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Aseismic smart building isolation systems under multi-level earthquake excitations： Part II, energy-dissipation and damage reduction

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 297-306页

作者： Min-Ho CHEY j. Geoffrey CHASE j.hn B. MANDER Athol j. carr School of Architecture & Civil Engineering Keimyung University Daegu 42601 Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch 8140 New Zealand Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M University Texas 77843 USA Department of Civil & Natural Resources Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch 8140 New Zealand

Based on the performance results of the previously suggested smart building isolation systems （lst companion paper）, this following study verifies the control effects of the systems from the view point of energy dissipation and damage level metrics. Several different model cases of the strategically isolated multi-story building structures utilizing passive dampers and semi-active resettable devices are analyzed and the energy-based target indices are compared. Performance comparisons are conducted on statistically calculated story/structural hysteretic energy and story/structural damage demands over realistic suites of earthquake ground motion records, representing seismic excitations of specific return period probability. Again, the semi-active solutions show significant promise for applications ofresettable device, offering advantages over passive systems in the consistent damage reductions. The specific results of this study include the identification of differences in the mechanisms by which smart building isolation systems remove energy, based on the differences in the devices used. Less variability is also seen for the semi-active isolation systems, indicating an increased robustness.

关键词： smart building isolation story and structural energy-dissipation damage assessment

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Advanced Robotics to Address the Translational Gap in Tendon Engineering

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Cyborg and Bionic Systems 2022年第1期2022卷 221-238页

作者： Iain L.Sander Nicole Dvorak j.lie A.Stebbins andrew j.carr Pierre-Alexis Mouthuy Botnar Research Centre Nufield Department of OrthopaedicsRheumatologyand Musculoskeletal SciencesUniversity of OsfordWindmill RoadOxford 0X37LDUK Oxford Gait Laboratory Nfield Orthopaedic CentreTebbit CentreWindmill RoadOxford 0X37HEUK

Tendon disease is a significant and growing burden to healthcare *** strategy to address this challenge is tssueengineering.A widely held view in this feld is that mechanical stimulation provided to constructs should replicate themechanicaienvironment of native tissue as closely as *** review recent tendon tissue engineering studies inthisarticle and highlight limitations of conventional uniaxial tensile bioreactors used in current *** roboticplatforms such as musculoskeletal humanoid robots and soft robotic actuators are promising technologies which may helpaddress translational gaps in tendon tissue engineering We suggest the proposed benets of these technologies and identifyrecent studies which have worked to implement these technologies in tssue ***,key chalenges to addressinadapting these robotic technologies and proposed future research directions for tendon tssue engineering are discussed.

关键词： directions limitations Tendon

Non-coding regions of the Ebola virus genome contain indispensable phylogenetic and evolutionary information

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 682-686页

作者： j.ANG XinQuan ZHANG Zhenj.e ZHUANG DongMing carr Michael j. ZHANG RuiLing LV Qiang SHI WeiFeng School of Public Health Taishan Medical College Institute of Pathogen Biology Taishan Medical College National Virus Reference Laboratory University College Dublin

We compared the numbers of nucleotide substitutions occurring in the non-coding regions and coding regions of Ebola virus genomes and found that non-coding regions contain indispensable phylogenetic and evolutionary information. The omission of genetic data from non-coding regions can lead to unreliable phylogenies and inaccurate estimates of evolutionary parameters.

关键词： EBOV Ebola non-coding region phylogenetic analysis evolutionary information

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF IODINE DOPED POLY(PHTHALOCYANINATOSILOXANE)/PPTA BLEND FIBERS

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Chinese j.urnal of Polymer Science 1988年第3期6卷 208-215页

作者：周啸 j.W.Lyding T.j.Marks S.H.carr Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beij.ng Materials Research Center Northwestern University U.S.A.

