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Residual feed intake divergence during the preweaning period is associated with unique hindgut microbiome and metabolome profiles in neonatal Holstein heifer calves

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 453-467页

作者： Ahmed Elolimy abdulrahman Alharthi mohamed Zeineldin Claudia Parys Juan J.Loor mammalian NutriPhysioGenomics Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA Department of Animal Production National Research CentreDokkiGizaEgypt Carl R.Woese Institute for Genomic Biology University of IllinoisUrbanaIllinoisUSA Department of Animal medicine College of Veterinary MedicineBenha UniversityBenhaEgypt Evonik Nutrition&Care GmbH Hanau-WolfgangGermany Division of Nutritional Sciences Illinois Informatics InstituteUniversity of IllinoisUrbanaILUSA

Background:Recent studies underscored that divergence in residual feed intake(RFI)in mature beef and dairy cattle is associated with changes in ruminal microbiome and metabolome profiles which may contribute,at least in part,to better feed *** the rumen in neonatal calves during the preweaning period is underdeveloped until close to weaning,they rely on hindgut microbial fermentation to breakdown undigested diet *** leads to production of key metabolites such as volatile fatty acids(VFA),amino acids,and vitamins that could potentially be absorbed in the hind-gut and help drive growth and *** RFI divergence in neonatal calves is associated with changes in hindgut microbial communities and metabolites is largely ***,the objective of the current study was to determine differences in hindgut microbiome and metabolome in neonatal Holstein heifer calves retrospectively-grouped based on feed efficiency as mostefficient(m-eff)or least-efficient(L-eff)calves using RFI divergence during the preweaning ***:Twenty-six Holstein heifer calves received 3.8 L of first-milking colostrum from their respective dams within 6 h after *** were housed in individual outdoor hutches bedded with straw,fed twice daily with a milk replacer,and had ad libitum access to a starter grain mix from birth to weaning at 42 d of *** were classified into m-eff[n=13;RFI coefficient=−5.72±0.94 kg DmI(milk replacer+starter grain)/d]and L-eff[n=13;RFI coefficient=5.61±0.94 kg DmI(milk replacer+starter grain)/d]based on a linear regression model including the combined starter grain mix and milk replacer DmI,average daily gain(ADG),and metabolic body weight(mBW).A deep sterile rectal swab exposed only to the rectum was collected immediately at birth before colostrum feeding(i.e.,d 0),and fecal samples at d 14,28,and 42(prior to weaning)for microbiome and untargeted metabolome analyses using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and LC-mS.m

关键词： Feed efficiency Gut metabolomics microbiota Neonates Newborn Preweaning RFI

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Discoid meniscus:Treatment considerations and updates

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 520-528页

作者： Waleed Albishi Amjad Albaroudi abdulrahman m Alaseem Sarah Aljasser Ibrahim Alshaygy Abdullah Addar Department of Orthopedic Surgery College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11362Saudi Arabia

A discoid meniscus is a morphological abnormality wherein the meniscus loses its normal‘C’*** most patients are asymptomatic,patients might still present with symptoms such as locking,pain,swelling,or giving *** resonance imaging is usually needed for confirmation of *** on a constellation of factors,including clinical and radiological,different approaches are chosen for the management of discoid *** purpose of this review is to outline the treatment of discoid meniscus,starting from conservative approach,to the different surgical options for this *** Pubmed and Google Scholar databases were used for this *** discussing the treatment of discoid meniscus from 2018 to 2023 were *** there were 369 studies retrieved,and after removal of studies using the exclusion criteria,26 studies were included in this *** such as stability,presence of tear,and morphology can help with surgical *** approaches have been used to treat discoid meniscus,where the choice is tailored for each patient ***,factors that may positively impact patient outcomes include male sex,body mass indexmptom onsetmptomsmeniscectomy with or without repair;however,recently,there has been an increased emphasis on discoid-preserving techniques such as meniscoplasty,meniscopexy,and meniscal allograft transplantation.

