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Epilepsy and the gut: Perpetrator or victim?

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2022年第5期13卷 143-156页

作者： Mohammed al-Beltagi Nermin Kamal Saeed Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31527AlgharbiaEgypt Department of Pediatrics University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medica CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama 26671Bahrain Department of Pediatrics University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityDr.Sulaiman Al Habib Medical GroupManama 26671Bahrain Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologySalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama 26612Bahrain Department of Microbiology Irish Royal College of SurgeonBusaiteen 15503MuharraqBahrain

The brain and the gut are linked together with a complex,bi-path link known as the gut-brain axis through the central and enteric nervous ***,the brain directly affects and controls the gut through various neurocrine and endocrine processes,and the gut impacts the brain via different *** is a central nervous system(CNS)disorder with abnormal brain activity,causing repeated seizures due to a transient excessive or synchronous alteration in the brain’s electrical *** to the strong relationship between the enteric and the CNS,gastrointestinal dysfunction may increase the risk of ***,about 2.5%of patients with epilepsy were misdiagnosed as having gastrointestinal disorders,especially in children below the age of one *** dysbiosis also has a significant role in ***,in turn,affects the gastrointestinal tract in different forms,such as abdominal aura,epilepsy with abdominal pain,and the adverse effects of medications on the gut and the gut *** with abdominal pain,a type of temporal lobe epilepsy,is an uncommon cause of abdominal *** also can present with postictal states with gastrointestinal manifestations such as postictal hypersalivation,hyperphagia,or compulsive water *** the same time,antiseizure medications have many gastrointestinal side *** the other hand,some antiseizure medications may improve some gastrointestinal *** gut manipulations were used successfully to manage ***,probiotics,synbiotics,postbiotics,a ketogenic diet,fecal microbiota transplantation,and vagus nerve stimulation were used successfully to treat some patients with *** manipulations,such as omental transposition,still need more *** narrative review will discuss the different ways the gut and epilepsy affect each other.

关键词： Epilepsy Epilepsy with abdominal pain Gut Gastrointestinal diseases Gut-brain-microbiota axis Abdominal aura Ketogenic diet Abdominal migraine

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维吾尔语哈密次方言中的古代成分

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民族语文 2011年第1期 78-80,F0003页

作者：阿尔斯兰.阿不都拉新疆大学人文学院新疆大学文科基地 830046

本文以公元11世纪麻赫穆德·喀什噶里的《突厥语大词典》为依据,分析维吾尔语哈密次方言中保留的部分古代突厥语语音和语法特点。

关键词：古代突厥语维吾尔语方言哈密《突厥语大词典》成分语法特点语音

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Renal calcification in children with renal tubular acidosis:What a paediatrician should know

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2023年第5期12卷 295-309页

作者： Mohammed al-Beltagi Nermin Kamal Saeed Adel Salah Bediwy Reem Elbeltagi Samir Hasan Mohamed Basiony Hamza Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Pediatrics University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityDr.Sulaiman Al Habib Medical GroupManamaBahrainManama 26671ManamaBahrain Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologySalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama 12ManamaBahrain Medical Microbiology Section Department of PathologyIrish Royal College of SurgeonBahrainBusaiteen 15503MuharraqBahrain Department of Pulmonology Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31527AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Chest Disease University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityDr.Sulaiman Al Habib Medical GroupManamaManama 26671ManamaBahrain Department of Medicine The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-BahrainBusiateen 15503MuharraqBahrain Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta University HospitalTanta 31511AlgharbiaEgypt Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlgharbiaEgypt

Renal tubular acidosis(RTA)can lead to renal calcification in children,which can cause various complications and impair renal *** review provides pediatricians with a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between RTA and renal calcification,highlighting essential aspects for clinical *** article analyzed relevant studies to explore the prevalence,risk factors,underlying mechanisms,and clinical implications of renal calcification in children with *** show that distal RTA(type 1)is particularly associated with nephrocalcinosis,which presents a higher risk of renal ***,there are limitations to the existing literature,including a small number of studies,heterogeneity in methodologies,and potential publication *** data and control groups are also lacking,which limits our understanding of longterm outcomes and optimal management strategies for children with RTA and renal *** play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and management of RTA to mitigate the risk of renal calcification and associated *** addition,alkaline therapy remains a cornerstone in the treatment of RTA,aimed at correcting the acid-base imbalance and reducing the formation of kidney ***,early diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic interventions are paramount in preventing and managing renal calcification to preserve renal function and improve long-term outcomes for affected *** research with larger sample sizes and rigorous methodologies is needed to optimize the clinical approach to renal calcification in the context of RTA in the pediatric population.