Poly（phthalocyaninatosiloxane）, [Si（Pc）O]n, with the number average degree of polymerization of about 130 was prepared by heating its monomer Si（Pc）（OH）2, in solid state at 420℃for 42 hrs at 10-3 torr dynamic vacuum. The [Si（Pc）O]n powder was iodine doped with I2-bensene solution for 48 hrs. Pure iodine doped poly（phthalocyaninatosiloxune）, {[Si（Pc）O]Iy}n, fibers and {[Si（Pc）O]Iy}n/poly（p-pbenylene terephthalamide） blend fibers were wet-spun with dry nltrogen-sealed Teflon lined device. D.C. electrical conductivity of the fibers was measured by the four-probe method with an automated charge transport measurement system from 80K to room temperature. It was found that the dependence of conductivity, σ, on temperature, T, could fit a group of thermal fluctuation-induced tunnelling （TFIT） equations, and that the dependence of conductivity on volume fraction, φ, of the iodine doped {[Si（Pc）O]Iy}n could fit a group of modified percolation equations. A thrce-dimensioual composite plot of σ-1 / T-φshows that these two groups of equations match each other quite well. It has been pointed out that for the blend fibers their composition is the most important factor for both mechanical and electrical properties.

关键词： ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF IODINE DOPED POLY PHTHALOCYANINATOSILOXANE PPTA BLEND FIBERS

The Asian Lineage of Zika Virus: Transmission and Evolution in Asia and the Americas

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第1期34卷 1-8页

作者： Tao Hu j.an Li Michael j.carr Sebastián Duchêne Weifeng Shi Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Taishan Medical College Global Station for Zoonosis Control Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE)Hokkaido University National Virus Reference Laboratory School of MedicineUniversity College Dublin Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteUniversity of Melbourne

Since first isolation in 1947 from the Zika forest in Uganda, Zika virus(ZIKV) has been principally known as a benign agent associated with sporadic human infections in a restricted number of African countries. However, during 2015–2016,an Asian lineage of ZIKV caused an unprecedentedly large outbreak in the Americas and sizeable numbers of exported cases across the globe. In this review, we critically appraise the recent advances in molecular epidemiological studies of ZIKV performed to date, and we highlight the pivotal role played by genomic surveillance in elucidating the origins,dissemination and evolution of the Asian lineage of ZIKV in Asia and in the Americas.

关键词： Zika virus(ZIKV) Asian lineage Transmission Evolution Re

Innovative seismic retrofitting strategy of added stories isolation system

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2013年第1期7卷 13-23页

作者： Min-Ho CHEY j.Geoffrey CHASE j.hn B.MANDER Athol j.carr School of Architecture&Art Yanbian University of Science&TechnologyYanji 133000China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8140New Zealand Zachry Department of Civil Engineering Texas A&M UniversityTexas 77843USA Department of Civil&Natural Resources Engineering University of CanterburyChristchurch 8140New Zealand

The seismic performance of“added stories isolation”(ASI)systems are investigated for 12-story moment resisting *** newly added and isolated upper stories on the top of the existing structure are rolled to act as a large tuned mass damper(TMD)to overcome the limitation of the size of tuned mass,resulting to“12+2”and“12+4”stories building *** isolation layer,as a core design strategy,is optimally designed based on optimal TMD design principle,entailing the insertion of passive flexible laminated rubber bearings to segregate two or four upper stories from a conventionally constructed lower superstructure *** performance metrics are presented for 30 earthquake records from the 3 suites of the SAC *** history analyses are used to compute various response performances and reduction factors across a wide range of seismic hazard *** show that ASI systems can effectively manage seismic response for multi-degree-of freedom(MDOF)systems across a broader range of ground motions without requiring burdensome extra *** results include the identification of differences in the number of added story by which the suggested isolation systems remove energy.

