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Artificial intelligence and liver transplantation:Looking for the best donor-recipient pairing

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第4期21卷 347-353页

作者： javier Briceno Rafael Calleja César Hervás Unit of Liver Transplantation Department of General SurgeryHospital Universitario Reina SofíaCórdobaSpain Maimónides Institute of Biomedical Research of Córdoba(IMIBIC) CórdobaSpain Department of Computer Sciences and Numerical Analysis Universidad de CórdobaCórdobaSpain

Decision-making based on artificial intelligence(AI)methodology is increasingly present in all areas of modern *** recent years,models based on deep-learning have begun to be used in organ *** into account the huge number of factors and variables involved in donor-recipient(DR)matching,AI models may be well suited to improve organ ***-based models should provide two solutions:complement decision-making with current metrics based on logistic regression and improve their *** of classifiers could be used to address this ***,not all of them are really useful for D-R ***,in the decision to assign a given donor to a candidate in waiting list,a multitude of variables are handled,including donor,recipient,logistic and perioperative *** these last two,some of them can be inferred indirectly from the team’s previous *** groups of AI models have been used in the D-R matching:artificial neural networks(ANN)and random forest(RF).The former mimics the functional architecture of neurons,with input layers and output *** algorithms can be uni-or *** general,ANNs can be used with large databases,where their generalizability is ***,they are models that are very sensitive to the quality of the databases and,in essence,they are black-box models in which all variables are ***,these models do not allow to know safely the weight of each *** the other hand,RF builds decision trees and works well with small *** addition,they can select top variables as with logistic ***,they are not useful with large databases,due to the extreme number of decision trees that they would generate,making them *** ANN and RF allow a successful donor allocation in over 80%of D-R pairing,a number much higher than that obtained with the best statistical metrics such as model for end-stage liver disease,balance of risk

关键词： Donor-recipient matching Artificial intelligence Deep learning Artificial neural networks Random forest Liver transplantation outcome

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Everything that is not given is lost

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第6期17卷 566-567页

作者： javier Arredondo Montero Carlos Bardajf Pascual Pediatric Surgery Department Complejo Hospitalario de NavarraCalle Irunlarrea 331008 Pamplona.NavarraSpain

A small health center is located in Velingara,*** is approximately 7 o'clock in the *** the old,dusty room that constitutes the operating room,a soft beeping sound,like that of a kettle,begins to be heard between the rhythmic beats of the heart *** oxygen cylinder has started to ***,one of us approaches and applies Teflon,controlling the *** a while,the electrical current is cut ***,the anesthesiologist continues to hand ventilate the patient with her ambu,and we all turn on our *** is no more electric scalpel,but the activity does not stop.

关键词： problem cylinder approximate

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Updates on the hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met axis in hepatocellular carcinoma and its therapeutic implications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第33期24卷 3695-3708页

作者： javier A García-Vilas Miguelángel Medina Department of Pediatrics University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G 2S2Canada Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica Facultad de CienciasAndalucía TechUniversidad de MálagaMálaga 29071Spain Unidad 741 de CIBER“de Enfermedades Raras”(CIBERER) Málaga 29071Spain Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga Málaga 29071Spain

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is the fifth most common cancer and is the second leading cause of cancer death. Since the diagnosis of HCC is difficult, in many cases patients with HCC are diagnosed advanced stage of development. Hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)/c-mesenchymal-epithelial transition receptor(c-Met) axis is a key signaling pathway in HCC, either via canonical or non-canonical pathways. Available treatments against HCC based upon HGF/c-Met inhibition can increase patient lifespan, but do not reach the expected therapeutic benefits. In HCC, c-Met monomers can bind other receptor monomers, activating several noncanonical signaling pathways, leading to increased cell proliferation, invasion, motility, and drug resistance. All of these processes are enhanced by the tumor microenvironment, with stromal cells contributing to boost tumor progression through oxidative stress, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Novel treatments against HCC are being explored to modulate other targets such as microR NAs, methyltransferases, and acetyltransferases, which are all involved in the regulation of gene expression in cancer. This review compiles basic knowledge regarding signaling pathways in HCC, and compounds already used or showing potential to be used in clinical trials.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET Tumor microenvironment c-Met

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Endovascular treatment for early hepatic artery occlusion after liver transplantation: Angioplasty or stent

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第6期21卷 614-615页

作者： Mikel Gastaca javier Gomez Ignacio Terreros Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteHospital Universitario CrucesBilbaoSpain University of the Basque Country BilbaoSpain Servicio de Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo Hospital Universitario San CecilioGranadaSpain Interventional Radiology Unit Hospital Universitario CrucesBilbaoSpain

To the Editor:We read with great interest the recent article by Zhu et al.[1].In the study,the authors analyzed the outcomes of 26 patients diagnosed with hepatic artery occlusion(HAO)and treated with an endovascular approach(EVT)within the first 30 days after ortho-topic liver transplantation(LT).The median interval from LT to EVT was 7 days,most patients were treated with angioplasty and only two(7.7%)needed stent *** authors should be congrat-ulated as they achieved a 100%of success rate with an 80.8%of 1-year survival rate.

