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Hepatitis E virus: Epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第37期26卷 5543-5560页

作者： abdullah tarık aslan Hatice Yasemin Balaban Department of Internal Medicine Gölhisar State HospitalBurdur 15100Turkey Department of Gastroenterology Hacettepe University Faculty of MedicineAnkara 06100Turkey

The hepatitis E virus(HEV)is the fifth known form of viral hepatitis and was first recognized as the cause of an epidemic of unexplained acute hepatitis in the early ***,it is one of the most frequent causes of acute viral *** majority of HEV infections are asymptomatic and lead to the spontaneous clearance of the *** the eight different genotypes identified to date,HEV genotype 1(HEV1),HEV2,HEV3,and HEV4 are the most frequent genotypes causing infections in ***1 and HEV2 are prevalent in developing regions and able to result in large-scale outbreaks originating from contaminated water *** are also responsible for severe hepatitis in pregnant patients and *** contrast,HEV3 and HEV4 are zoonotic,and the transmission of these genotypes to humans occurs mainly through the fecal contamination of water and consumption of contaminated meat from infected *** main reservoir is the pig,and they are mostly encountered in developed *** major risk groups for HEV infection and its ensuing adverse consequences are pregnant women,infants,older people,immunocompromised individuals,patients with underlying chronic liver diseases,and workers that come into close contact with HEV-infected *** the clinical perspective,HEV infections have diverse clinical manifestations including acute and self-limiting hepatitis,acute-on-chronic liver disease,chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,and liver *** HEV mainly results in acute selflimiting infection,chronic HEV infection may occur among immunocompromised patients(e.g.,solid-organ transplant recipients).Additionally,HEV-associated extrahepatic manifestations involving various organs have been reported in the last decade,although the causal link for many of them still needs to be *** and interferon-alpha are the most widely used agents for the treatment of HEV infections with a certain level of ***,ribavirin is contraindicated in pregnan

关键词： Hepatitis E Hepatitis E virus Extrahepatic manifestations Zoonotic infection Chronic hepatitis Acute hepatitis

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Estimation of peak runoff and frequency in an ungauged stream of a forested watershed for flood hazard mapping

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第2期30卷 555-564页

作者： Refik karagül tar?k ?itgez Department of Forest Engineering Faculty of ForestryDuzce University Konuralp Campus

kaynasli District in the western Black Sea region of Turkey has long been vulnerable to frequent flood damage due to the establishment of settlements within and around stream channels without regard to fluctuating peakstreamflow frequencies. The aim of this research was to determine the measures needed to protect the towns and villages from this type of damage. Daily total precipitation data for 1975–2010 were analysed, and rainfall-runoff models developed to estimate the potential yearly maximum discharge from each stream of sub-watersheds dominated by forests and/or agriculture. This was then calculated for different frequencies of the yearly maximum discharge. Flood analysis and mapping was modified via the one-dimensional Hydrologic Engineering CentersRiver Analysis System software to produce potential maximum discharge and geometric data for kaynasli Creek. As the main creek of the sub-watershed, its crosssection was shown to be insufficient and incapable of containing the maximum discharge at the 100-year frequency presumed for the watershed, and subsequently was seen as having a high level of casualty risk. It was concluded that the one dimensional model could be useful, but 2D models were more suitable for these types of watersheds.

关键词： Flood frequency analysis Floodplain mapping Flow simulation Hydrologic Engineering Centers-River Analysis System(HEC-RAS) Soil Conservation Service Curve Number(SCS-CN)

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Periodic Orbits for Some Systems of Delay Differential Equations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2008年第2期24卷 267-274页

作者： Jaume LLIBRE Alexandrina-Alina tar■A Departament de Matemàtiques Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Bellaterra Barcelona Spain Department of Applied Mathematics Babe■-Bolyai University1 Kogalniceanu str. 400084 Cluj-Napoca Cluj Romania

We provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic orbits of some systems of delay differential equations with a unique delay. We extend kaplan-Yorke＇s method for finding periodic orbits from a delay diff... 详细信息

