of novel therapeutic approaches for OA.

关键词： cartilage homeostasis protective

Atp6i deficient mouse model uncovers transforming growth factor-β1/Smad2/3 as a key signaling pathway regulating odontoblast differentiation and tooth root formation

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International Journal of Oral Science 2023年第3期15卷 390-400页

作者： Jue Wang abigail McVicar Yilin Chen Hong-Wen Deng Zhihe Zhao Wei Chen Yi-Ping Li Department of Pathology School of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamALUSA State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Center for Stomatology&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Orthodontics West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineTulane University School of MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLAUSA Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLAUSA

The biomolecular mechanisms that regulate tooth root development and odontoblast differentiation are poorly understood.We found that Atp6i deficient mice(Atp6i^(−/−))arrested tooth root formation,indicated by truncated Hertwig’s epithelial root sheath(HERS)progression.Furthermore,Atp6i deficiency significantly reduced the proliferation and differentiation of radicular odontogenic cells responsible for root formation.Atp6i^(−/−)mice had largely decreased expression of odontoblast differentiation marker gene expression profiles(Col1a1,Nfic,Dspp,and Osx)in the alveolar bone.Atp6i^(−/−)mice sample RNA-seq analysis results showed decreased expression levels of odontoblast markers.Additionally,there was a significant reduction in Smad2/3 activation,inhibiting transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)signaling in Atp6i^(−/−)odontoblasts.Through treating pulp precursor cells with Atp6i^(−/−)or wild-type OC bone resorption-conditioned medium,we found the latter medium to promote odontoblast differentiation,as shown by increased odontoblast differentiation marker genes expression(Nfic,Dspp,Osx,and Runx2).This increased expression was significantly blocked by anti-TGF-β1 antibody neutralization,whereas odontoblast differentiation and Smad2/3 activation were significantly attenuated by Atp6i^(−/−)OC conditioned medium.Importantly,ectopic TGF-β1 partially rescued root development and root dentin deposition of Atp6i^(−/−)mice tooth germs were transplanted under mouse kidney capsules.Collectively,our novel data shows that the prevention of TGF-β1 release from the alveolar bone matrix due to OC dysfunction may lead to osteopetrosis-associated root formation via impaired radicular odontoblast differentiation.As such,this study uncovers TGF-β1/Smad2/3 as a key signaling pathway regulating odontoblast differentiation and tooth root formation and may contribute to future therapeutic approaches to tooth root regeneration.

关键词： Smad2/3 impaired prevention

From Bench to the Clinic: The Path to Translation of Nanotechnology-Enabled mRNA SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第3期14卷 1-31页

作者： Diana O.Lopez‑Cantu Xichi Wang Hector Carrasco‑Magallanes Samson Afewerki Xingcai Zhang Joseph V.Bonventre Guillermo U.Ruiz‑esparza Division of Engineering in Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Division of Health Sciences and Technology Harvard University-Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBostonMA 02115USA Division of Renal Medicine Department of MedicineBrigham and Women’s HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and Sciences64849 MonterreyNLMexico Department of Cardiovascular Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022People’s Republic of China Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health BostonMA 02115USA Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Medicine and Health Sciences64849 MonterreyNLMexico John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA School of Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

During the last decades,the use of nanotechnology in med icine has effectively been translated to the design of drug delivery systems,nanostructured tissues,diagnostic platforms,and novel nanomaterials against several human diseases and infectious pathogens.Nanotechnology-enabled vaccines have been positioned as solutions to mitigate the pandemic outbreak caused by the novel pathogen severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.To fast-track the development of vaccines,unprecedented industrial and academic collaborations emerged around the world,resulting in the clinical translation of effective vaccines in less than one year.In this article,we provide an overview of the path to translation from the bench to the clinic of nanotechnology-enabled messenger ribonucleic acid vaccines and examine in detail the types of delivery systems used,their mechanisms of action,obtained results during each phase of their clinical development and their regulatory approval process.We also analyze how nanotechnology is impacting global health and economy during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.

关键词： Nanovaccines mRNA Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19