关键词： added stories seismic isolation tuned mass damper parametric optimization statistical method

Murine model of acute myocarditis and cerebral cortical neuron edema induced by coxsackievirus B4

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Zoological Research 2018年第1期39卷 52-57页

作者： zhao-peng dong qian wang zhen-j.e zhang michael j.carr dong li wei-feng shi key laboratory of etiology and epidemiology of emerging infectious diseases in universities of shandong taishan medical universityTaian Shandong 271000China shanghai j.nshan center for disease control and prevention Shanghai 201599China school of public health taishan medical universityTaian Shandong 271016China global station for zoonosis control global institution for collaborative research and education(gi-core)hokkaido universitySapporo 060-8589Japan national virus reference laboratory school of medicineuniversity college dublinDublin 4Ireland

Globally, coxsackievirus B4 （CV-B4） has been continuously isolated and evidence suggests an association with the development of pancreatitis and type I diabetes. In addition, CV-B4 is also associated with myocarditis and severe central nervous system （CNS） complications, which remain poorly studied and understood. In the present study, we established an institute for Cancer Research （ICR） mouse model of CV-B4 infection and examined whether CV-B4 infection resulted in a predisposition to myocarditis and CNS infection. We found high survival in both the treatment and control group, with no significant differences in clinical outcomes observed. However, pathological lesions were evident in both brain and heart tissue of the CV-B4-infected mice. in addition, high viral loads were found in the neural and cardiac tissues as early as 2 days post infection. Expressions of IFN-y and IL-6 in sera were significantly higher in CV-B4-infected mice compared to uninfected negative controls, suggesting the involvement of these cytokines in the development of histopathological lesions. Our murine model successfully reproduced the acute myocarditis and cerebral cortical neuron edema induced by CV-B4, and may be useful for the evaluation of vaccine candidates and potential antivirals against CV-B4 infection.

关键词： Coxsackievirus B4 Myocarditis CNS Edema Neurons

Convergent evolution inspired serrated structure for improving efficiency of soil imprinting and its mechanism investigation

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International j.urnal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第4期12卷 16-26页

作者： Zhihong Zhang Ying Li j.n Tong Stephen carr College of Agriculture and Food Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service1680 Madison Ave.WoosterOhio 44691USA The Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun 130025China International Soil and Water Renewables LLCSalemIndiana 47167USA

Remarkable geometrical similarities are found in digging claws of soil burrowing animals,in spite of the fact that they evolved *** on convergent evolution theory,this study innovatively proposed a bionic engineering perspective that focuses on general and analogous geometrical characteristics of soil *** was observed that soil animals with powerful burrowing ability have analogous serrated structures on their digging *** soil imprinting toothed wheel as the research obj.ct,the hypothesis that special serrated structures have the potential of reducing penetrating resistance from soil and enhancing digging efficiency for soil engaging component was *** convergent evolution inspired bionic serrated structures were utilized for the design of cutting edge on toothed ***,a toothed wheel that mounted with the conventional tooth and a bionic tooth were manufactured and tested in the soil *** showed that special bionic serrated structure could reduce the required draft force for toothed wheel;meanwhile increase the depth and volume of prepared *** was found that the soil-penetrating mechanism of the bionic toothed wheel behaved as saw cutting that similar to the digging behavior of soil burrowing *** of serrated structure has the ability to maximum stress concentrations in soil,thus increased the tendency of soil material to *** results indicate that the convergent evolution inspired bionic approach is novel and advantageous for the design of new soil engaging implements for working quality optimization and forward resistance reduction.

关键词： convergent evolution bionic serrated structure soil imprinting soil-engaging component bionic agricultural machinery

Cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy for colorectal peritoneal metastases

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2014年第38期20卷 14018-14032页

作者： Reza Mirnezami Brendan j.Moran Kate Harvey Tom Cecil Kandiah Chandrakumaran Norman carr Faheez Mohamed Alexander H Mirnezami Section of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology Department of Surgery and CancerImperial College London10th Floor QEQM BuildingSt Mary’s Hospital National Pseudomyxoma Peritonei Centre Hampshire Hospitals Foundation Trust Somers Cancer Research Building University of Southampton Cancer Sciences DivisionSouthampton University Hospital NHS Trust

AIM: To systematically review the available evidence regarding cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and intraperitoneal chemotherapy (IPC) for colorectal peritoneal metastases (CPM).

关键词： Colorectal cancer Peritoneal metastasis Cytoreductive surgery Intraperitoneal chemotherapy Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy