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Peripheral tolerance of antigen-specific Th cells induced with polyethylene glycol-conjugate of protein antigen

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Open Journal of Immunology 2013年第2期3卷 62-70页

作者： Masaomi Obata Takuma Fujii Mareki Ohtsuji Yo Kodera Hiroyuki nishimura Toin Human Science and Technology Center Toin University of Yokohama Yokohama Japan

It has long been known that protein antigen conjugated with polyethylene glycol (PEG), a nonimmunogenic artificial polymer, induces immune tolerance of antigen-specific Th cells. However, the mechanism of this tolerance induction remains unknown. In this study, the response and differentiation of ovalbumin (OVA)-specific CD4+ Th cells upon exposure to tolerogenic PEG conjugate of OVA (PEG-OVA) were studied. Na?ve OVA-specific Th cells from OT-II mice were labeled with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE), transferred into histocompatible C57BL/6 mice, and then subsequently stimulated with either tolerogenic PEG-OVA or with OVA. Upon stimulation with tolerogenic PEG-OVA in vivo, these cells showed a robust proliferative response comparable to that observed by stimulation with OVA. Nevertheless, upon prolonged exposure to PEG-OVA, OVA-specific Th cells became anergic, showing a markedly reduced capacity to respond, and to produce IL-2 and other cytokines when stimulated with antigenic OVA323-339 peptide in vitro. There was also a significant reduction of the frequency of clonotypic TCR Vα2+CD4+ T cells in the spleens of OT-II mice treated with PEG-OVA. These features of response of na?ve OVA-specific Th cells upon sustained exposure to PEG-OVA were quite analogous to those reported for the same cells transferred into mice with systemic expression of the transgenic OVA gene. The highly enhanced stability in the circulation that was observed for PEG-OVA was likely the basis of its tolerogenic capacity.

关键词： Polyethylene Glycol Immune Tolerance OT-II Mice Ovalbumin

An Energy Supply Chain from Large Scale Photovoltaic Power Generation from Asian Cities to End Users in Japan

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2017年第5期8卷 145-162页

作者： Akira.nishimura Takaki Yasui Satoshi Kitagawa Masafumi Hirota Eric Hu Division of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Mie University Tsu Japan School of Mechanical Engineering the University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia

This study proposes four possible energy supply chains from the megawatt class of photovoltaics (PV) installation in Kuala Lumpur, Kolkata, Beijing or Ulan Bator to end users in Tokyo Japan. In the proposed chains, the electricity generated from solar PV panels would be used to generate H2 through water electrolyzer. The H2 is then liquefied (or converted into organic hydride) and transported by tank truck for land as well as tanker for marine to Japan and finally supplied to fuel cells (FC) for power generation purpose. This study investigates the energy efficiencies of the proposed energy supply chain and the amount of CO2 emission in the transportation process from the four locations. As a result, it is found the largest amount of power could be generated in Ulan Batorthan in other cities with the same size of solar panel array, while it also emitted the largest amount of CO2 in the transportation process. The best energy efficiency is obtained in the case of Beijing. This study also revealed that the ratio of total energy consumption to calorific value of H2 after transportation in the case of H2 liquefaction is smaller than that in the case of organic hydride.

关键词： Energy Supply Chain Photovoltaics H2 Produced by Water Electrolysis Energy Transportation

A comparison of a patient-rated visual analogue scale with the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for social anxiety disorder: A cross-sectional study

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2014年第1期4卷 68-74页

作者： Hiromi Okitsu Jitsuki Sawamura Katsuji nishimura Yasuto Sato Jun Ishigooka Department of Hygiene and Public Health II Tokyo Women’s Medical University Tokyo Japan Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Women’s Medical University Tokyo Japan

Introduction: The Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), used to assess the severity of social anxiety disorder (SAD), requires considerable effort and time to complete. The aims of this study were: 1) to investigate whether a visual analogue scale (VAS) could be linear with the LSAS and substitute for the LSAS, 2) to relate such a VAS instrument to patient demographics. Methods: Fifty SAD patients were assessed using the LSAS and VAS instruments completed by both patients and doctors at the same session. We then drew distributions and calculated the Spearman’s ρ and κ coefficient values (divided at the median for each scale) between patient and doctor assessments. Next, each pair among the scores for the LSAS, the patient VAS and the doctor VAS was compared using Wilcoxon rank sum tests according to patient life profile data. Results: Scatter plots of pairs of scores were obtained. Spearman’s ρ was 0.661 between the LSAS and the patient VAS, 0.461 between the LSAS and the doctor VAS, and 0.494 between VAS scores of patients and doctors. The κ coefficients were 0.501 between the LSAS and patient VAS, 0.251 between the LSAS and doctor VAS, and 0.425 between patient VAS and doctor VAS (for all six, p < 0.001). The Wilcoxon rank sum tests indicated a significant difference between the groups with/ without “employment” (LSAS, patient/doctor VAS), with/without “graduation from junior college/university” (doctor VAS) (p < 0.05) and with/without marital history (the age of first consultation) (p < 0.01). Conclusions: A patient VAS may substitute for the LSAS and offer the versatility necessary to capture patient states and life profiles.