关键词： delay differential system periodic orbit

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Dynamic Forecasting of Traffic Event Duration in Istanbul:A Classification Approach with Real-Time Data Integration

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 2259-2281页

作者： Mesut Ulu Yusuf Sait Türkan kenan Menguc Ersin Namlı tarık kucukdeniz Occupational Health and Safety Department Bandirma Onyedi Eylul UniversityBalikesir10200Türkiye Department of Industrial Engineering Istanbul University-CerrahpasaIstanbul34320Türkiye Department of Industrial Engineering Istanbul Technical UniversityIstanbul34467Türkiye

Today,urban traffic,growing populations,and dense transportation networks are contributing to an increase in traffic *** incidents include traffic accidents,vehicle breakdowns,fires,and traffic disputes,resulting in long waiting times,high carbon emissions,and other undesirable *** is vital to estimate incident response times quickly and accurately after traffic incidents occur for the success of incident-related planning and response *** study presents a model for forecasting the traffic incident duration of traffic events with high *** proposed model goes through a 4-stage process using various features to predict the duration of four different traffic events and presents a feature reduction approach to enable real-time data collection and *** the first stage,the dataset consisting of 24,431 data points and 75 variables is prepared by data collection,merging,missing data processing and data *** the second stage,models such as Decision Trees(DT),k-Nearest Neighbour(kNN),Random Forest(RF)and Support Vector Machines(SVM)are used and hyperparameter optimisation is performed with *** the third stage,feature selection and reduction are performed and real-time data are *** the last stage,model performance with 14 variables is evaluated with metrics such as accuracy,precision,recall,F1-score,MCC,confusion matrix and *** RF model outperforms other models with an accuracy of 98.5%.The study’s prediction results demonstrate that the proposed dynamic prediction model can achieve a high level of success.

关键词： Traffic event duration forecasting machine learning feature reduction shapley additive explanations(SHAP)

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Catalytic steam reforming of tar for enhancing hydrogen production from biomass gasification:a review

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Frontiers in Energy 2020年第3期14卷 545-569页

作者： Ru Shien TAN Tuan Amran TUAN abdullah Anwar JOHARI khairuddin MD ISA Centre of Hydrogen Energy Institute of Future EnergySchool of Chemical and Energy EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 SkudaiJohorMalaysia School of Environmental Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisKompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 302600 ArauPerlisMalaysia

Presently,the global search for alternative renewable energy sources is rising due to the depletion of fossil fuel and rising greenhouse gas(GHG)*** alternatives,hydrogen(H2)produced from biomass gasification is considered a green energy sector,due to its environmentally friendly,sustainable,and renewable ***,tar formation along with syngas is a severe impediment to biomass conversion efficiency,which results in process-related ***,tar consists of various hydrocarbons(HCs),which are also sources for ***,catalytic steam reforming is an effective technique to address tar formation and improve H2 production from biomass *** the various classes in existence,supported metal catalysts are considered the most *** paper focuses on the current researching status,prospects,and challenges of steam reforming of gasified biomass ***,it includes recent developments in tar compositional analysis,supported metal catalysts,along with the reactions and process conditions for catalytic steam ***,it discusses alternatives such as dry and autothermal reforming of tar.

关键词： hydrogen biomass gasification tar steam reforming catalyst

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MicroRNA-155 mediates endogenous angiotensin II type 1 receptor regulation:implications for innovative type 2 diabetes mellitus management

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World Journal of Diabetes 2023年第9期14卷 1334-1340页

作者： konstantinos I Papadopoulos Alexandra Papadopoulou tar-Choon Aw Department of R&D THAI StemLifeBangkok 10310Thailand Occupational and Environmental Health Services Feelgood LundLund 223-63SkåneSweden Department of Laboratory Medicine Changi General HospitalSingapore 529889SingaporeSingapore Department of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228SingaporeSingapore

