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Intrumer:A Multi Module Distributed Explainable IDs/IPs for securing Cloud Environment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第1期82卷 579-607页

作者： Nazreen Banu A s.k.B.sangeetha Department of Computer science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyVadapalani CampusChennai600026Tamil NaduIndia

The increasing use of cloud-based devices has reached the critical point of cybersecurity and unwanted network *** environments pose significant challenges in maintaining privacy and *** approaches,such as IDs,have been developed to tackle these ***,most conventional Intrusion Detection system(IDs)models struggle with unseen cyberattacks and complex high-dimensional *** fact,this paper introduces the idea of a novel distributed explainable and heterogeneous transformer-based intrusion detection system,named INTRUMER,which offers balanced accuracy,reliability,and security in cloud settings bymultiplemodulesworking together within *** traffic captured from cloud devices is first passed to the TC&TM module in which the Falcon Optimization Algorithm optimizes the feature selection process,and Naie Bayes algorithm performs the classification of *** selected features are classified further and are forwarded to the Heterogeneous Attention Transformer(HAT)*** this module,the contextual interactions of the network traffic are taken into account to classify them as normal or malicious *** classified results are further analyzed by the Explainable Prevention Module(XPM)to ensure trustworthiness by providing interpretable *** the explanations fromthe classifier,emergency alarms are transmitted to nearby IDsmodules,servers,and underlying cloud devices for the enhancement of preventive *** experiments on benchmark IDs datasets CICIDs 2017,Honeypots,and NsL-kDD were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the INTRUMER model in detecting network trafficwith high accuracy for different *** outperforms state-of-the-art approaches,obtaining better performance metrics:98.7%accuracy,97.5%precision,96.3%recall,and 97.8%*** results validate the robustness and effectiveness of INTRUMER in securing diverse cloud environments against sophisticated cyber threats.

关键词： Cloud computing intrusion detection system transformers and explainable artificial intelligence(XAI)

Photoluminescence upgradation of La_(2)MgTiO_(6):2%Dy^(3+) perovskite with monovalent(Li^(+)),divalent(Ba^(2+),sr^(2+)) and trivalent(Bi^(3+),sm^(3+))cation sensitization

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 47-56,I0002页

作者： V.P.Veena k.Arun C.k.shilpa s.V.Jasira k.M.Nissamudeen school of Pure and Applied Physics Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatKannurKrala67 India Department of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Kannur UniversityPayyanur CampusEdatkannurKerala670327India

Nano phosphors of 2%Dy^(3+)(wt%)doped La_(2)MgTiO_(6) and monovalent/divalent/trivalent co-doped La_(1.98)Dy_(0.02)MgTiO_(6):x%A^(y+)(A^(y+):Li+,Ba^(2+),sr^(2+),Bi^(3+),and sm^(3+);0≤x≤2 wt%)were synthesized by combustion *** the XRD data,it is deduced that an increase in the valency of co-dopant increases the crystallinity of the double perovskite orthorhombic nanocrystal *** an increase in co-dopant size,an elevation in optical bandgap is visible with the highest bandgap of 3.835 eV for Bi^(3+).The photo-absorption is monotonically broadened for sr^(2+),sm^(3+),and Li+around 200-450 ***351 nm,Dy^(3+)triggered lattice shows major characteristic emission peaks at 480 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(15/2)),574 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(13/2)),and 670 nm(^(4)F_(9/2)→^(6)H_(11/2)).leading to near white light emission with CIE coordinates(0.341,0.376).Upon co-doping,the PL intensity is significantly increased with maximum emission for trivalent sm^(3+),followed by divalent sr^(2+)and monovalent Li+*** increasing excitation wavelength,sr^(2+)shows a dominated output and it is found that divalent sr^(2+)is a potential codopant that could enhance luminescence intensity up to 6 times with a sr^(2+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer efficiency of 86%.It is specified that the CIE coordinates of Li+co-doped samples show ideal white emission with color coordinates(0.333,0.336).The concluding outcomes signify the noblest rare earth sm^(3+)co-doping and thus sm^(3+)→Dy^(3+)energy transfer mechanism is discussed in detail.

关键词： Photoluminescence Perovskite WLED Co-doping Rareearths

Prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections among various donor groups:A comparative analysis

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World Journal of Virology 2025年第1期14卷 108-117页

作者： sanjay k Thakur Anil k sinha santosh k sharma Aarzoo Jahan Dinesh k Negi Ruchika Gupta sompal singh Regional Blood Transfusion Centre Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Zoology Veer Kunwar Singh UniversityAra 802301BiharIndia Regional Blood Transfusion Centre and Pathology Hindu Rao Hospital and NDMC Medical CollegeNorth Delhi 110007DelhiIndia Department of Cytopathology ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and ResearchNoida 201301Uttar PradeshIndia

