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Technology for the next gravitational wave detectors

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Science China(physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2015年第12期58卷 65-90页

作者： MITROFANOV Valery p. CHAO Shiuh pAN Huang-Wei KUO Ling-Chi COLE Garrett DEGALLAIX Jerome WILLKE Benno Faculty of physics Moscow State University Institute of photonics Technologies "National" Tsing Hua University Crystalline Mirror Solutions LLC Crystalline Mirror Solutions Gmb H Seestadtstr Vienna Center for Quantum Science and Technology(VCQ) Faculty of Physics University of Vienna Laboratoire des Mat'eriaux Avanc'es 7 Avenue Pierre de Coubertin Max planck Institute for Gravitational physics(Albert Einstein Institute) and Leibniz Universitt Hannover

This paper reviews some of the key enabling technologies for advanced and future laser interferometer gravitational wave detectors, which must combine test masses with the lowest possible optical and acoustic losses, with high stability lasers and various techniques for suppressing noise. Sect. 1 of this paper presents a review of the acoustic properties of test masses. Sect. 2 reviews the technology of the amorphous dielectric coatings which are currently universally used for the mirrors in advanced laser interferometers, but for which lower acoustic loss would be very advantageous. In sect. 3 a new generation of crystalline optical coatings that offer a substantial reduction in thermal noise is reviewed. The optical properties of test masses are reviewed in sect. 4, with special focus on the properties of silicon, an important candidate material for future detectors. Sect. 5 of this paper presents the very low noise, high stability laser technology that underpins all advanced and next generation laser interferometers.

关键词： gravitational waves advanced techniques thermal noise coating laser

Metachronous chest wall metastasis from clear cell renal cell carcinomadA rarity

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第4期8卷 440-441页

作者： Hardik patel p.Ashwin Shekar Dinesh Reddy Sandhya Ramachandran Department of Urology Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical SciencesPrashantigramPuttaparthiAndhra PradeshIndia Department of pathology Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical SciencesPrashantigramPuttaparthiAndhra PradeshIndia

A 55-year-old male who underwent left radical nephrectomy,4 years back for a left renal mass,presented with swelling over left chest since 2 *** initial histopathology report of the radical nephrectomy specimen mentioned a 7.2 cm6 cm large renal mass involving the upperpole of the left kidney which was infiltrating the renal sinus and was reported as a stage pT3a clear cell carcinoma with Fuhrman’s grade III *** physical examination,non-tender,firm swelling approximately 10 cm5 cm sized was seen and palpated in the left upper chest(Fig.1).His current blood biochemical workup including liver function tests was *** enhanced computed tomography(CECT)of abdomen showed empty left renal fossa with no evidence of *** of the chest showed two well defined,heterogenous enhancing lesions with central necrosis,involving anterior chest wall muscle and extended up to the left lateral cardiac border with the larger one being approximately 99 mm47 mm in size(Fig.2).

关键词： metastasis swelling sized

GaAsSb/InAlAs pA DHBTs Grown by production MBE

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Journal of Semiconductors 2006年第4期27卷 635-640页

作者： pinsukanjana p Vargason K Herrera M Ontiveros D Boehme C Intelligent Epitaxy Technology Inc.RichardsonTX 75081USA

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4×100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux *** state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb.A Sb composition variation of less than ±0.1 atomic percent across a 4×100mm platen configuration has been *** large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/Inp DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BV_CEO>6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm×50μ*** devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4.5×*** with an emitter size of 4μm×30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer.f_t and f_max are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50%,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT *** results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/Inp DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.

关键词： Inp GaAsSb 多晶片产品传感器

Machine learning in orthopaedic surgery

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2021年第9期12卷 685-699页

作者： Simon p Lalehzarian Anirudh K Gowd Joseph N Liu The Chicago Medical School Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and ScienceNorth ChicagoIL 60064United States Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Wake Forest Baptist Medical CenterWinston-SalemNC 27157United States USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine Keck Medicine of USCLos AngelesCA 90033United States

Artificial intelligence and machine learning in orthopaedic surgery has gained mass interest over the last decade or *** prior studies,researchers have demonstrated that machine learning in orthopaedics can be used for different applications such as fracture detection,bone tumor diagnosis,detecting hip implant mechanical loosening,and grading *** time goes on,the utility of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms,such as deep learning,continues to grow and expand in orthopaedic *** purpose of this review is to provide an understanding of the concepts of machine learning and a background of current and future orthopaedic applications of machine learning in risk assessment,outcomes assessment,imaging,and basic science *** most cases,machine learning has proven to be just as effective,if not more effective,than prior methods such as logistic regression in assessment and *** the help of deep learning algorithms,such as artificial neural networks and convolutional neural networks,artificial intelligence in orthopaedics has been able to improve diagnostic accuracy and speed,flag the most critical and urgent patients for immediate attention,reduce the amount of human error,reduce the strain on medical professionals,and improve *** machine learning has shown diagnostic and prognostic uses in orthopaedic surgery,physicians should continue to research these techniques and be trained to use these methods effectively in order to improve orthopaedic treatment.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Machine learning Supervised learning Unsupervised learning Deep learning Orthopaedic surgery

Norite and charnockites from the Venda Nova pluton,SE Brazil:Intensive parameters and some petrogenetic constraints

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Geoscience Frontiers 2012年第6期3卷 789-800页

作者： Julio Cezar Mendes Cristina M.p.De Campos Departamento de Geologia IGEOUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro21910-949Cidade UniversitariaRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences GeoCenterLudwig Maximillians UniversitatTheresienstrasse 41/III80333 MunichGermany

The Venda Nova pluton （VNp） is a zoned ring structure emplaced in the southern portion of the Neoproterozoic Araquai Belt, in Espirito Santo, Brazil. It is a slightly westward tilted cylinder-like intrusion, with an almost circular horizontal section. In the center of this structure, an off-centered gabbro-noritic core, surrounded by syeno-monzonitic rocks, intrudes an outer ring of charnockites and norite. These envelop the syeno-monzonitic and gabbro-noritic center, as a narrow discontinuous belt. While, in the core intrusion, mingling and mixing processes are widespread and well documented in the literature, in the outer ring, the norite and charnockite layers show predominantly homogeneous and isotropic internal structures. Nevertheless, smaller interaction zones between charnockites and norite denote a comparatively more restricted mingling process. The norite is a fine-grained rock with hypidio- morphic granular to intergranular texture. The charnockites are medium-grained and made up of：（a） orthopyroxene-tonalite, （h） orthopyroxene-quartz-diorite, and （c） orthopyroxene-granodiorite with hy- pidiomorphic granular to porphyritic textures. In all lithotypes both ortho- and clinopyroxene are replaced by hornblende and biotite. Two contrasting compositional sequences have been recognized, based on whole rock geochemistry：（1） a basic, with tholeiitic affinities （norite） and, （2） an intermediate, medium-K calc-alkalinc, comprising the charnockites. Estimated crystallization temperatures, which have been calculated from micro-probe analysis of pyroxenes, range from 915± 25 ℃ to 960 ± 50 ℃. Re-equilibration temperature （ihnenite-magnetite calibration） is around 600 ~ 50 ℃. This indicates oxygen fugacities four order of magnitude below the FMQ-buffer and a reduced environment. Coeval pressure conditions estimated from the Al-content in hornblende range from 5.5 ± 0.6 kbar. Data obtained for the norite point toward an evolution from the partial melting of an anhydrous

关键词： Chamockites petrology Intensive parametersVenda Nova pluton Araqua~ Belt Southeast Brazil

Ultrabroadband and sensitive cavity optomechanical magnetometry

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photonics Research 2020年第7期8卷 1064-1071页

作者： Bei-Bei Li George Brawley Hamish Greenall Stefan Forstner Eoin Sheridan Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop Warwick p.Bowen Institute of physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematics and physics The University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia

Magnetostrictive optomechanical cavities provide a new optical readout approach to room-temperature *** we report ultrasensitive and ultrahigh bandwidth cavity optomechanical magnetometers constructed by embedding a grain of the magnetostrictive material Terfenol-D within a high quality(Q)optical microcavity on a silicon *** engineering their physical structure,we achieve a peak sensitivity of26 p T∕Hz1/2 p comparable to the best cryogenic microscale magnetometers,along with a 3 d B bandwidth as high as 11.3 *** classes of magnetic response are observed,which we postulate arise from the crystallinity of the *** allows single crystalline and polycrystalline grains to be distinguished at the level of a single *** results may enable applications such as lab-on-chip nuclear magnetic spectroscopy and magnetic navigation.