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a lifelong condition and a threat to human *** understanding of its pathogenesis is acutely needed in order to devise innovative,preventative,and potentially curative pharmacological ***(miRNA),are small,non-coding,one-stranded RNA molecules,that can target and silence around 60%of all human genes through translational ***-155 is an ancient,evolutionarily well-conserved miRNA,with distinct expression profiles and multifunctionality,and a target repertoire of over 241 genes involved in numerous physiological and pathological processes including hematopoietic lineage differentiation,immunity,inflammation,viral infections,cancer,cardiovascular conditions,and particularly diabetes ***-155 Levels are progressively reduced in aging,obesity,sarcopenia,and ***,the loss of coordinated repression of multiple miR-155 targets acting as negative regulators,such as C/EBPβ,HDAC4,and SOCS1 impacts insulin signaling,deteriorating glucose homeostasis,and causing insulin resistance(IR).Moreover,deranged regulation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system(RAAS)through loss of Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor downregulation,and negated repression of ETS-1,results in unopposed detrimental Angiotensin II effects,further promoting ***,loss of BACH1 and SOCS1 repression abolishes cytoprotective,anti-oxidant,anti-apoptotic,and anti-inflam matory cellular pathways,and promotesβ-cell *** contrast to RAAS inhibitor treatments that further decrease already reduced miR-155 Levels,strategies to increase an ailing miR-155 production in T2DM,e.g.,the use of metformin,mineralocorticoid receptor blockers(spironolactone,eplerenone,finerenone),and verapamil,alone or in various combinations,represent current treatment *** the future,direct tissue delivery of miRNA analogs is likely.

关键词： Angiotensin II Angiotensin II type 1 receptor Arginase 2 L-type calcium channel Mineralocorticoid receptor MiRNA-155 Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system Type 1/2 diabetes mellitus Verapamil

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Age and genotype dependent erythropoietin protection in COVID-19

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第10期13卷 1513-1529页

作者： konstantinos I Papadopoulos Warachaya Sutheesophon Somjate Manipalviratn tar-Choon Aw Department of Research and Development THAI StemLifeBangkok 10310Thailand Laboratory Department THAI StemLifeBangkok 10310Thailand Department of Reproductive Endocrinology Jetanin Institute for Assisted ReproductionBangkok 10330Thailand Department of Laboratory Medicine Changi General HospitalSingapore 529889Singapore Department of Medicine National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore

Erythropoietin(EPO)is the main mediator of erythropoiesis and an important tissue protective hormone that appears to mediate an ancestral neuroprotective innate immune response mechanism at an early *** the young brain is threatened-prematurity,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,malaria-EPO is hypersecreted disproportionately to any concurrent anemic *** eons of severe malarial selection pressure,neuroprotective EPO augmenting genetic determinants such as the various hemoglobinopathies,and the angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)I/D polymorphism,have been positively *** malarial and other cerebral threats abate and the young child survives to adulthood,EPO *** high ACE and angiotensin II(Ang II)levels through the ACE D allele in adulthood may then become detrimental as witnessed by epidemiological *** ubiquitous renin angiotensin system(RAS)influences theα-klotho/fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF23)circuitry,and both are interconnected with *** we propose that at a young age,EPO augmenting genetic determinants through ACE D allele elevated Ang II levels in some or HbE/beta thalassemia in others would increase EPO levels and shield against coronavirus disease 2019,akin to protection from malaria and dengue *** evolution may use ACE2 as a“bait”for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)to gain cellular entry in order to trigger an ACE/ACE2 imbalance and stimulate EPO hypersecretion using tissue RAS,uncoupled from hemoglobin *** subjects without EPO augmenting genetic determinants at any age,ACE2 binding and internalization upon SARS-CoV-2 entry would trigger an ACE/ACE2 imbalance,and Ang II oversecretion leading to protective EPO *** children,low nasal ACE2 Levels would beneficially augment this imbalance,especially for those without protective genetic *** the other hand,in predisposed adults with the ACE D allele,ACE/ACE2 imbalance,may lead to uncontrolled RAS overactiv

关键词： Erythropoietin Angiotensin converting enzyme Angiotensin II Hemoglobinopathy Malaria Coronavirus disease 2019 Fibroblast growth factor 23

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Severe Acute Hepatitis of Unknown Origin in Children: What Do We know Today?