关键词： Renal tubular acidosis Nephrocalcinosis Renal calcification Hypercalciuria Kidney stones Metabolic acidosis Children

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Hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea in Caucasian children

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World Journal of Cardiology 2010年第8期2卷 251-256页

作者： Valerie Kirk Julian Midgley Michael Giuffre Paul Ronksley alberto Nettel-Aguirre abdulla al-Shamrani Division of Respiratory Medicine University of CalgaryAlberta Children's Hospital Division of Nephrology University of CalgaryAlberta Children's Hospital Division of Cardiology University of CalgaryAlberta Children's Hospital Department of Pediatrics and Community Health Sciences Department University of CalgaryAlberta Children's Hospital

AIM:To evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and/or left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) in children with a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea(OSA).METHODS:A cross-sectional case series of consecutive,otherwise healthy children aged > 4 years,with polysomnography-proven OSA [apnea hypopnea index(AHI) > 1.5/h] is *** was performed on all subjects and left ventricular mass was *** subjects underwent additional investigation with 24-h ambulatory blood pressure(BP) ***:Thirty children(21 males) were *** age was 8.9 *** body mass index was 19.87 kg/*** AHI was 14.3/h.10/30(33%) of the study population met criteria for pre-hypertension(n = 3) or masked hypertension(n = 7) based on standard ambulatory monitoring *** 10 children had systolic hypertension throughout the night with 5 of these also having elevated daytime systolic *** was a relationship between AHI and BP showing an increase of 1.162 percentile units in mean diastolic night BP(age,gender and height specific) per unit increase in AHI(P = 0.018).There were no subjects with LVH and/or right ventricular ***:In our population of otherwise healthy Caucasian children,there was a high prevalence of hypertension that would not have been identified using standard office/clinic protocols.

关键词： Blood pressure Sleep apnea Cardiovascular complications Pediatrics

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Parental transmission of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a highly endogamous population

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World Journal of Diabetes 2013年第2期4卷 40-46页

作者： Abdulbari Bener Mohammad T Yousafzai abdulla OAA al-Hamaq Abdul-Ghani Mohammad Ralph A DeFronzo Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology Hamad Medical Corporation Department of Evidence for Population Health Unit School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences The University of Manchester Qatar Diabetic Association and Qatar Foundation Division of Diabetes University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

AIM: To determine the parental transmission of diabetes mellitus (DM) and evaluate its influence on the clinical characteristics. METHODS: This was a cross sectional study. The survey was carried out in urban and semi-urban primary health care centers. Of the 2400 registered with diagnosed diabetes, 1980 agreed and gave their consent to take part in this study, thus giving a response rate of 82.5%. Face to face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire followed by laboratory tests. DM was defined according to the World Health Organization expert group. A trained nurse performedphysical examinations and measurements. RESULTS: Of the study population, 72.9% reported a family history of DM. Family history of DM was significantly higher in females (54.2%; P = 0.04) and in the age group below 30 years (24%; P alence of diabetes was higher among patients with a diabetic mother (25.4% vs 22.1%) and maternal aunts/uncles (31.2% vs 22.2%) compared to patients with a diabetic father and paternal aunts/ uncles. Family history of DM was higher in patients of consanguineous parents (38.5%) than those of non-consanguineous parents (30.2%). The development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complications was higher in patients with either a paternal or maternal history of DM than in those without. No significant difference was observed in the metabolic characteristics of patients with/without family history of DM except for hypertension. Complications were higher in diabetic patients with a family history of DM. CONCLUSION: The present study found a significant maternal effect in transmission of T2DM. Family history is associated with the increased incidence of diabetes.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Family history Parental transmission Genetic disorders Consanguinity Maternal transmission