BACkGROUND Transfusion transmissible infections(TTIs)are illnesses spread through contaminated blood or blood *** India,screening for TTIs such as hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus(HCV),human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-I/II,malaria,and syphilis is mandatory before blood ***,HCV,HBV,and HIV are the leading viruses causing mortality,affecting millions of people globally,including those with co-infections of HIV/HCV and HIV/*** highlight the impact of TTIs on life expectancy and health risks,such as liver cirrhosis,cancer,and other diseases in individuals with chronic ***,millions of blood donations take place annually,emphasizing the importance of maintaining blood *** To study the prevalence of TTIs,viz.,HBV,HCV,HIV I/II,syphilis,and malaria parasite(MP),among different blood donor *** The study assessed the prevalence of TTIs among different blood donor groups in Delhi,*** included total donors,in-house donors,total camp donors,institutional camp donors,and community camp *** for HIV,HBV,and HCV were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,while syphilis was tested with rapid plasma reagins and MP rapid card *** prevalence of HBV,HCV,HIV,and syphilis,expressed as *** in infection rates between the groups were analyzed usingχ²tests and P-values(less than 0.05).REsULTs The study evaluated TTIs among 42158 blood donors in *** overall cumulative frequency of TTIs in total blood donors was 2.071%,and the frequencies of HBV,HCV,HIV-I/II,venereal disease research laboratory,and MP were 1.048%,0.425%,0.221%,0.377%,and 0.0024%,***-house donors,representing 37656 donors,had the highest transfusion transmissible infection(TTI)prevalence at 2.167%.Among total camp donors(4502 donors),TTIs were identified in 1.266%of donors,while community camp donors(2439 donors)exhibited a prevalence of 1.558%.Institutional camp donors(2063 donors)had the l

关键词： Blood donors Transfusion transmissible infections Hepatitis B virus Human immunodeficiency virus Hepatitis C virus Malaria parasite syphilis

The deflection angle and quasi-periodic oscillations of an extended gravitational decoupled black hole solution

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2025年第2期77卷 132-147页

作者： Farzan Mushtaq Xia Tiecheng Allah Ditta G Mustafa s k Maurya Department of Mathematics Shanghai University and Newtouch Center for Mathematics of Shanghai University Department of Physics Zhejiang Normal University Research Center of Astrophysics and Cosmology Khazar University Department of Mathematical and Physical sciences College of Arts and Sciences University of Nizwa

In weak field limits, we compute the deflection angle of a gravitational decoupling extended black hole(BH) solution. We obtained the Gaussian optical curvature by examining the null geodesic equations with the help of Gauss–Bonnet theorem(GBT). We also looked into the deflection angle of light by a black hole in weak field limits with the use of the Gibbons–Werner method. We verify the graphical behavior of the black hole after determining the deflection angle of light. Additionally, in the presence of the plasma medium, we also determine the deflection angle of the light and examine its graphical behavior. Furthermore, we compute the Einstein ring via gravitational decoupling extended black hole solution. We also compute the quasi-periodic oscillations and discuss their graphical behavior.

关键词： deflection of light Gauss-Bonnet theorem gravitational decoupling

Nucleoside modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： krisztián Pajer Tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

Large-scale laboratory investigation of pillar-support interaction

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2025年第1期17卷 71-93页

作者： Akash Chaurasia Gabriel Walton sankhaneel sinha Timothy J.Batchler kieran Moore Nicholas Vlachopoulos Bradley Forbes Colorado school of Mines GoldenCOUSA Equilibrium Mining KolkataWest BengalIndia National Institute of Occupational and safety Hazard(NIOsH) PittsburghPAUSA Royal Military College of Canada(RMC) KingstonOntarioCanada BGC Engineering Inc. KingstonOntarioCanada

Underground mine pillars provide natural stability to the mine area,allowing safe operations for workers and *** prior research has been conducted to understand pillar failure mechanics and design safe pillar ***,limited studies(mostly based on empirical field observation and small-scale laboratory tests)have considered pillar-support interactions under monotonic loading conditions for the design of pillar-support *** study used a series of large-scale laboratory compression tests on porous limestone blocks to analyze rock and support behavior at a sufficiently large scale(specimens with edge length of 0.5 m)for incorporation of actual support elements,with consideration of different w/h *** unsupported and supported(grouted rebar rockbolt and wire mesh)tests were conducted,and the surface deformations of the specimens were monitored using three-dimensional(3D)digital image correlation(DIC).Rockbolts instrumented with distributed fiber optic strain sensors were used to study rockbolt strain distribution,load mobilization,and localized deformation at different w/h *** axial and bending strains were observed in the rockbolts,which became more prominent in the post-peak region of the stress-strain curve.

关键词： Grouted rockbolt Welded wire mesh Porous limestone Digital image correlation Distributed fiber optic sensing Large-scale laboratory tests

Current concepts and recent trends in endothelial keratoplasty

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第2期15卷 84-105页

作者： Prateek Nishant Bharat Gurnani Prabhakar singh sony sinha kirandeep kaur Ashish kumar Ranjeet kumar sinha Department of Ophthalmology-Refractive surgery Uvea and Neuro-OphthalmologyAkhand Jyoti Eye HospitalMastichakSaran 841219BiharIndia Department of Cataract CorneaExternal DiseasesTraumaOcular SurfaceRefractive Surgery and Contact LensGomabai Netralaya and Research CenterNeemuch 458441Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Cornea and Ocular surface All India Institute of Medical SciencesKalyani 741245West BengalIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Cataracts Pediatric Ophthalmology and StrabismusGomabai Netralaya and Research CenterNeemuch 458441Madhya PradeshIndia Department of Cornea and Refractive surgery Laxmi NetralayaJamal RoadPatna 800001BiharIndia Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia

