检索结果-南通市图书馆

Community Caregivers’ Experiences and Programmatic Strategies to Improve Active Case Finding in Community Tuberculosis Care in Botswana 2016-2021

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Tuberculosis Research 2024年第2期12卷 105-118页

作者： Unami Modongo-Mathebula.mary Moleki Tefera Agizew Faculty of Health Sciences University of South Africa Pretoria South Africa Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana Gaborone Botswana

Background: The community tuberculosis care program was started to reduce the impact of TB and increase successful treatment outcomes, thus contributing to meeting WHO targets on TB. According to the Botswana Ministry of Health, community tuberculosis care was introduced with the main goal of reducing tuberculosis-related morbidity and mortality among communities through the expansion of direct observed therapy and community involvement to community settings. The community caregivers were to support tuberculosis patients throughout their treatment period until they were cured or had completed their treatment. Settings: Two major cities of Botswana, Francistown and Gaborone, with more than twenty-two health clinics offering tuberculosis care. Objective: To investigate community caregivers’ experiences and identify programmatic strategies to improve active TB case findings under the community TB care (CTBC) program in Botswana during 2016-2021. Methods: We adopted a descriptive qualitative research design, followed by convenience purposive sampling. We obtained consent and interviewed 40 participants who met the inclusion criteria, 16 out of 73 in Gaborone and 24 out of 38 from Francistown. Results: We interviewed 40 caregivers with a mean age of 43.4 years. Accepting the caregiving role was identified as the main experience by more than two thirds of the caregivers. While at least more than two-fifth felt obligated to care for the patient at home due to personal relations. More than half of the respondents found caregiving difficult or frustrating due to some challenges encountered during the caregiving role. Behavioral modifications were suggested under different subthemes as strategies to improve active case finding. [-rId13-]Conclusion: Acceptance was the major experience in CTBC. Intensification of known programmatic strategies was suggested by caregivers to improve tuberculosis active case finding in CTBC.

关键词： Community Experiences Caregivers Active Case Finding Tuberculosis Community Tuberculosis Care

POSSIBLE SOLAR INFLUENCE ON ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRIC FIELD

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 1988年第2期5卷 217-228页

作者： Poonam Sikka,a.mary Selvam,A.S.Ramachandra Murty Indian Institute Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 lndia. Indian Institute Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 lndia. Indian Institute Tropical Meteorology Pune-411005 lndia.

A physical hypothesis for the electrical coupling of the troposphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere has been proposed. It is shown that the vertical mass exchange takes place in the troposphere, ionosphere and magnetosphere by the gravity wave feedback mechanism through a chain of eddy systems. The vertical mass exchange gives rise to a vertical aerosol current which is responsible for the generation and maintenance of atmospheric electric field and also the variations in the H-component of the geomagnetic field. Any perturbation in the troposphere would be transmitted to ionosphere and vice versa. A global perturbation in ionosphere, as the one caused by solar variability, is transmitted to troposphere influencing weather systems/geomagnetic/atmospheric electrification *** theory relating to the above physical mechanism is discussed. Also, results of analysis of atmospheric electrical field data for Colaba, Bombay (8°53' 56" N, 72° 48' 54" E, 9.8 m ASL) and solar activity indices (Ap index,

关键词： POSSIBLE SOLAR INFLUENCE ON ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRIC FIELD MSB

The Impact of the Inclusion of MgO Nano-Fillers in a Polyethylene Matrix on Dielectric Strength and Resistance to Partial Discharges

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第3期14卷 626-634页

作者： Virginie Griseri Dominique mary David Malec Eric David Laboratoire Plasma et Conversion d’énergie Université de Toulouse CNRS UPS INPT Route de Narbonne Toulouse France É cole de Technologie Supérieure de Montréal Rue Notre-Dame Ouest Montréal Canada

One commonly used strategy to enhance polymers specific properties such as the resistance to partial discharges erosion is the incorporation into the polymeric matrix of inorganic micro or nanoparticles. This study focused on the dielectric properties of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) filled with nano-sized Magnesium Oxide (MgO) particles compounded by thermo-mechanical process and one of the purposes was to establish appropriate processing parameters in order to reach the desired dielectric properties. LDPE was used as a matrix and was reinforced by MgO particles having a nominal average size of 30 nm. The MgO nanoparticles were treated with a silane coupling agent (3-Glycidyloxypropyl Trimethoxysilane). The samples were initially prepared in a melt-mixing chamber with a MgO content of 1% wt. These pre-mixed samples were further treated by the means of thermo-mechanical mixing in a conical co-rotating twin-screw extruder in order to improve the dispersion and distribution of the MgO particles. In this report, both lifetime under a PD activity and AC dielectric strength of pure and nano-filled LDPE samples have been measured and compared. Nano-filled LDPE samples were found to exhibit an improve lifetime, without any detrimental impact on their short-term dielectric strength. This suggests that nano-filled LDPE may be for electric applications for which the dielectric materials may be exposed to partial discharge activities. This is significant result for the use of MgO-reinforced PE as an insulating material for HV cables since the resistance to PD is closely related to treeing resistance which is the main electrical degradation mechanism that leads to failure for shielded extruded power cables.

