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Contribution to the understanding of the performance differences between commercial current collectors in Li–S batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 295-306,I0007页

作者： a.benitez F.Luna-Lama ACaballero E.Rodriguez-Castellon J.Morales Dpto.Química Inorgánica e Ingeniería Química Instituto Universitario de Nanoquímica(IUNAN)Universidad de Córdoba14071 CórdobaSpain Dpto.de Química Inorgánica Cristalografía y MineralogíaFacultad de CienciasUniversidad de Málaga29071 MálagaSpain

Lithium–sulfur batteries have been recognised as highly promising next-generation batteries, due to their low cost and high theoretical energy density. Despite numerous advances in this technology over the last decade, its commercialisation is still a challenge that has not yet been achieved. Many efforts have been made to improve the problems that these batteries present, mainly by investigating different cathode manufacturing strategies, testing novel Li anodes, new additives in the electrolytes, and modified separators or interlayers. However, the characteristics of the current collectors used in the preparation of the electrodes have been rarely addressed. Three commercial collectors are commonly used in basic research on Li–S batteries: Al foil, carbon coated Al foil (Al-C), and carbon paper (gas diffusion layer, GDL). In this work, a detailed study of the electrochemical response of these commercial collectors has been carried out. The tests were carried out on two S composites formed by carbons of a different natures, commercial carbon black and synthetic N-doped graphene. In addition, the S impregnation method was different, using either melt diffusion at 155 ℃ or ethylenediamine as S solvent, respectively. In both systems, the results were similar – the electrodes supported on GDL delivered higher specific capacities than those supported on Al and Al-C, with minimal differences between the two. Of the different collector properties examined to explain this behaviour, namely Al corrosion, electrical conductivities, surface-level composition, and surface texture, only the latter had a significant effect in the performance of GDL-based electrodes. SEM images revealed a rough and cracked surface formed by the agglomerated carbon particles that give rise to a complex pore system, predominantly consisting of macropores. All of these features are beneficial for a better anchoring of the active material on the collector surface, in addition to enhancing the wettabi

关键词： Current collector Carbon paper Aluminum foil Lithium–sulfur battery

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Building Tax Capacity in Developing Countries

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Belt and Road Initiative Tax Journal 2024年第1期 60-69页

作者： Cindy Negus Juan Carlos benitez Revenue Administration 1 Division Fiscal Affairs Department International Monetary Fund Tax Policy 2 Division Fiscal Affairs Department International Monetary Fund

Building tax capacity is central to the role of government in achieving the sustainable development goals,addressing climate change,and ensuring debt *** progress in revenue mobilization,there is still a large unmet tax potential in low-income developing *** tax capacity requires a firm commitment to building institutions that govern the tax system and manage tax reform,and to improving the design of core *** enhance understanding,this article provides a synopsis of why improving tax capacity is important and contains insights on trends in revenue mobilization,how to strengthen tax policy and the role of supporting ***,it explores the importance of a sound legal framework for tax certainty,which plays a crucial role in shaping investment choices and can significantly affect economic growth.

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Intense pulsed light‑based treatment for the improvement of symptoms in glaucoma patients treated with hypotensive eye drops

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Eye and Vision 2024年第2期10卷 12-21页

作者： Jose Maria Martinez‑de‑la‑Casa Carlos Oribio‑Quinto Almudena Milans‑del‑Bosch Pilar Perez‑Garcia Laura Morales‑Fernandez Javier Garcia‑Bella Jose Manuel benitez‑del‑Castillo Julian Garcia‑Feijoo David P.Pinero Ophthalmology Unit Department of Ophthalmology and ORLFaculty of MedicineHospital Clinico San-CarlosUniversidad Complutense de MadridInstituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San-Carlos(IdISSC)28040 MadridSpain Department of Immunology Ophthalmology and ORLSchool of MedicineInstituto de Investigaciones Oftalmologicas Ramon CastroviejoUniversidad Complutense de MadridMadridSpain Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicanteSpain

Background:Ocular surface disease in glaucoma patients is a significant ocular co-morbidity that can affect 40%to 59%of these patients *** current study was aimed at evaluating the potential clinical benefit of an intense pulsed light(IPL)-based treatment in glaucomatous patients with ocular surface disease due to prolonged hypotensive eyedrop *** our knowledge,this is the first series analyzing the therapeutic effect of this treatment option in this type of ***:This non-comparative prospective case series study enrolled a total of 30 glaucoma patients ranging in age from 57 to 94 years old and treated with hypotensive eyedrops for years with dry eye *** patients received four sessions of IPL treatment using the Optima IPL system(Lumenis,Yokneam,Israel)adjusted to the official optimized Lumenis *** in symptomatology,corneal staining,conjunctival hyperemia,non-invasive break-up time(NIBUT),tear osmolarity,tear meniscus height(TMH),meiboscore and meibomian gland expressibility was analyzed after ***:Statistically significant reductions were observed after IPL treatment in the symptomatology scores measured with different questionnaires[ocular surface disease index(OSDI),standard patient evaluation of eye dryness(SPEED)and symptom assessment questionnaire in dry eye(SANDE)]as well as with the visual analogue scale(P<0.001).Mean change in OSDI was−15.0±11.3.A significant reduction was found after treatment in the corneal staining score(P<0.001).A significant reduction was found in tear film meniscus height(P=0.012),as well as in tear film osmolarity(P=0.001).A significant reduction was also found in meibomian gland expressibility(P=0.003),changing the percentage of grade 3 eyes from 44.4%before IPL to 17.2%after ***:IPL therapy combined with meibomian gland expression(MGX)seems to be an effective option to improve symptomatology in glaucomatous patients with ocular surface diseas

关键词： Glaucoma Intense pulsed light Dry eye Meibomian glands

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可扭转骨支架提高物质传输效率及细胞剪切应力响应水平的数值研究

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医用生物力学 2024年第S1期 606-606页

作者：王路平王嘉秋陈强李奇维 Jessica.benitez Mendieta 李志勇中国计量大学机电工程学院东南大学生物科学与医学工程学院昆士兰科技大学机械医学与过程工程学院伦敦南岸大学工程学院宁波大学体育学院

目的骨支架内部营养物质的提供与废物的排出对骨组织再生至关重要,细胞受到的流体剪切应力被认为是重要的机械调控信号。扭转结构元素存在于天然骨骼的多个分级结构中,搅拌是日常生活中加速流体中物质均匀的常用手段。受此启发,本研究...

目的骨支架内部营养物质的提供与废物的排出对骨组织再生至关重要,细胞受到的流体剪切应力被认为是重要的机械调控信号。扭转结构元素存在于天然骨骼的多个分级结构中,搅拌是日常生活中加速流体中物质均匀的常用手段。受此启发,本研究将扭转效应融入支架构型设计,提出了一种可扭转的骨支架结构构型,并进一步研究其在生理荷载作用下的物质传输行为和流体剪切应力水平。方法采用数值分析的手段,对支架施加循环荷载以模拟所受到的生理振荡荷载,对支架结构及周围流体进行流固耦合分析,并评估可扭转支架内部的物质传输效率及壁面剪切应力水平。结果研究结果显示,无论是物质传输能力,还是细胞剪切应力响应水平,扭转支架均相对传统支架展示出优越性;对荷载作用下支架-流体的流固耦合效应的考虑能够更为真实反映支架微环境,更为真实探讨支架的成骨效应。结论将扭转效应融入新型支架构型设计及优化,具备辅助提高成骨效率的潜力;结合数值分析,有助于开发新型的可加载器官芯片模型。

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High-Resolution Threshold Photoelectron Spectroscopy by Vacuum Ultraviolet Laser Velocity-Map-Imaging Method

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2016年第1期29卷 59-69,I0001页

作者：律洲高蕻徐运涛杨磊林周成 Yanice benitez 伍灼耀加州大学戴维斯分校化学系戴维斯95616

We have obtained the high-resolution threshold photoelectron （TPE） spectra of chlorobenzene C6HaCl （X1A1）, propargyl radical C3H3 （X2B1）, and allyl radical C3H5 （X2A1） by employing the vacuum ultraviolet （VUV） laser velocity-map-imaging-TPE （VUV-VMI-TPE） method. The photoelectron energy resolution of 1-2 cm^-1 observed for the VUV-VMI-TPE method is comparable to that achieved in VUV laser pulsed-field ionization-photoelectron （VUV-PFI-PE） measurements. Similar to VUV-PFI-PE measurements, the energy resolutions for VUV-VMI-photoelectron （VUV-VMI-PE） and VUV-VMI-TPE measurements are found to depend on the dc electric field F in V/cm used at the photoionization region for electron extraction. The decrease of the ionization thresholds of C6H5Cl and C3H3 observed as a function of F shows that the Stark shift correction for VUV-VMI-TPE measurements is governed by the formula -3.1√F in cm^-1, which is half of the classical prediction of -6.1v/F in cm^-1. We have also measured the VUV-VMI-PE spectra of C6H5Cl and C3H5 at VUV energies near their ionization thresholds. The cationic vibrational bands observed in the VUV-VMI-PE measurements were assigned to be the vibrational progression, nv7＋（n=0-3）, for C3H＋. The higher experimental sensitivity and similar energy resolutions achieved in VUV-VMI-TPE compared to VUV-PFI-PE measurements make the VUV-VMI- TPE method an excellent alternative for high-resolution VUV-PFI-PE measurements.