Endothelial keratoplasty(Ek)is defined as an umbrella term comprising methods for selective surgical replacement of corneal endothelium and adjacent corneal tissue,which retains healthy portions of a patient's cornea while replacing diseased innermost corneal layer(s)with healthy donor tissue,to achieve corneal dehydration and transparency before the onset of irreversible stromal edema and permanent loss of corneal ***,the pathophysiology of corneal decompensation is increasingly being researched *** improvement in pharmacotherapy is progressively leading to reduction in the indications of *** addition,Ek techniques have progressed towards using thinner tissue,optimizing visual *** have enabled better donor tissue formulation,usage,and attachment,and surgical modifications have enhanced the tissue utilization in difficult clinical scenarios lowering failure and ***,challenges are encountered in various complex clinical scenarios in-cluding eyes with prior intraocular surgery,complex anterior chamber anatomy,glaucoma,ocular surface disease *** complexities demand tailored surgical strategies,including modifications in graft handling,instru-mentation,and postoperative management to ensure *** to these details and addressing patient-specific factors can help improve outcomes in these difficult *** choice of procedure depends on multiple factors,including the surgeon's experience,patient's ocular anatomy,and the specific clinical *** review article encompasses the recent developments in this field presenting a comprehensive picture of our modern understanding of the indications,contraindications,surgical techniques,clinical situations,community aspects and future directions pertaining to Ek.

关键词： Cell-and tissue-based Therapy Corneal transplantation Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty Immunosuppression therapy Refractive surgical procedures

Telemedicine and public health–pearls and pitfalls

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World Journal of Methodology 2025年第2期15卷 177-179页

作者： Ranjeet kumar sinha sony sinha Prateek Nishant Arvind kumar Morya Arshi singh Department of Community Medicine Patna Medical CollegePatna 800004BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology-Vitreo-Retina Neuro-Ophthalmology and OculoplastyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology ESIC Medical CollegePatna 801103BiharIndia Department of Ophthalmology All India Institute of Medical SciencesHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Ophthalmology Guru Nanak Eye CenterNew Delhi 110001India

We hereby comment on the interesting systematic review by Grewal et al where they have provided an overall picture of the current status of available tele-health programs in the United states with emphasis on the Amazon *** analysis is an appreciable effort in discovering the features available and features lacking in these tele-health *** concept of tele-health originated to curtail the need for physical attendance of patients at health clinics,and has been beneficial during the coronavirus disease 2019 *** implore that the pearls and pitfalls of these programs have to be understood by policymakers prior to forming a consensus regarding the availability,accessibility and affordability of these programs as methods of healthcare *** proliferation of tele-health programs in their current form may pose threats to patient and provider safety and medicolegal ***,patients and providers must work together to improve them to meet their expectations and enable them to provide the best care for the ailing public.

关键词： Telemedicine Remote Access Availability Accessibility Affordability Ethics Privacy Medicolegal liability

Real-world cost-effectiveness of targeted temperature management in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: results from an academic medical center

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2025年第1期16卷 28-34页

作者： Wachira Wongtanasarasin Daniel k.Nishijima Wanrudee Isaranuwatchai Jeff rey s.Hoch Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Department of Emergency Medicine University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program Ministry of Public HealthBangkok 11000Thailand Institute of Health Policy Management and EvaluationUniversity of TorontoToronto M5T 3M6Canada Division of Health Policy and Management Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA Center for Healthcare Policy and Research University of California Davis School of MedicineSacramento 95817USA

BACkGROUND: Targeted temperature management(TTM) is a common therapeutic intervention, yet its cost-effectiveness remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world cost-effectiveness of TTM compared with that of conventional care in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA) survivors using clinical patient-level ***: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at an academic medical center in the UsA to assess the cost-effectiveness of TTM in adult non-traumatic OHCA survivors between 1 January, 2019 and 30 June, 2023. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICERs) were calculated and compared with various decision makers' willingness to pay. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves were utilized to evaluate the economic attractiveness of TTM. Uncertainty about the incremental cost and effect was explored with a 95% confidence ***: Among 925 non-traumatic OHCA survivors, only 30(3%) received TTM. After adjusting for potential confounders, the TTM group did not demonstrate a significantly lower cost(delta cost-$5,141, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: $-35,347 to $25,065, P=0.79) and higher survival to hospital discharge(delta effect 6%, 95% CI:-11% to 23%, P=0.41). Additionally, a 95% confidence ellipse indicated uncertainty reflected by evidence that the true value of the ICER could be in any of the quadrants of the cost-effectiveness ***: Although TTM did not demonstrate a clear survival benefit in this study, its potential cost-effectiveness warrants further investigation with larger sample sizes. These findings highlight the need for additional research to optimize TTM use in OHCA care and inform resource allocation decisions.

关键词： Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest Targeted temperature management Cost-effectiveness survival Real-world data