关键词： Social Anxiety Disorder Visual Analogue Scale Kappa Coefficient Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient Wilcoxon Rank Sum Tests Patient Demographics

Temperature-controlled triaxial compression/creep test device for thermodynamic properties of soft sedimentary rock and corresponding theoretical prediction

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2010年第3期2卷 255-261页

作者： Sheng Zhang Hirotomo Nakano Yonglin Xiong Tomohiro nishimura Feng Zhang School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Department of Civil Engineering Nagoya Institute of TechnologyNagoya4668555Japan

In deep geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste,one of the most important subjects is to estimate long-term stability and strength of host rock under high temperature conditions caused by radioactive decay of the *** this paper,some experimental researches on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of soft sedimentary rock have been *** this reason,a new temperature-controlled triaxial compression and creep test device,operated automatically by a computer-controlled system,whose control software has been developed by the authors,was developed to conduct the thermo-mechanical tests in different thermal loading paths,including an isothermal *** new device is proved to be able to conduct typical thermo-mechanical element tests for soft *** test device and the related testing method were introduced in ***,some test results have been simulated with a thermo-elasto-viscoplastic model that was also developed by the authors.

关键词： temperature control soft sedimentary rock thermal triaxial compression test thermal triaxial creep test

Influence of Different Sterilization Conditions on the Growth and Exopolysaccharide of Streptococcus thermophilusand Co-Cultivation with Lactobacillus delbrueckiisubsp. bulgaricusOLL1073R-1

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Advances in Microbiology 2015年第11期5卷 760-767页

作者： Junko nishimura Seiya Makino Katsunori Kimura Emiko Isogai Tadao Saito Laboratory of Nutrition and Life Sciences Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Hachinohe Institute of Technology Hachinohe Japan Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan Food Science Research Labs. Meiji Co. Ltd. Odawara Japan Laboratory of Animal Microbiology Graduate School of Agricultural Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan

The sterilization conditions between experiment and dairy industrial level are different and concern about influence on product’s qualities. In this study, the fermentation properties of Streptococcus thermophilus, alone and in combination with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, were evaluated in skim milk that had been subjected to distinct sterilization conditions. Growth, organic acid generation, and EPS production were determined using pasteurized or autoclaved milk. When S. thermophilus was cultivated in pasteurized skim milk, the growth was strain-dependent. On the other hand, growth of S. thermophilus was accelerated in autoclaved milk. Exocellular polysaccharide (EPS) production by L. bulgaricus was not affected by the combination of S. thermophilus strains. Thus, we observed that yogurt fermented by L. bulgaricus was minimally affected by the combination of S. thermophilus strains;growth of L. bulgaricus was maintained under the constant environment. These results should facilitate the development of fermented milk produced from L. bulgaricus in the dairy industry.

关键词： Streptococcus thermophilus Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus Sterilization Formic Acid Exopolysaccharide

Impact of Relative Humidity of Supply Gas on Temperature Distributions in Single Cell of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell When Operated at High Temperature

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第11期11卷 706-718页

作者： Akira.nishimura Masato Yoshimura Satoru Kamiya Masafumi Hirota Eric Hu Division of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Mie University Tsu-eity Mie 514-8507 Japan School of Mechanical Engineering the University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia

For improving the performance of stationary PEFC （polymer electrolyte fuel cell） system, the cell operating temperature up to 90℃ will be preferred in Japan during the period from 2020 to 2030. To understand the operation of the PEFC system under relatively high temperature conditions, detail heat and mass transfer analysis is required. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of relative humidity of supply gas on temperature distribution on the backside of separator in single ceil of PEFC using Nation membrane at higher temperature e.g. 90℃. The in-plane temperature distribution when power was being generated was measured using thermograph with various relative humidity of supply gases. It was found that the in-plane temperature distribution at the anode was more even than that at the cathode irrespective of the relative humidity of supply gas at the anode and the cathode. The temperature elevated along gas flow through the gas channel at the cathode irrespective of relative humidity of supply gas at the anode and the cathode. The in-plane temperature distribution at the cathode was narrower with the increase in Tini irrespective of relative humidity of supply gas at the cathode, while it was not observed when changing the relative humidity of supply gas at the anode. When the relative humidity of supply gas at cathode decreased, the in-plane temperature distribution at the anode was wider compared to decreasing the relative humidity of supply gas at the anode. The study concluded that the impact of relative humidity of supply gas at both anode and cathode had little impact on the in-plane temperature distribution at the cathode.