关键词： Photoionization Threshold photoelectron Velocity-map imaging Radical

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Physical activation of graphene: An effective, simple and clean procedure for obtaining microporous graphene for high-performance Li/S batteries

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Nano Research 2019年第4期12卷 759-766页

作者： Almudena.benitez Alvaro Caballero Julian Morales Jusef Hassoun Enrique Rodriguez-Castellon Jesus Canales-Vazquez Dpto. Quimica Inorganica e Ingenieria Qutmica Instituto de Quimica Fina y Nanoquimica Universidad de Cordoba 14071 Cordoba Spain Departm ent of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Ferrara Via Fossato di Mortara 17 44121 Ferrara Italy Dpto. de Quimica Inorganica Cristalografia y Mineralogia Facultad de Ciencias Universidad de Malaga 29071 Malaga Spain Instituto de Energias Renovables Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Paseo de La Investigacion 1 Albacete 02071 Spain

Graphe ne nano sheets are a promising scaffold to accommodate S for achievi ng high performa nee Li/S battery. Nano sheet activation is used as a viable strategy to induce a micropore system and further improve the battery performance. Accordingly, chemical activation methods dominate despite the need of multiple stages, which slow down the process in addition to making them tiresome. Here, a three-dimensional (3D) N-doped graphene specimen was physically activated with CO2, a clean and single step process, and used for the preparation of a sulfur composite (A-3DNG/S). The A-3DNG/S composite exhibited outstanding electrochemical properties such as an excellent rate capability (1,000 mAh·g^-1 at 2C), high reversible capacity and cycling stability (average capacity ~ 800 mAh·g^-1 at 1C after 200 cycles), values which exceed those measured in chemically activated graphene. Therefore, these results support the use of physical activation as a simple and efficient alternative to improve the performance of carbons as an S host for high-performance Li-S batteries.

关键词： physical activation 3D-graphene solvothermal microwave synthesis Li-S battery

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Asiatic Callosciurus squirrels as seed dispersers of exotic plants in the Pampas

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Current Zoology 2016年第3期62卷 215-219页

作者： S. Yasmin BOBADILLA Veronica V, benitez M. Laura GUICHON Ecologia de Mamiferos Introducidos Departamento de Ciencias Basicas Instituto de Ecologia y Desarrollo Sustentable (INEDES) Universidad Nacional de Lujan Ruta 5 y 7 Lujan (6700) Buenos Aires Argentina

Seed dispersal by exotic mammals exemplifies mutualistic interactions that can modify the habitat by facilitating the establishment of certain species. We examined the potential for endozoochoric dispersal of exotic plants by Callosciurus erythraeus introduced in the Pampas Region of Argentina. We identified and characterized entire and damaged seeds found in squirrel faeces and evaluated the germination capacity and viability of entire seeds in laboratory assays. We collected 120 samples of squirrel faeces that contained 883 pellets in seasonal surveys conducted between July 2011 and June 2012 at 3 study sites within the main invasion focus of C. erythraeus in Argentina. We found 226 entire seeds in 21% of the samples belonging to 4 species of exotic trees and shrubs. Germination in laboratory assays was recorded for Morus alba and Casuarina sp.; however, germination percentage and rate was higher for seeds obtained from the fruits than for seeds obtained from the faeces. The largest size of entire seeds found in the faeces was 4.2 ~ 4.0 ram, whereas the damaged seeds had at least 1 dimension ≥ 4.7 ram. Our results indi- cated that C. erythraeus can disperse viable seeds of at least 2 species of exotic trees. C. erythraeus predated seeds of other naturalized species in the region. The morphometric description suggested a restriction on the maximum size for the passage of entire seeds through the digestive tract of squirrels, which provides useful information to predict its role as a potential disperser or predator of other species in other invaded communities.

关键词： Argentina Callosciurus erythraeus endozoochory invasive species mutualism.

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First progeria monkey model generated using base editor

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Protein & Cell 2020年第12期11卷 862-865页

作者： Pradeep Reddy Yanjiao Shao Reyna Hernandez-benitez Estrella Nunez Delicado Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte Gene Expression Laboratory Salk Institute for Biological Studies10010 North Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA 92037USA Universidad Catolica San Antonio de Murcia(UCAM) Campus de los JerdnimosN°13512Guadalupe 30107Spain

In this issue,Wang et *** on the generation of a nonhuman primate model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome(HGPS)using a base *** editing is an emerging novel genome editing technique for modifying a single base pair at specific sites in the *** editors(BEs)have two prin cipal comp orients,a catalytically in active or single strand cleaving Cas-variant,which binds to the guide RNA and a nucleobase deaminase domain to convert specific base pairs at the target loci(Komor et al.,2016;Nishida et al.,2016;Gaudelli et al.,2017).Cytosine base editor(CBE)and adenine base editor(ABE)are two baseeditors,which con vert Cytosi ne-Gua nine(C-G)to Thymine-Adenine(T-A)and A-T to G-C,respectively.

