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Climate-driven variations in productivity reveal adaptive strategies in Iberian cork oak agroforestry systems

Forest Ecosystems 2022年第1期9卷 83-93页

作者： José Carlos Pérez-girón Emilio Rafael Díaz-Varela Pedro Álvarez-Álvarez Department of Organisms and Systems Biology Polytechnic School of MieresUniversity of OviedoE-33600MieresAsturiasSpain Research Group on Planning and Management in Complex Adaptive Socio-Ecological Systems(COMPASSES).School of Engineering University of Santiago de CompostelaE-27002LugoSpain

Background:Cork oak agroforestry systems(AFS)have been managed for centuries by humans to produce cork and other goods and services and have recently been recognised as an important reservoir for biodiversity improvement and ***,despite having recently been included as a natural habitat of community-wide interest within the EU Habitats Directive,these systems are in a critical situation of *** other factors,they are strongly threatened by climate change,the effects of which are also expected to be particularly severe in the Mediterranean *** this study,we aimed to evaluate the influence of climate variability by examining primary production indicators and also to analyse whether the geographical location may have a role in the incidence of the adverse effects of ***:Cork oak AFS were identified in the Forest Map of Spain and the Land use map of Portugal and categorized on the basis of canopy *** climate data from 2001 to 2020 were used to model relationships with climate predictors and proximity to the *** analysis was conducted to identify significant spatial clusters of high-and low-efficiency ***:The responses to the influence of climatic conditions differed among the various cork oak AFS categories,particularly in the forest category,which was less dependent on climate *** humidity and water availability were the main drivers of net primary production(NPP).Carbon use efficiency(CUE)was limited by relative humidity and spring temperature in open *** to the coast proved beneficial,especially in years with adverse weather conditions,but was not a limiting factor for survival of the ***,the results of the hotspot analysis supported the other findings,highlighting high-efficiency areas close to the coast and cold spots grouped in specific areas or dispersed ***:Canopy plays a key role in the influence of climatic conditions,particu

关键词： Net primary production Carbon use efficiency Climate Quercus suber Agroforestry system

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Impact of the non-indigenous shrub species Spartium junceum (Fabaceae) on native vegetation in central Spain

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2016年第2期9卷 132-143页

作者： Rosario G.Gavilán Daniel Sánchez-Mata Mylena Gaudencio Alba Gutiérrez-girón Beatriz Vilches Departamento de Biología Vegetal II Facultad de FarmaciaUniversidad ComplutensePlaza de Ramón y Cajal s/nE-28040 MadridSpain

Aims The introduction of potentially invasive species through ornamental cultivation or for rehabilitation purposes is a serious environmental *** cause damage to biodiversity through loss,increased mortality or‘in situ’selection phenomena in natural *** junceum is a Mediterranean shrub that is not native in most areas of the Iberian Peninsula,although it is extensively grown for the rehabilitation of *** have investigated the effect on the native vegetation of an old ***(Fabaceae)plantation in a conservation area in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula:the Cuenca Alta del Manzanares nature reserve in *** We compared *** stands with the native nanophanerophytic Cistus ladanifer community at different ecosystem properties:soil properties,temporal soil seed bank contents,standing vegetation and net primary production of annual grasslands growing in these *** Findings The results highlighted ***’s ability to become established in the new environment(marginal areas of the nature reserve)and ensure its successful *** is more apparent in northern and eastern exposures where this formation contacts with the core of the best conserved native vegetation in the nature *** under Spartium showed a higher nitrogen content,indicating its capacity-in common with other legumes-to fix N,and conferring an advantage over Cistus,which is *** soil nutrients such as phosphorus,magnesium and calcium and water availability are also higher in Spartium soils than in *** is usually a constraint for N-fixers,but in our study,it is the most significant soil variable in both shrub formations and is important to the success of *** availability is a key factor for Mediterranean vegetation,and particularly in autumn when soils are *** Spartium formation is able to retain water as its growth produces a closer canopy than Cistus,thereby preventing water evaporatio

关键词： Cistus ladanifer community structure old fields invasive species Mediterranean plant communities non-native species soil seed bank shrublands rehabilitation practices

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From Deterministic to Random Models: An Analysis of the New Spanish Overtaking Traffic Law

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第1期13卷 74-111页

作者： Enrique Castillo José Duato Javier girón Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering Don Pedro Madrid Spain Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences Valverde Madrid Spain

The purpose of the research is to analyze the new Spanish law of Traffic, which no longer permits exceeding by up to 20 km/hour the generic speed limits when overtaking on conventional roads. In this research, deterministic and random models are developed to analyze the associated safety risks. The deterministic model highlights the importance of dimensional analysis and provides dimensionless abacuses to analyze the problem. Next, Bayesian networks and Bayesian models are used to build a random model from the previous one, providing a general method to convert deterministic into random models. In addition, the problems of ignoring the dimensions of the variables and parameters are discussed, a common mistake to be corrected. Some examples and multidimensional graphics illustrate the huge reduction in safety and the need to review the existing end of prohibition signs, most of which must be removed. Shortly, the research results show that the distance required for overtaking with safety increases drastically.