关键词： cavity magnetometer magneto

Bridging the lesion—engineering a permissive substrate for nerve regeneration 5th China-Europe Symposium on Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine(CESB 2015)Hangzhou,China April 7–10,2015

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2015年第3期2卷 203-214页

作者： Liliana R.pires Ana p.peˆgo INEB—Instituto de Engenharia Biome´dica Universidade do PortoRua do Campo Alegre 8234150-180 PortoPortugal Instituto de Investigac¸a˜o e Inovac¸a˜o em Sau´de Universidade do PortoPortugal Faculdade de Engenharia—Universidade do porto(FEUp) PortoPortugal Instituto de Cieˆncias Biome´dicas Abel Salazar(ICBAS) Universidade do PortoPortoPortugal

Biomaterial-based strategies to restore connectivity after lesion at the spinal cord are focused on bridging the lesion and providing an favourable substrate and a path for axonal *** spinal cord injury(SCI)a hostile environment for neuronal cell growth is established by the activation of multiple inhibitory mechanisms that hamper regeneration to *** scaffolds can provide mechanical support and physical guidance for axon re-growth and,at the same time,contribute to alleviate the hostile environment by the in situ delivery of therapeutic molecules and/or relevant *** research on SCI has been contributing with the description of inhibitory mechanisms for regeneration as well as identifying drugs/molecules that can target *** knowledge is the background for the development of combined strategies with ***,scaffold design is significantly *** the early simple hollow conduits,scaffolds with complex architectures that can modulate cell fate are currently being tested.A number of promising pre-clinical studies combining scaffolds,cells,drugs and/or nucleic acids are reported in the open ***,it is considered that to address the multi-factorial inhibitory environment of a SCI,a multifaceted therapeutic approach is *** progress in the identification of molecules that target inhibition after SCI and its combination with scaffolds and/or cells are described and discussed in this review.

关键词： Spinal cord nerve regeneration scaffolds biomaterials drug delivery

Enhanced green emission from La＿(0.4)F＿3:Ce＿(0.45),Tb＿(0.15)/TiO＿2 core/shell structure

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Journal of Rare Earths 2015年第1期33卷 20-26页

作者： T.K.Srinivasan B.S.panigrahi N.Suriyamurthy p.K.parida B.Venkatraman Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research Kalpakkam–603102 India

Nano sized La0.4F3：Ce0.45,Tb0.15（core）, La0.4F3：Ce0.45,Tb0.15（Ti O2）（core） shell, La0.55F：Ce0.45, and La0.85F3：Tb0.15 particles were synthesized by adopting co-precipitation technique in acidic environment and coated with Ti O2 to form a core-shell structure by adopting a mechanical dispersion method at room temperature. The synthesized materials were characterized using X-ray diffraction（XRD）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy（UV-Vis） absorption, photoluminescence and lifetime spectroscopy. The crystal structure of La0.4F3：Ce0.45,Tb0.15 remained the same as La F3 after being doped with Ce and Tb ions but with a slight decrease in the lattice parameter. TEM image confirmed the formation of a core-shell structure. The La0.4F3：Ce0.45,Tb0.15/Ti O2 exhibited Tb3＋ fluorescence enhancement by a factor of 1.76. Scintillation from the synthesized materials was also observed under X-ray excitation.

关键词： core-shell cerium terbium luminescence lanthanum fluoride scintillation rare earths

Automated pavement horizontal curve measurement methods based on inertial measurement unit and 3D profiling data

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2016年第2期3卷 137-145页

作者： Wenting Luo Lin Li Kelvin C.p.Wang College of Transportation and Civil Engineering Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350108China School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA

pavement horizontal curve is designed to serve as a transition between straight segments, and its presence may cause a series of driving-related safety issues to motorists and drivers. As is recognized that traditional methods for curve geometry investigation are time consuming, labor intensive, and inaccurate, this study attempts to develop a method that can automatically conduct horizontal curve identification and measurement at network level. The digital highway data vehicle （DHDV） was utilized for data collection, in which three Euler angles, driving speed, and acceleration of survey vehicle were measured with an inertial measurement unit （IMU）. The 3D profiling data used for cross slope calibration was obtained with paveVision3D Ultra technology at 1 mm resolution. In this study, the curve identification was based on the variation of heading angle, and the curve radius was calculated with ki- nematic method, geometry method, and lateral acceleration method. In order to verify the accuracy of the three methods, the analysis of variance （ANOVA） test was applied by using the control variable of curve radius measured by field test. Based on the measured curve radius, a curve safety analysis model was used to predict the crash rates and safe driving speeds at horizontal curves. Finally, a case study on 4.35 km road segment demonstrated that the proposed method could efficiently conduct network level analysis.

关键词： Horizontal curve Inertial measurement unit (IMU) Curve radius Kinematic method Geometry method Lateral acceleration method ANOVA test Curve safety analysis