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Bacterial co-infection in patients with SARS-CoV-2 in the Kingdom of Bahrain

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World Journal of Virology 2021年第4期10卷 168-181页

作者： Nermin Kamal Saeed Safaa al-Khawaja Jameela alsalman Safiya almusawi Noor Ahmed albalooshi Mohammed al-Biltagi Medical Microbiology Section Pathology DepartmentSalmaniya Medical ComplexManama 00000Bahrain Microbiology Department Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland-BahrainManama 00000Bahrain Infection Disease Unit Department of Internal MedicineSalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama 00000Bahrain Department of Infectious Disease Arabian Gulf UniversityManama 00000Bahrain Department of Pediatrics University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityManama 00000Bahrain Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 000000Al GharbiaEgypt

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic presents a significant challenge to the medical profession,increasing in the presence of microbial *** and Fungal co-infections increase the risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with *** To study the bacterial profile in patients with COVID-19 who needed admission to receive treatment in the main centres concerned with managing COVID-19 disease in the Kingdom of *** The study was a retrospective observational analysis of the bacterial profile and the bacterial resistance in patients with confirmed COVID-19 disease who needed admission to receive treatment in the main centres assigned to manage patients with COVID-19 disease in the Kingdom of Bahrain from February to October *** used the electronic patients’records and the microbiology laboratory data to identify patients’demographics,clinical data,microbial profile,hospital or community-acquired,and the *** The study included 1380 patients admitted with confirmed COVID-19 disease during the study period.51%were admitted from February to June,and 49%were admitted from July to October 2020,with a recurrence rate was 0.36%.There was a significant increase in bacterial and fungal co-infection in the second period compared to the first *** most common isolated organisms were the gram-negative bacteria(mainly Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,and Escherichia coli),the grampositive bacteria(mainly coagulase negative Staphylococci,Enterococcus faecium,Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus aureus)and fungaemia(Candida galabrata,Candida tropicalis,Candida albicans,Aspergillus fumigatus,Candida parapsilosis,Aspergillus niger).The hospital-acquired infection formed 73.8%,61.6%,100%gram-negative,gram-positive and *** of the hospital-acquired infection occurred in the second period with a higher death rate than communityacquired infections

关键词： COVID-19 Bacterial co-infection Fungi Hospital-acquired infection Kingdom of Bahrain

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Restructuring nephrology services to combat COVID-19 pandemic:Report from a Middle Eastern country

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World Journal of Nephrology 2020年第2期9卷 9-17页

作者： Muhammad Asim Mohamad alkadi abdullah Hamad Muftah Othman Essa Abuhelaiqa Omar Fituri IhabEl-Madhoun Hassan al-Malki Nephrology Division Department of MedicineHamad Medical CorporationDoha 3050Qatar

Coronavirus disease 2019 has spread across the world and has been classified as a *** has overwhelmed the healthcare ***,it has overstretched the intensive care units and renal replacement therapy services in many *** this paper,we discuss the reconfiguration of nephrology services in the State of Qatar during the current *** highlight the key strategies that have been implemented to ensure that renal replacement therapy capacity is not constrained in either the intensive care or ambulatory *** innovative approaches for the safe delivery of ambulatory care to dialysis and kidney transplant patients are also discussed.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 Nephrology Pandemic Renal replacement therapy Infection control

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MSDM: Maximally Spatial Disjoint Multipath Routing Protocol for MANET

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Communications and Network 2013年第4期5卷 316-322页

作者： Wesam almobaideen Roba al-Soub Azzam Sleit Computer Science Department King Abdulla II School for Information Technology The University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) consists of mobile nodes that are connected via very dynamic multi-hop channels. Routing in MANET is a challenging task that has received great attention from researchers. In this paper we present Maximally Spatial Disjoint Multipath routing protocol (MSDM) which is a modification of AOMDV protocol. MSDM finds paths which are spatially separated and maximally disjointed. We think that sending various packets over spatially disjointed paths reduces the probability of collision occurrence and allows concurrent transmission over the set of different selected paths. Performance comparison of MSDM and AOMDV using GloMoSim simulator shows that MSDM is able to achieve a considerable improvement regarding some performance metrics such as delay, routing packets overhead, and network throughput.