关键词： PEFC temperature distribution high temperature operation relative humidity.

Transgenic plants for allergen-specific immunotherapy

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World Journal of Immunology 2014年第3期4卷 141-148页

作者： Tomoe nishimura Mayumi Saeki Osamu Kaminuma Fumio Takaiwa Takachika Hiroi Allergy and Immunology Project Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyo 156-8506Japan Genetically Modified Organism Research Center National Institute of Agrobiological SciencesIbaraki 305-8602Japan

Allergen-specific immunotherapy （IT） is an effective treatment for allergic diseases. Although subcutane-ous and sublingual ITs are currently used, safer, easier, and more effective IT is under development. Induction of immune tolerance by oral administration of allergen has been proven, though oral IT has not been applied clinically. It is mainly because a large amount of puri-fied allergen is required to induce oral tolerance. To overcome this problem, plants, peculiarly rice, have been investigated as allergen vehicles for oral IT. Rice can store a considerable amount of expressed allergen in its seeds and the accumulated allergen is stable and resistant to gastrointestinal digestion. Therefore, we have developed transgenic rice seeds （Tg rice） in which major epitopes of cedar pollen or house dust mites are expressed. We are establishing Tg rice with dem-onstrated effcacy in murine models of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma by oral administration at practical doses. In addition, the amount, distribution, and aller-genicity of the expressed allergen have been improved in our Tg rice. Rice-based oral IT is a promising new concept in IT for the treatment of allergic diseases.

关键词： Allergic disease Asthma Oral immunother-apy Rhinitis Transgenic rice

Impact of Separator Thickness on Temperature Distribution in Single Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Based on 1D Heat Transfer

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Energy and Power Engineering 2022年第7期14卷 248-273页

作者： Akira.nishimura Daiki Mishima Nozomu Kono Kyohei Toyoda Mohan Lal Kolhe Mie University Tsu Japan

It is known from the New Energy and Industry Technology Development Organization (NEDO) roam map Japan, 2017 that the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) power generation system is required to operate at 100°C for application of mobility usage from 2020 to 2025. This study aims to clarify the effect of separator thickness on the distribution of the temperature of reaction surface (Treact) at the initial temperature of cell (Tini) with flow rate, relative humidity (RH) of supply gases as well as RH of air surrounding cell of PEFC. The distribution of Treact is estimated by means of the heat transfer model considering the H2O vapor transfer proposed by the authors. The relationship between the standard deviation of Treact-Tini and total voltage obtained in the experiment is also investigated. We can know the effect of the flow rate of supply gas as well as RH of air surrounding cell of PEFC on the distribution of Treact-Tini is not significant. It is observed the wider distribution of Treact-Tini provides the reduction in power generation performance irrespective of separator thickness. In the case of separator thickness of 1.0 mm, the standard deviation of Treact-Tini has smaller distribution range and the total voltage shows a larger variation compared to the other cases.

关键词： Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Heat Transfer Modeling H2O Vapor Transfer Temperature Distribution High Temperature

鸡氨肽酶H在大肠杆菌中的表达、纯化与部分酶学性质分析

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生物工程学报 2008年第3期24卷 381-386页

作者：赖庆安刘树滔卢菀华陈莉 Toshihide nishimura 饶平凡福州大学生物科学与工程学院生物工程研究所福州350001 Graduate School of Biosphere Science Hiroshima University Japan

氨肽酶H(Aminopeptidase H,APH))是生物组织内一种常见的氨基内肽酶,但因为天然材料中含量很低,基本无法深入研究其催化机理、功能与结构的关系及其在生物体内的确切功能。从鸡肝组织克隆了APH的全基因序列,并把该序列亚克隆到载体pET22... 详细信息

氨肽酶H(Aminopeptidase H,APH))是生物组织内一种常见的氨基内肽酶,但因为天然材料中含量很低,基本无法深入研究其催化机理、功能与结构的关系及其在生物体内的确切功能。从鸡肝组织克隆了APH的全基因序列,并把该序列亚克隆到载体pET22b(+)上,然后转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),构建了APH的表达菌株。该菌株经IPTG诱导,在SDS-PAGE上明显出现一条与天然APH理论分子量一致的新增蛋白带,该条带的浓度随着表达时间的延长逐渐加深;6h基本达到平衡,此时重组蛋白占总蛋白的16.7%,表达水平高达94.7mg/L。对表达产物进行了活性检测、纯化和酶学性质分析,发现重组蛋白在亚基构成,热稳定性,最适pH等方面与天然APH基本相同,据此可以确认表达产物确实是APH,发酵液总活力达到1636u/L。这些结果为APH的催化机理及其在生物体内的功能的阐明奠定了重要的物质基础。

关键词：氨肽酶H(APH) 表达纯化酶活