关键词： liver artery after

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Unexplained liver laceration after metastasis radiofrequency ablation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第40期15卷 5103-5105页

作者： Esther Ua javier Trueba Jose Manuel Montes Medical Oncology Service Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid Radiology Service Clinical University Hospital of Valladolid

Many studies have established the role of radiofrequency (RF) ablation as a minimally invasive treatment for liver metastases. Although relatively safe, several complications have been reported with the increased use of RF ablation. We describe here a case of unexplained liver laceration after a RF procedure. A woman who presented a solitary metachronous liver metastasis underwent RF ablation treatment for this lesion. Six hours later the patient displayed fatigue and pallor. Emergency blood tests showed a haemoglobin level of < 7 g/dL and markedly elevated transaminase levels. A computed tomography examination revealed two areas of liver laceration with haematoma, one of them following the path of the needle and the other leading away from the f irst. Following a blood transfusion, the patient was haemodynamically stable and completely recovered 24 h later. The patient remained in bed for 1 wk. No surgical intervention was required, and she was discharged 1 wk later.

关键词： Colon cancer Liver haemorrhage Liver laceration Liver metastases Radiofrequency ablation

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Toward a History of Cross-Cultural Written Symbols

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Language and Semiotic Studies 2017年第1期3卷 62-78页

作者： javier Terrado-Pablo University of Lleida Spain

It is our assumption that the goal of primitive written symbols was to create suprasubjective representations. We feel that this has continued to be the case throughout the course of history. In an increasingly globalised world, this goal seems even more evident, and we could highlight that symbolic representations tend to be supraregional, supranational, supracultural, and supraideological. Arabic, Chinese, and Suzhou numerals are nowadays restricted to specific uses and regions. Instead, Hindu-Arabic numerals, widely spread by modern computers, are commonly used everywhere. Millions of people know the meaning of symbols such as 2, 3, 4, 5, =, ≠, ≥,√, and ∞. Almost everybody is able to recognize the usual iconic signs that mean ‘disabled person' or ‘smoking is forbidden'. And in spite of its importance in contemporary society, a project devoted to the study of the origins, spreading, and evolution of those symbols is still lacking. The aim of our paper is to point out the theoretical and methodological assumptions upon which a history of cross-cultural written symbols should be undertaken. In this essay we consider the opportunity to study the history of written symbols a chapter in the evolution of mankind marked by a twofold1 process: on the one side, the divergence of symbolic systems all around the world in past times, and on the other, the symptoms of a convergence of these systems at present, or we might say, the will of convergence toward new, unifi ed systems.

关键词： semiotics symbols written systems evolution cross-cultural history

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The inverted retina and the evolution of vertebrates:an evo-devo perspective

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Annals of Eye Science 2018年第1期3卷 121-131页

作者： Francisco javier Carreras Department of Surgery(Ophthalmology) Medical SchoolUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain

The inverted retina is a basic characteristic of the vertebrate *** implies that vertebrates must have a common ancestor with an inverted *** the two groups of chordates,cephalochordates have an inverted retina and urochordates a direct ***,recent genetics studies favor urochordates as the closest ancestor to *** evolution of increasingly complex organs such as the eye implies not only tissular but also structural modifications at the organ *** these configurational modifications give rise to a functional eye at any step is still subject to debate and *** we propose an orderly sequence of phylogenetic events that closely follows the sequence of developmental eye formation in extant *** progressive structural complexity has been clearly recorded during vertebrate development at the period of *** the chain of increasing eye complexity in Mollusca that leads to the bicameral eye of the octopus and the developmental sequence in vertebrates,we delineate the parallel evolution of the two-chambered eye of vertebrates starting with an early ectodermal *** sequence allows for some interesting predictions regarding the eyes of not preserved intermediary *** clue to understanding the inverted retina of vertebrates and the similarity between the sequence followed by Mollusca and chordates is the notion that the eye in both cases is an ectodermal structure,in contrast to an exclusively(de novo)neuroectodermal origin in the eye of *** analysis places cephalochordates as the closest branch to vertebrates contrary to urochordates,claimed as a closer branch by some researchers that base their proposals in a genetic analysis.