关键词： Low Density Polyethylene MgO Nanofillers Dielectric Strength Partial Discharges Resistance

Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan mary C.Stephenson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.Z.Loh Tuck Wah Soong Jason K.W.Lee Ivan C.C.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance Centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore N.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive *** function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity Cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

Physico-Chemical, and Sensory Properties of Mayonnaise Substitute Prepared from Chia Mucilage (Salvia hispanica L.) and Gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 880-898页

作者： Lydia Apondi Odep Symon Maina Mahungu mary Nyambeki Omwamba Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Njoro Kenya

Gum Arabic (GA) from Acacia senegal var. kerensis has been approved as an emulsifier, stabilizer, thickener, and encapsulator in food processing industry. Chia mucilage, on the other hand, has been approved to be used as a fat and egg yolk mimic. However, both chia mucilage and gum Arabic are underutilized locally in Kenya;thus, marginal reports have been published despite their potential to alter functional properties in food products. In this study, the potential use of chia mucilage and gum Arabic was evaluated in the development of an eggless fat-reduced mayonnaise (FRM). The mayonnaise substitute was prepared by replacing eggs and partially substituting sunflower oil with chia mucilage at 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60% levels and gum Arabic at 3% while reducing the oil levels to 15%, 30%, 45%, and 60%. The effect of different concentrations of oil and chia mucilage on the physicochemical properties, for example, pH, emulsion stability, moisture content, protein, carbohydrate, fats, calories, ash, and titratable acidity using AOAC methods and sensory properties for both consumer acceptability and quantitative descriptive analysis of mayonnaise were evaluated and compared to the control with eggs and 75% sunflower oil. The results indicated that all fat-reduced mayonnaises had signiﬁcantly lower energy to 493 kcal/100g and 20% fat content but higher water content of 0.74 than the control with 784 Kcal/100g calories, 77% fat and 0.39 moisture. These differences increased with increasing substitution levels of chia mucilage, as impacted on pH, carbohydrate, and protein. There was no significant difference between ash content for both fat-reduced mayonnaise and control. Sensory evaluation demonstrated that mayonnaises substituted with chia seeds mucilage and gum Arabic were accepted. All the parameters are positively correlated to overall acceptability, with flavor having the strongest correlation of r = 0.78. Loadings from principal component analysis (PCA) of 16 sensory a

关键词： Mayonnaise Chia Mucilage Gum Arabic Physicochemical Sensory Properties

Mistreatment during Childbirth: Impact on Maternal Outcomes and Importance of Provider Perspectives

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第2期14卷 227-233页

作者： Samantha Truong Katherine Lindsey Doughty mary Greenwald Annekathryn Goodman Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston USA

Background: Dying in childbirth is one of the most common causes of death for women. While maternal mortality rates, defined as deaths per 100,000 live births, have been steadily dropping in most countries worldwide, maternal mortality rates have doubled in the United States in the last twenty years. This commentary examines the various contributing factors to this trend. Methods: A literature review was performed using the keywords: maternal mortality, United States, disrespectful maternity care, obstetric violence, provider perspectives, and disparities. Maternal mortality statistics were obtained from the World Health Organization website. Results: Medical factors associated with maternal mortality include increased maternal age and cardiovascular conditions. Social factors include barriers to healthcare access, delays in receiving medical care, reduction in reproductive health services in some states, and non-obstetrical deaths such as accidents, domestic violence, and suicide. Racial inequities and disparities of care are reflected in higher maternal mortality rates for minorities and people of color. Disrespectful maternity care or obstetric violence has been reported worldwide as a factor in delay of lifesaving obstetrical care and reluctance by a pregnant person to access the healthcare system. About one in five US women has reported experiencing mistreatment, varying from verbal abuse to lack of privacy, from coerced procedures to neglect during childbirth. Conclusion: This commentary highlights the importance of inclusion of providers in research on respectful maternity care. Provider burnout, moral distress, limited time, and burden of clinical responsibilities are known challenges to respectful and comprehensive medical care. The association of disrespectful care with poor maternal outcomes needs to be studied. Exploring root causes of disrespectful childbirth care can empower nurses, midwives, and physicians to improve their environment and find solutio