关键词： base convert editor

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Hydroelectrolytic and Energetic Replenisher in Horses Undergoing Marcha Training

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第8期14卷 203-216页

作者： José D. Ribeiro Filho Bruna M. Ribeiro Micheline O. Silva Samuel R. Alves Anaïs C. benitez Waleska M. F. Dantas Marcel F. B. Avanza Raffaella B. C. Teixeira Pedro Ancelmo N. Ermita Laice A. Silva Rinaldo B. Viana Hélio C. Manso Filho Department of Veterinary Federal University of Viosa Viosa Brazil Institute of Studies of the Wet Tropic Federal University of Southern and Southeastern Par Xinguara Brazil Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Institute of Animal Health and Production Federal Rural University of Amazonia Belm Brazil Zootecnics Department Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil

The study aimed to assess the clinical, laboratory, and blood gas analysis of horses undergoing Marcha training and the effects of voluntary ingestion of hydroelectrolytic and energy replenishers after exercise. Eight horses of both genders aged between 5 and 10 years, were included in the study. The exercise consisted of a 10-min warm-up followed by 45 min uninterrupted Marcha on a flat dirt track in the morning. After exercise, the horses received one of the following treatments: Drinking water (control group);Hydroelectrolytic and energy replenisher containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium acetate, magnesium chloride, sodium citrate, dextrose, maltodextrin, and sucrose in three different concentrations (Replenishers A, B, and C). The horses were distributed across the four treatments in a 4 × 4 Latin Squares design using a Split-plot system with 48-hr intervals. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were conducted at four time points: T0 - 5 min before exercise;T1 - up to 5 min after exercise;T2 - 2 hr after starting treatment;and T4 - 4 hr after beginning treatment. Concentrations of urea, creatinine, lactate, phosphorus, and ionized calcium significantly changed after exercise. An increase in blood pH and a decrease in chloride concentrations were observed when replenishers B and C were offered after exercise. The replacements were ingested spontaneously by the animals in a volume greater than that of the control group (water). Replacement B was the most ingested by the animals, demonstrating its greatest potential.

关键词： Dehydration Electrolyte Replacement Exercise Rehydration Voluntary Intake

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Do assortative mating and immigrant inviability help maintain population genetic structuring of an herbivore on a crop and a wild relative?

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Insect Science 2019年第2期26卷 283-296页

作者： Ricardo Ramirez-Romero Delia Garibay-benitez Ofelia Vargas-Ponce Andrea Joyce Julio S. Bernal Departamento de Produccion Agricola CUCBA Universidad de Guadalajara Zapopan Jalisco Mexico Departamento de Botanica y Zoologia CUCBA Universidad de Guadalajara Zapopan Jalisco Mexico Sierra Nevada Research Institute University of California Merced California USA Department of Entomology Texas A&M University College Station. Texas USA

Population genetic structuring is common among herbivorous insects and frequently is associated with divergent host plants, such as crops and their wild relatives. Previous studies showed population genetic structuring in corn leafhopper Dulbulus maidis in Mexico, such that the species consists of two sympatric, host plant-associated populations: an abundant and widespread "pestiferous” population on maize (Zea mays mays), and a small and localized "wild" population on perennial teosinte (Zea diploperennis). a maize wild relative with a limited distribution. This study addressed whether assortative mating and immigrant inviability mediate genetic structuring of corn leafliopper by comparing the mating and reproductive successes of pestiferous and wild females that colonize their nonassociated host plants against the successes of females colonizing their associated host plants. Assortative mating was assessed by comparing mating frequencies and premating and mating times among females of each population on each host plant: immigrant inviability was assessed by comparing, across two generations, the fecundity, survival, development time, sex ratio, and population growth rate among leafhopper populations and host plants. Our results showed that on maize, and compared to resident, pestiferous females, wild females were more likely to mate, and greater proportions of their offspring survived to adult stage and were daughters;consequently, the per-generation population growth rate on maize was greater for immigrant, wild leafhoppers compared to resident, pestiferous leafhoppers. Our results suggested that wild leafhoppers emigrating to maize have a fitness advantage over resident, pestiferous leafhoppers, while immigrant pestiferous and resident wild leafhoppers on teosinte have similar fitnesses.

关键词： crop domestication Dalbulus maidis ecological speciation host associated differentiation Zea diploperennis Zea mays mays

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