关键词： Bayesian Network Modelling OpenBUGS Weibull Distribution

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木材横纹抗拉强度及其荷载持续作用效应研究

木材横纹抗拉强度及其荷载持续作用效应研究

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作者： MITOBABA Josué girèce 哈尔滨工业大学

学位级别：硕士

木材的横纹抗拉强度很低,在设计中应该尽量避免横纹受拉。但在某些特殊几何形状的结构构件中,如曲梁和变截面梁的部分区域,或在某些机械和粘接接头附近,受荷时会不可避免的产生横纹拉应力。木材的荷载持续作用效应(DOL)是木材和木材产... 详细信息

木材的横纹抗拉强度很低,在设计中应该尽量避免横纹受拉。但在某些特殊几何形状的结构构件中,如曲梁和变截面梁的部分区域,或在某些机械和粘接接头附近,受荷时会不可避免的产生横纹拉应力。木材的荷载持续作用效应(DOL)是木材和木材产品区别于其他建筑材料的特点之一。DOL效应是指木材的强度会随着时间降低,而变形逐渐增大的现象。对DOL效应的研究已经进行了200多年,并取得了许多新的成果。尽管如此,对木材和木制品的DOL效应的机理研究和建模还远远没有完成,迄今为止对木材垂直于木纹的强度的研究还很少。通常,对木材DOL效应的研究主要集中在顺纹受弯这一受力形式;因此,开展木材短期横纹受拉基本力学性质以及长期横纹受拉DOL效应的研究很有意义和实用价值。首先,本文研究了木材的横纹抗拉强度,根据木材的结构尺度描述了木材横纹的一些基本力学性质。介绍了基于威布尔最弱链理论的木材横纹抗拉强度,以及影响木材强度的一些因素,并介绍了提高强度的措施。本文研究的目的是研究木材横纹受拉的DOL效应,研究施加应力水平对DOL效应的影响,得到变形随时间变化的关系,即蠕变行为。为实现这些目标,进行了木材横纹受拉的短期试验,并对木材横纹受拉的载荷持续作用效应的进行了长期试验。试验中采用的横纹受拉清材试件是由落叶松胶合木梁上取出的木材制作而成。结果表明,试样的短期横纹抗拉强度分布与两参数威布尔分布相一致。在试样匹配技术的基础上,对试件进行横纹受拉长期荷载试验,获得长期强度和蠕变数据。长期试验是在20°C和65%相对湿度不变的气候条件下进行的,并在四个月中(2017年1月9日至2017年5月31日)进行。试验结果显示:荷载持续作用效应的效果似乎是依赖于所施加的应力水平,在一年之内,横纹受拉DOL效果明显轻于广泛使用的麦迪逊曲线。这可能是由于柱面正交各向异性和比较明显的横纹蠕变导致了内部应力重分布从而降低了横纹受拉的DOL效应。本文总结归纳了各国木结构设计规范应用DOL预测模型获得DOL系数或DOL调整系数的计算方法。横纹拉伸DOL调整系数是根据加拿大的设计规范,基于试验结果的抗力分项系数和可靠度指标曲线而确定。本文还介绍了三种DOL模型:Gerhards模型,Foschi and Yao模型和Nielsen模型。

关键词：木材横纹受拉荷载持续时间效应蠕变短期荷载长期荷载分布应力重分布

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Lymphocyte subsets in alcoholic liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2013年第2期5卷 46-55页

作者： Luís Costa Matos Paulo Batista Nuno Monteiro Joo Ribeiro Maria A Cipriano Pedro Henriques Fernando giro Armando Carvalho Faculty of Medicine of the University of Coimbra 3004-504 CoimbraPortugal Centro Hospitalar Tondela Viseu E.P.E3504-509 ViseuPortugal Department of Anatomopathology University of Coimbra Hospital3004-504 CoimbraPortugal