关键词： Discoid meniscus Saucerization Partial meniscectomy meniscoplasty meniscopexy meniscal allograft transplantation Arthroscopy Knee

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Artificial Intelligence Enabled Apple Leaf Disease Classification for Precision Agriculture

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Computers, materials & Continua 2022年第3期70卷 6223-6238页

作者： Fahd N.Al-Wesabi Amani abdulrahman Albraikan Anwer mustafa Hilal majdy m.Eltahir manar Ahmed Hamza Abu Sarwar Zamani Department of Computer Science King Khalid UniversityMuhayel AseerSaudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversityYemen Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversitySaudi Arabia Department of Computer and Self Development Preparatory Year DeanshipPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharjSaudi Arabia

Precision agriculture enables the recent technological advancements in farming sector to observe,measure,and analyze the requirements of individual fields and *** recent developments of computer vision and artificial intelligence(AI)techniques find a way for effective detection of plants,diseases,weeds,pests,*** the other hand,the detection of plant diseases,particularly apple leaf diseases using AI techniques can improve productivity and reduce crop ***,earlier and precise apple leaf disease detection can minimize the spread of the *** works make use of traditional image processing techniques which cannot assure high detection rate on apple leaf *** this motivation,this paper introduces a novel AI enabled apple leaf disease classification(AIE-ALDC)technique for precision *** proposed AIE-ALDC technique involves orientation based data augmentation and Gaussian filtering based noise removal *** addition,the AIE-ALDC technique includes a Capsule Network(CapsNet)based feature extractor to generate a helpful set of feature ***,water wave optimization(WWO)technique is employed as a hyperparameter optimizer of the CapsNet ***,bidirectional long short term memory(BiLSTm)model is used as a classifier to determine the appropriate class labels of the apple leaf *** design of AIE-ALDC technique incorporating theWWO based CapsNetmodel with BiLSTm classifier shows the novelty of the *** range of experiments was performed to showcase the supremacy of the AIE-ALDC *** experimental results demonstrate the promising performance of the AIEALDC technique over the recent state of art methods.

关键词： Artificial intelligence apple leaf plant disease precision agriculture deep learning data augmentation

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mitigating Urban Heat Island Effects: A Review of Innovative Pavement Technologies and Integrated Solutions

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Structural Durability & Health monitoring 2024年第5期18卷 525-551页

作者： S.F.Ismael A.H.Alias N.A.Haron B.B.Zaidan abdulrahman m.Abdulghani Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Central Region Heavy Civil DivisionGranite ConstructionWoodlandsTexas77381USA SP Jain School of Global management LidcombeSydneyNSW2141Australia Department of Communication Technology and Network Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia

In this review paper,we present a thorough investigation into the role of pavement technologies in advancing urban *** analysis traverses the historical evolution of these technologies,meticulously evaluating their socio-economic and environmental impacts,with a particular emphasis on their role in mitigating the urban heat island *** evaluation of pavement types and variables inﬂuencing pavement performance to be used in the multi-criteria decision-making(mCDm)framework to choose the optimal pavement application are at the heart of our *** serves to assess a spectrum of pavement options,revealing insights into the most effective and sustainable *** highlighting both the existing challenges and potential innovative solutions within theﬁeld,this paper aims to offer a directional compass for future urban planning and infrastructural *** review not only synthesizes the current state of knowledge but also aims to chart a course for future exploration,emphasizing the critical need for innovative and environmentally sensitive pavement tech-nologies in the creation of resilient and sustainable urban environments.

关键词： Pavement sustainability urban heat island environmental impact of pavements innovative pavement solutions economic and social implications sustainable development in urban areas

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Occupational injuries and burn out among orthopedic oncology surgeons

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2022年第12期13卷 1056-1063页

作者： abdulrahman m Alaseem Robert E Turcotte Nathalie Ste-marie mohammad m Alzahrani Saad m Alqahtani Krista A Goulding Department of Orthopedic Surgery College of MedicineKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 12372Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopedic Surgery McGill University Health CentreMontreal H4A3J1Canada Department of Orthopedic Surgery College of MedicineImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal universityDammam 34212Saudi Arabia Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mayo ClinicPhoenixArizona 85054USA

BACKGROUND Orthopedic oncology surgeons commonly engage in prolonged and complex surgical *** types of surgeries increase the risk of physical and psychological stressors,which may in turn make these physicians prone to workrelated occupational *** The aim of this study was to explore in orthopedic oncologists,the prevalence of work-related physical injuries and psychological *** A modified version of the physical discomfort survey was developed to assess occupational injuries among orthopedic oncology surgeon members of the musculoskeletal Tumor Society,the Canadian Orthopedic Oncology Society and European musculoskeletal Oncology *** survey was sent by email,and it explored musculoskeletal complaints,psychological disturbances,treatment required for these complaints and the requirement of time off *** A total of 67 surgeon responses were collected.A high number of orthopedic oncologists(84%)reported an occupational *** back pain(39%)was the most prevalent musculoskeletal condition,followed by lumbar disk herniation(16%),shoulder tendinitis(15%)and lateral epicondylitis(13%).Of the cohort,46%required surgery and 31%required time off work due to their ***-three respondents reported a psychological ***(27%),anxiety(20%)and insomnia(20%)were the most commonly *** required off work due to injury was associated with old age and years in *** Orthopedic oncology surgeons report a high prevalence of work-related *** back related injury and burnout were the most reported *** operative room ergonomics and prevention of stress related to the work environment should be areas to explore in upcoming research.