关键词： Cameral eye ectodermal/neuroectodermal origin direct and inverted retina vertebrate/invertebrate eye evo-devo

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Thermo-electro-mechanical microstructural interdependences in conductive thermoplastics

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 955-965页

作者： javier Crespo-Miguel Sergio Lucarini Angel Arias Daniel Garcia-Gonzalez Department of Continuum Mechanics and Structural Analysis Universidad Carlos III de MadridAvda.de la Universidad 3028911 LeganésMadridSpain Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Imperial College of LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondon SW72AZUK

Additive manufacturing has enabled the design of thermoplastic components that provide structural support,electrical conductivity and heat generation modulated by mechanical *** mechanisms and interplays that govern the material response at the microstructural level remain,however,***,we develop an experimental method to characterise conductive filaments from a combined mechanical,electrical and thermal *** approach is used to unravel exciting material interplays of conductive polylactic *** overcome experimental limitations that prevent a complete microstructural analysis of the problem,we develop a full-field homogenisation framework and implement it for finite *** framework accounts for viscoplasticity,electrical and thermal conduction,convection and heat generation via Joule effect,as well as for the interdependences between *** experimental validation,the framework is applied to virtually optimise fabrication requirements to obtain desired properties in final products,i.e.,stiffer products,filaments with higher conductivities or with better sensing capabilities.

关键词： conductive electrical overcome

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Data model extension for security event notification with dynamic risk assessment purpose

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2013年第11期56卷 36-44页

作者： David LOPEZ Oscar PASTOR Luis javier GARCIA VILLALBA Group of Analysis Security and Systems (GASS) Department of Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence (DISIA) School of Computer Science Universidad Complutense Madrid 28040 Spain

Dynamic risk assessment refers to a risk management framework where frequent updates of risk evaluation information are used to evaluate risk exposure,as close as possible to *** this paper,we present the incident object description exchange format extended model for dynamic risk *** format attempts to overcome the absence of integration and real-time communication between security systems and risk assessment *** model is based on the incident object definition exchange format,which is commonly used in the computer security incident response teams *** data model aims to facilitate a global vision of information systems risk by supplying real-time security events data to risk assessment tools based on renowned *** present a proof-of-concept scenario to demonstrate the usefulness of this integration and the proposed data model,and discuss the expected improvements.

关键词： dynamic risk assessment risk management DRA IODEF-DRA IODEF.

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Wind effects on the migration routes of trans-Saharan soaring raptors： geographical, seasonal, and interspecific variation

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Current Zoology 2016年第2期62卷 89-97页

作者： javier VIDAL-MATEO Ugo MELLONE Pascual LOPEZ-LOPEZ javier De LA PUENTE clara GARCIA-RIPOLLES Ana BERMEJO Vicente URIOS Vertebrates Zoology Research Group Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales Universityof Alicante Apdo. 99 E-03080 Alicante Spain SEO/BirdLife Area de Estudio y Seguimiento de AyesC/Melquiades Biencinto 34 E-28053 Madridl Spain

Wind is among the most important environmental factors shaping birds＇ migration patterns. Birds must deal with the displacement caused by crosswinds and their behavior can vary according to different factors such as flight mode, migratory season, experience, and distance to goal areas. Here we analyze the relationship between wind and migratory movements of three raptor species which migrate by soaring-gliding flight： Egyptian vulture Neophron percnopterus, booted eagle Aquila pennata, and short-toed snake eagle Circaetus gallicus. We analyzed daily migratory segments （i.e., the path joining consecutive roosting locations） using data recorded by GPS satellite telemetry. Daily movements of Egyptian vultures and booted eagles were significantly affected by tailwinds during both autumn and spring migrations. In contrast, daily movements of short-toed eagles were only significantly affected by tailwinds during autumn migration. The effect of crosswinds was signifi- cant in all cases. Interestingly, Egyptian vultures and booted eagles showed latitudinal differences in their behavior： both species compensated more frequently at the onset of autumn migration and, at the end of the season when reaching their wintering areas, the proportion of drift segments was higher. In contrast, there was a higher drift at the onset of spring migration and a higher compensation at the end. Our results highlight the effect of wind patterns on the migratory routes of soaring raptors, with different outcomes in relation to species, season, and latitude, ultimately shaping the loop migration patterns that current tracking techniques are showing to be widespread in many long distance migrants.

关键词： Neophmn percnopterus Aquila pennata Circaetus gallicus wind drift satellite telemetry migration

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