AIM:To compare lymphocyte subsets between healthy controls and alcoholics with liver ***:The patient cohort for this study included individuals who were suspected to have alcoholic liver disease(ALD) and who had undergone liver biopsy(for disease grading and staging,doubts about diagnosis,or concurrent liver disease;n = 56).Normal controls included patients who were admitted for elective cholecystectomy due to non-complicated gallstones(n = 27).Formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens were sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Perls' Prussian *** non-alcoholic steatohepatitis score was used to assess markers of *** population subsets were determined by flow cytometry.T lymphocytes were identified(CD3+),and then further subdivided into CD4+ or CD8+ populations.B lymphocytes(CD19+) and natural killer(NK) cell numbers were also *** addition to assessing lymphocyte subpopulation differences between ALD patients and controls,we also compared subsets of alcoholic patients without cirrhosis or abstinent cirrhotic patients to normal ***:The patient cohort primarily consisted of older *** alcoholism was present in 66.1%.Reported average daily alcohol intake was 164.9 g and the average lifetime cumulative intake was 2211.6 *** was present in 39.3% of the patients and 66.1% had significant fibrosis(perisinusoidal and portal/periportal fibrosis,bridging fibrosis,or cirrhosis) in their liver *** average Mayo end-stage liver disease score was *** hereditary hemochromatosis genotypes were *** patients(n = 56) presented with significant lymphopenia(1.5 × 109/L ± 0.5 × 109/L vs 2.1 × 109/L ± 0.5 × 109/L,P < 0.0001),due to a decrease in all lymphocyte subpopulations,except for NK lymphocytes:CD3+(1013.0 ± 406.2/mm3 vs 1523.0 ± 364.6/mm3,P < 0.0001),CD4+(713.5 ± 284.7/mm3 vs 992.4 ± 274.7/mm3,P < 0.0001),CD8+(262.3 ± 140.4/mm3 vs 478.9 ± 164.6/mm3,P < 0.0001),and CD19+(120.6

关键词： Lymphocyte subsets Flow cytometry Alcoholism Alcoholic liver disease Liver fibrosis Liver biopsy HFE gene

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The contribution of fungi to the global economy

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Fungal Diversity 2023年第4期121卷 95-137页

作者： Allen Grace T.Niego Christopher Lambert Peter Mortimer Naritsada Thongklang Sylvie Rapior Miriam Grosse Hedda Schrey Esteban Charria.gir.n Arttapon Walker Kevin D.Hyde Marc Stadler School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang RaiThailand Iloilo Science and Technology University La Paz5000 IloiloPhilippines Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchInhoffenstrasse 738124 BrunswickGermany Institute of Microbiology Technische Universitat BraunschweigSpielmannstrase 738106 BrunswickGermany Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanPeople’s Republic of China Laboratory of Botany Phytochemistry and MycologyFaculty of PharmacyCS 1449115 Avenue Charles Flahault34093 Montpellier Cedex 5France CEFE CNRSUniv MontpellierEPHEIRDCS 1449115 Avenue Charles Flahault34093 Montpellier Cedex 5France Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceChiang Mai UniversityChiang Mai 50200Thailand Institute for Plant Health Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringHaizhu DistrictGuangzhou 510225People’s Republic of China

Fungi provide ecological and environmental services to humans, as well as health and nutritional benefits, and are vital to numerousindustries. Fermented food and beverage products from fungi are circulating in the market, generating billions of ***, the highest potential monetary value of fungi is their role in blue carbon trading because of their ability to sequesterlarge amounts of carbon in the soil. There are no conclusive estimates available on the global monetary value of fungi, primarilybecause there are limited data for extrapolation. This study outlines the contribution of fungi to the global economy and providesa first attempt at quantifying the global monetary value of fungi. Our estimate of USD 54.57 trillion provides a starting point thatcan be analysed and improved, highlighting the significance of fungi and providing an appreciation of their value. This paperidentifies the different economically valuable products and services provided by fungi. By giving a monetary value to all importantfungal products, services, and industrial applications underscores their significance in biodiversity and conservation. Furthermore,if the value of fungi is well established, they will be considered in future policies for effective ecosystem management.

关键词： Fungi-based food Medicinal mushrooms Market value Environmental biotechnology

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Anterior transhepatic approach for total caudate lobectomy including spigelian lobe,paracaval portion and caudate process:A Brazilian experience

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2018年第4期17卷 371-373页

作者： Eduardo de Souza Martins Fernandes Carlo Alberto Pacilio Felipe Pedreira Tavares de Mello Ronaldo de Oliveira Andrade Leandro Moreira Savattone Pimentel Camila Liberato girão Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary and Transplant Surgery Hospital Adventista SilvestreRio de JaneiroBrazil Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho Universidade Federal do Rio De Janeiro(UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroBrazil

To the Editor:Nowadays,because of the infiltration of cholangiocarcinoma to the parenchyma and/or bile ducts of the caudate lobe,the inclusion of caudate lobe combined with a major hepatectomy remains the gold standard approach for a resectable hilar *** the last years of the 20th century,some authors have begun to report isolated caudate lobe resection for hepatocellular