关键词： Orthopedic oncology Surgeons Occupational musculoskeletal Injuries

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Sailfish Optimizer with EfficientNet model for Apple Leaf Disease Detection

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Computers, materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 217-233页

作者： mazen mushabab Alqahtani Ashit Kumar Dutta Sultan Almotairi m.Ilayaraja Amani abdulrahman Albraikan Fahd N.Al-Wesabi mesfer Al Duhayyim Physical Therapy Department Majmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Information Systems College of Applied SciencesAlMaarefa UniversityAd Diriyah13713RiyadhSaudi Arabia Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Faculty of Community CollegeMajmaah UniversityMajmaah11952Saudi Arabia School of Computing Kalasalingam Academy of Research and EducationKrishnankoil626128India Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Science&Art at MahayilKing Khalid University62529Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computer and IT Sana’a UniversitySana’a1247Yemen Department of Natural and Applied Sciences College of Community-AflajPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia

Recent developments in digital cameras and electronic gadgets coupled with machine Learning(mL)and Deep Learning(DL)-based automated apple leaf disease detection models are commonly employed as reasonable alternatives to traditional visual inspection *** this background,the current paper devises an Effective Sailfish Optimizer with EfficientNet-based Apple Leaf disease detection(ESFO-EALD)*** goal of the proposed ESFO-EALD technique is to identify the occurrence of plant leaf diseases *** this scenario,median Filtering(mF)approach is utilized to boost the quality of apple plant leaf ***,SFO with Kapur’s entropy-based segmentation technique is also utilized for the identification of the affected plant region from test ***,Adam optimizer with EfficientNet-based feature extraction and Spiking Neural Network(SNN)-based classification are employed to detect and classify the apple plant leaf images.A wide range of simulations was conducted to ensure the effective outcomes of ESFO-EALD technique on benchmark *** results reported the supremacy of the proposed ESFO-EALD approach than the existing approaches.

关键词： Agriculture computer vision image processing deep learning metaheuristics image segmentation

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maternal betaine suppresses adrenal expression of cholesterol trafficking genes and decreases plasma corticosterone concentration in offspring pullets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 241-250页

作者： Halima Abobaker Yun Hu Nagmeldin A.Omer Zhen Hou abdulrahman A.Idriss Ruqian Zhao mOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health&Food Safety Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology&Biochemistry Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095People’s Republic of China College of Allied medical Sciences University of Nyala155 NyalaSudan.

Background:Laying hens supplemented with betaine demonstrate activated adrenal steroidogenesis and deposit higher corticosterone(CORT)in the egg *** we further investigate the effect of maternal betaine on the plasma CORT concentration and adrenal expression of steroidogenic genes in offspring ***:maternal betaine significantly reduced(Pma CORT concentration and the adrenal expression of vimentin that is involved in trafficking cholesterol to the mitochondria for utilization in offspring ***,voltage-dependent anion channel 1 and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein,the two mitochondrial proteins involved in cholesterol influx,were both down-regulated at m RNA and protein ***,enzymes responsible for steroid syntheses,such as cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 and cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2,were significantly(Pm RNA or protein levels in the adrenal gland of pullets derived from betaine-supplemented ***,expression of transcription factors,such as steroidogenic factor-1,sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and c AmP response element-binding protein,was significantly(Pm target genes,such as 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase,LDL receptor and sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating *** promoter regions of most steroidogenic genes were significantly(Pmethylated,although methyl transfer enzymes,such as AHCYL,GNmT1 and BHmT were ***:These results indicate that the reduced plasma CORT in betaine-supplemented offspring pullets is linked to suppressed cholesterol trafficking into the mitochondria,despite the activation of cholesterol and corticosteroid synthetic genes associated with promoter hypomethylation.

关键词： Adrenal gland Chicken Cholesterol Corticosterone maternal betaine Steroidogenesis

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Perceptions of emergency medicine residents on the quality of residency training in the United States and Saudi Arabia

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World Journal of Emergency medicine 2018年第1期9卷 5-12页

作者： Ahmad Aalam mark Zocchi Khalid Alyami Abdullah Shalabi Abdullah Bakhsh Asaad Alsufyani abdulrahman Sabbagh mohammed Alshahrani Jesse m.Pines Department of Emergency medicine King Abdulaziz University Department of Emergency medicine The George Washington University Center for Healthcare Innovation and Policy Research The George Washington University Department of Pediatrics University of Dammam Department of Emergency medicine King Abdulaziz Medical City National Guard Hospital Department of Emergency medicine University of Toledo Department of Emergency medicine King Fahad Medical City