关键词： MANET Routing Protocols Multipath Routing Spatial Disjoint Paths

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Gastrointestinal disorders in children with autism:Could artificial intelligence help?

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Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2022年第1期3卷 1-12页

作者： Mohammed al-Biltagi Nermin Kamal Saeed Samara Qaraghuli Department of Pediatrics Faculty of MedicineTanta UniversityTanta 31511AlghrabiaEgypt Department of Pediatrics University Medical CenterKing Abdulla Medical CityArabian Gulf UniversityDr Sulaiman Al Habib Medical GroupManama 26671ManamaBahrain Medical Microbiology Section Pathology DepartmentSalmaniya Medical ComplexMinistry of HealthKingdom of BahrainManama 12ManamaBahrain Microbiology Section Pathology DepartmentIrish Royal College of SurgeonBahrainBusaiteen 15503MuharraqBahrain Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plant Faculty of PharmacyAl-Mustansiriya UniversityBaghdad 14022BaghdadIraq

Autism is one of the pervasive neurodevelopmental disorders usually associated with many medical ***(GI)disorders are pervasive in children,with a 46%-84%prevalence *** with Autism have an increased frequency of diarrhea,nausea and/or vomiting,gastroesophageal reflux and/or disease,abdominal pain,chronic flatulence due to various factors as food allergies,gastrointestinal dysmotility,irritable bowel syndrome(IBS),and inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).These GI disorders have a significant negative impact on both the child and his/her *** intelligence(AI)could help diagnose and manage Autism by improving children's communication,social,and emotional skills for a long *** is an effective method to enhance early detection of GI disorders,including GI bleeding,gastroesophageal reflux disease,Coeliac disease,food allergies,IBS,IBD,and rectal *** can also help personalize the diet for children with Autism by microbiome *** can help to provide modified gluten without initiating an immune ***,AI has many obstacles in treating digestive diseases,especially in children with *** need to do more studies and adopt specific algorithms for children with *** this article,we will highlight the role of AI in helping children with gastrointestinal disorders,with particular emphasis on children with Autism.

关键词： Autism Gastrointestinal disorders Artificial Intelligence Children

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TCP Karak: A New TCP AIMD algorithm Based on Duplicated Acknowledgements for MANET

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2014年第9期7卷 396-407页

作者： Wesam A. almobaideen Njoud O. al-maitah Computer Science Department King Abdulla II School for Information Technology The University of Jordan Amman Jordan

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) performance over MANET is an area of extensive research. Congestion control mechanisms are major components of TCP which affect its performance. The improvement of these mechanisms represents a big challenge especially over wireless environments. Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease (AIMD) mechanisms control the amount of increment and decrement of the transmission rate as a response to changes in the level of contention on routers buffer space and links bandwidth. The role of an AIMD mechanism in transmitting the proper amount of data is not easy, especially over MANET. This is because MANET has a very dynamic topology and high bit error rate wireless links that cause packet loss. Such a loss could be misinterpreted as severe congestion by the transmitting TCP node. This leads to unnecessary sharp reduction in the transmission rate which could degrades TCP throughput. This paper introduces a new AIMD algorithm that takes the number of already received duplicated ACK, when a timeout takes place, into account in deciding the amount of multiplicative decrease. Specifically, it decides the point from which Slow-start mechanism should begin its recovery of the congestion window size. The new AIMD algorithm has been developed as a new TCP variant which we call TCP Karak. The aim of TCP Karak is to be more adaptive to mobile wireless networks conditions by being able to distinguish between loss due to severe congestion and that due to link breakages or bit errors. Several simulated experiments have been conducted to evaluate TCP Karak and compare its performance with TCP NewReno. Results have shown that TCP Karak is able to achieve higher throughput and goodput than TCP NewReno under various mobility speeds, traffic loads, and bit error rates.

关键词： TCP Congestion Control Additive Increase Multiplicative Decrease Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Duplicated Acknowledgement

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