关键词： Maternal Mortality United States Disrespectful Maternity Care Obstetric Vi-olence Provider Perspectives Disparities

Characteristics and demographic factors of traditional Chinese medicine constitution types among elderly individuals in China:A national multistage cluster random study Author links open overlay panel

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第3期11卷 257-263页

作者： Jing Xia Minghua Bai Huirong Song Houqin Li Dayan Zhang mary Y.Jiang Ran Chen Feiyu He Cheng Ni Center for Studies in Constitution and Reproductive Sciences of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijing 100029China Huangsi Comprehensive Outpatient Department Beijing Tongrentang Healthcare Industry Investment Group CompanyBeijing 100032China Zhangjiakou Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Zhangjiakou 076250China Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China

Objective To reveal the distribution characteristics and demographic factors of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution among elderly individuals in *** Elderly individuals from seven regions in China were selected as samples in this study using a multistage cluster random sampling *** basic information questionnaire and Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(Elderly Edition)were *** statistical analysis,chi-squared tests,and binary logistic regression analysis were *** The single balanced constitution(BC)accounted for 23.9%.The results of the major TCM constitution types showed that BC(43.2%)accounted for the largest proportion and unbalanced constitutions ranged from 0.9%to 15.7%.East China region(odds ratio[OR]=2.097;95%confidence interval[CI],1.912 to 2.301),married status(OR=1.341;95%CI,1.235 to 1.457),and managers(OR=1.254;95%CI,1.044 to 1.505)were significantly associated with ***>70 years was associated with qi-deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution(BSC).Female sex was significantly associated with yang-deficiency constitution(OR=1.646;95%CI,1.52 to 1.782).Southwest region was significantly associated with phlegm-dampness constitution(OR=1.809;95%CI,1.569 to 2.086).North China region was significantly associated with inherited special constitution(OR=2.521;95%CI,1.569 to 4.05).South China region(OR=2.741;95%CI,1.997 to 1.3.763),Central China region(OR=8.889;95%CI,6.676 to 11.835),senior middle school education(OR=2.442;95%CI,1.932 to 3.088),and managers(OR=1.804;95%CI,1.21 to 2.69)were significantly associated with *** This study defined the distribution characteristics and demographic factors of TCM constitution in the elderly *** and improving unbalanced constitutions,which are correlated with diseases,can help promote healthy aging through the scientific management of these demographic factors.

关键词： Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire(Elderly Edition) Body constitution Multistage cluster random sampling Demographic factors Elderly individuals

Enhanced photoluminescence from CdS nanocrystals encapsulated by PVP and SHMP

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Optoelectronics Letters 2022年第5期18卷 257-262页

作者： Vikas Lahariya saral Kumar Gupta Department of Physics Amity School of Applied SciencesAmity UniversityHaryana122413India Department of Physics Banasthali VidyapeethRajasthanIndia

The effects of the stabilizing agent on the structural and luminescence properties of cadmium sulfide(CdS)nanocrystals have been *** were prepared by chemical precipitation method using sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP)and polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP).The structural and optical properties have been studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD),ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)absorption,photoluminescence(PL)and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)*** patterns confirm the presence of cubic zinc blend crystal structure with space group *** results show the variation in crystallite size with change in *** shift in absorption edge as compared to bulk CdS is *** results represent broad and very intense red emission with smaller particle size due to modification of surface emitting states with surfactant.

关键词： spectroscopy surfactant absorption

Effect of Gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis as an Improver on the Rheological Properties of Wheat Flour Dough

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第4期15卷 298-312页

作者： Roseline Mwihaki Kiama.mary Omwamba George Wafula Wanjala Symon Maina Mahungu Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Nakuru Kenya Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute Nairobi Kenya

Dough improvers are substances with functional characteristics used in baking industry to enhance dough properties. Currently, the baking industry is faced with increasing demand for natural ingredients owing to increasing consumer awareness, thus contributing to the rising demand for natural hydrocolloids. Gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis is a natural gum exhibiting excellent water binding and emulsification capacity. However, very little is reported on how it affects the rheological properties of wheat dough. The aim of this study was therefore, to determine the rheological properties of wheat dough with partial additions of gum Arabic as an improver. Six treatments were analyzed comprising of: flour-gum blends prepared by adding gum Arabic to wheat flour at different levels (1%, 2% and 3%), plain wheat flour (negative control), commercial bread flour and commercial chapati flour (positive controls). The rheological properties were determined using Brabender Farinograph, Brabender Extensograph and Brabender Viscograph. Results showed that addition of gum Arabic significantly (p chapati. These findings support the need to utilize gum Arabic from Acacia senegal var. kerensis as a dough improver.

关键词： Gum Arabic Improver Rheology Hydrocolloids Wheat Dough