BACKGROUND: We compare educational environments(i.e. physical, emotional and intellectual experiences) of emergency medicine(Em) residents training in the United States of America(USA) and Saudi Arabia(SA).mETHODS: A cross-sectional survey study was conducted using an adapted version of the validated Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment measure(PHEEm) survey instrument from April 2015 through June 2016 to compare educational environments in all emergency medicine residency programs in SA and three selected programs in the USA with a history of training Saudi physicians. Overall scores were compared across programs, and for subscales(autonomy, teaching, and social Support), using chi-squared, t-tests, and analysis of ***: A total of 219 surveys were returned for 260 residents across six programs(3 SA, 3 USA), with a response rate of 84%. Program-specific response rates varied from 79%–100%. All six residencies were qualitatively rated as "more positive than negative but room for improvement". Quantitative PHEEm scores for the USA programs were significantly higher: 118.7 compared to 109.9 for SA, P=0.001. In subscales, perceptions of social support were not different between the two countries(P=0.243); however, role autonomy(Pms. There were no significant differences by post-graduate training ***: Em residents in all three emergency medicine residency programs in SA and the three USA programs studied perceive their training as high quality in general, but with room for improvements. USA residency programs scored higher in overall quality. This was driven by more favorable perceptions of role autonomy and teaching. Understanding how residents perceive their programs may help drive targeted quality improvement efforts.

关键词： Emergency medicine residents Residency training United States of America Saudi Arabia

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Tensile Strain Capacity Prediction of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) Using Soft Computing Techniques

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Computer modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第3期138卷 2925-2954页

作者： Rabar H.Faraj Hemn Unis Ahmed Hardi Saadullah Fathullah Alan Saeed abdulrahman Farid Abed Civil Engineering Department University of HalabjaHalabjaIraq University of Sulaimani College of EngineeringCivil Engineering DepartmentSulaimaniIraq Civil Engineering Department Komar University of Science and TechnologySulaimaniIraq Department of Engineering Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific ResearchesSulaimaniIraq Department of Civil Engineering American University of SharjahSharjah26666UAE

Plain concrete is strong in compression but brittle in tension,having a low tensile strain capacity that can significantly degrade the long-term performance of concrete structures,even when steel reinforcing is *** order to address these challenges,short polymer fibers are randomly dispersed in a cement-based matrix to forma highly ductile engineered cementitious composite(ECC).Thismaterial exhibits high ductility under tensile forces,with its tensile strain being several hundred times greater than conventional *** concrete is inherently weak in tension,the tensile strain capacity(TSC)has become one of the most extensively researched *** a result,developing a model to predict the TSC of the ECC and to optimize the mixture proportions becomes ***,the effort required for laboratory trial batches to determine the TSC is *** achieve the research objectives,five distinct models,artificial neural network(ANN),nonlinear model(NLR),linear relationship model(LR),multi-logistic model(mLR),and m5P-tree model(m5P),are investigated and employed to predict the TSCof ECCmixtures containing fly *** from115 mixtures are gathered and analyzed to develop a new *** input variables include mixture proportions,fiber length and diameter,and the time required for curing the various *** model’s effectiveness is evaluated and verified based on statistical parameters such as R2,mean absolute error(mAE),scatter index(SI),root mean squared error(RmSE),and objective function(OBJ)***,the ANN model outperforms the others in predicting the TSC of the ECC,with RmSE,mAE,OBJ,SI,and R2 values of 0.42%,0.3%,0.33%,0.135%,and 0.98,respectively.

关键词： Engineered cementitious composites fly ash curing time tensile strain capacity modeling

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Questioning the media： The Role of Yemeni media in the Youth Revolution

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Journalism and mass Communication 2013年第7期3卷 443-451页

作者： abdulrahman m. A1-Shami Sana'a University Sana'a Yemen

This article investigates the role of national television channels ＂NTC＂ toward what has been termed ＂Yemeni Youth-and-Popular Revolution＂. It employs the main principles of professional and ethical journalistic practices. The article argues that NTC coverage for this revolution sometimes goes beyond informing people to other forms of propaganda. It concludes that professional and ethical media performance would better serve the interests of Yemeni audiences, including their desire for bringing change. moreover, ownership is not the only issue when it comes to free press and the right to communication. However, establishing a stable system for media performance based on consensual rules on one hand, and professionalism and ethics, on the other, is fundamental for media reform in Yemen.

关键词： "Yemeni Youth-and-Popular Revolution" Arab Spring Friday of Dignity squares of change,propaganda devices

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