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第4期10卷 711-717页

作者： María Teresa Pérez-Gracia Antonio tarín-Pelló Beatriz Suay-García Área de Microbiología.Departamento de Farmacia Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU.CEU UniversitiesAlfara del Patri-arca(Valencia)Spain ESI International Chair@CEU-UCH Departamento de MatemáticasFísica y Ciencias TecnológicasUniversidad Cardenal Herrera-CEUCEU UniversitiesAlfara del Patriarca(Valencia)Spain

In May 2022, the Uk International Health Regulations National Focal Point notified World Health Organization of 176 cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children under 10 years of age. From that moment on, cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown origin in children began to be reported in several countries. As of June 17, 2022, a total of 991 cases had been reported in 35 countries worldwide, 50 children needed a liver transplant and 28 patients died. According to information published by ECDC, 449 cases have been detected in 21 EU countries. The children were between 1 month and 16 years of age. Adenovirus was detected in 62.2% of the analyzed samples. So far, the cause of these cases is unknown and many hypotheses remain open, but hepatitis A-E viruses and COVID-19 vaccines have been ruled out. A possible hypothesis has been published to explain the cause of these cases of severe hepatitis, according to which it could be a consequence of adenovirus infection in the intestine in healthy children previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. No other clear epidemiological risk factors have been identified to date. Thus, at this time, the etiology of the current cases of hepatitis remains under active investigation.

关键词： Hepatitis Children Unknown origin SARS-CoV-2 Adenovirus

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Morphological differences among the Garra rufa populations(Cyprınıdae)in Tigris River system of Southeast Turkey

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第7期4卷 521-526页

作者： tarık Cicek Serbest Bilici Erhan Ünlü Department of Biology Section of HydrobiologyFaculty of ScienceDicle University21000DiyarbakırTurkey Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureSırnak University73000SırnakTurkey

Objective:To determine morphometric and meristic variations betweenGarra rufa(***)samples obtained from different locality in Tigris ***:Transformed morphometric characters were subjected to discriminant analysis and according to grouping model,number of discriminant function and morphologic variation between populations with respect to their importance of explaining total variation were ***:Success rate of classifying the groups according to the results of discriminant analysis of morphometric characters *** individuals,belonging to seven different localities of Tigris and Euphrates river system revealed as 56.7%.Savur stream group showed different distribution from the other *** rate of classifying the groups according to the discriminant analysis of meristic characters *** individuals appeared as 56.32%.Conclusions:Devege?idi Dam Lake and kulp stream groups were the ones which showed the most different distributions in the discriminant *** locality groups *** individuals belonging to Cyprinidae family,meristic and especially morphometric variations were significantly found in the consequent of discriminant analysis.

关键词： Garra rufa Tigris River Morphological Discriminant analysis Cyprinidae

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Giant hepatic hydatid cyst: A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第16期13卷 2388-2389页

作者： Ali Ezer tar■k Zafer Nursal Turgut Noyan Gkhan Moray Department of General Surgery Baskent University Faculty of Medicine 06490-Ankara Turkey

Large type 1 cysts are prone to perforation. Furthermore, insufficient drainage with subsequent abscess is a frequent problem of large cysts. We report here a case of a 19-year old man who was admitted to the hospital with pain in the right upper quadrant and epigastric region. An asymmetrical right upper quadrant enlargement was detected on physical examination. UItrasonography and computerized tomography revealed a type 1 giant hydatid cyst in the right hepatic lobe, measuring 16 cm in diameter. During operation, partial cystectomy and drainage were done. The large dead space was obliterated by the ＇sandwich＇ method. Omentum and gelatin sponges were used to fill the cavity. The postoperative period was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the 5^th postoperative day.

关键词： Echinococcosis Surgery Residual cavity

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