关键词： HCC Anterior transhepatic approach for total caudate lobectomy including spigelian lobe paracaval portion and caudate process:A Brazilian experience

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Gut epithelial barrier dysfunction in humanimmunodeficiency virus-hepatitis C virus coinfectedpatients:Influence on innate and acquired immunity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第4期22卷 1433-1448页

作者： Mercedes Márquez Clotilde Fernández Gutiérrez delÁlamo JoséAntonio girón-González Department of Internal Medicine Infectious Disease UnitPuerta del Mar University HospitalUniversity of Cadiz11009 CádizSpain Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar11009 CádizSpain

Even in cases where viral replication has been controlled by antiretroviral therapy for long periods of time, human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-infected patients have several non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS) related co-morbidities, including liver disease, cardiovascular disease and neurocognitive decline, which have a clear impact on survival. It has been considered that persistent innate and acquired immune activation contributes to the pathogenesis of these non-AIDS related diseases. Immune activation has been related with several conditions, remarkably with the bacterial translocation related with the intestinal barrier damage by the HIV or by hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related liver cirrhosis. Consequently, increased morbidity and mortality must be expected in HIV-HCV coinfected patients. Disrupted gut barrier lead to an increased passage of microbial products and to an activation of the mucosal immune system and secretion of inflammatory mediators, which in turn might increase barrier dysfunction. In the present review, the intestinal barrier structure, measures of intestinal barrier dysfunction and the modifications of them in HIV monoinfection and in HIV-HCV coinfection will be considered. Both pathogenesis and the consequences for the progression of liver disease secondary to gut microbial fragment leakage and immune activation will be assessed.

关键词： human immunodeficiency virus infection hepatitis C virus infection Innate immunity Acquiredimmunity Gut barrier

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Adherence of a Clinical Strain of Mycoplasma fermentans to Human Cultured Epithelial Cells

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Advances in Microbiology 2014年第11期4卷 726-735页

作者： Mónica Rosales-Pérez Silvia Giono-Cerezo Jorge girón Antonio Yánez Lilia Cedillo Facultad de Agrobiología Universidad Autónoma de TlaxcalaMéxico Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas I.P.NMéxicoD.F.México Centro de Detección Biomolecular VI.E.P.B.U.A.P.PueblaPueMéxico Facultad de Estomatología B.U.A.P.PueblaMéxico Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas Instituto de CienciasB.U.A.P.PueblaPueMéxico

This study compares the kinetics of adherence of both the prototype strain PG-18 and the recently clinically isolated strain P-140 of Mycoplasma fermentans to HEp-2 cells. M. fermentans may induce respiratory and genitourinary tract infections. We investigated the presence of putative adhesins from strain P-140. A surface protein of 47 kDa, labeled SP47, isolated from M. fermentans P-140, seems to be involved in acterial adherence on HEp-2 cells;this study could allow helping understand the interaction between mycoplasmas and their hosts. Anti-SP47 antibodies inhibited the formation of bacterial clusters and adherence to cultured cells, quantified by ELISA. M. fermentans P-140 was more efficient at adhering to cultured HEp-2 cells than PG-18.

关键词： Mycoplasma fermentans Mycoplasmas Adherence Pathogenesis

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Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of Toxic Metals in Fish Tissues

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第12期5卷 805-811页

作者： Graciela Zarazúa Karina.gir.n-Romero Samuel Tejeda Carmen Carreno-De León Pedro Avila-Pérez Nuclear Technology Division National Institute for Nuclear ResearchOcoyoacacMexico Faculty of Science University of Mexico StateTlachaloyaMexico Technology Institute of Toluca MetepecMexico

The concentration of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Hg and Pb, considered like toxic, was evaluated in fish tissues by means the total reflection X-Ray Fluorescence technique (TXRF). Grass carp (Ctenopharygodon idella) samples were collected from six regions of the Tepuxtepec Dam which was used as a water reservoir and fish production for the local population. Fish tissues: gills, liver, kidney and muscle were analyzed in triplicate using a TXRF spectrometer “TX-2000 Ital Structures” with a Si(Li) detector and a resolution of 140 eV (FWHM) at Mn Kα and Mo tube (40 kV, 30 mA) with 17.4 KeV excitation energy. The mean concentration of metals in tissues decrease in the sequence: Kidney ≈ Gills > Liver > Muscle;the range of concentration for Zn was 26.68 - 816.67 mg/Kg followed by Cu: 1.18 - 35.81 mg/Kg, Cr: 1.10 - 9.30 mg/Kg, Ni: 0.40 - 3.80 mg/Kg, Pb: <0.02 - 1.92 mg/Kg and Hg: <0.03 - 1.97 mg/Kg. Chromium and mercury concentrations slightly exceed the limits for fish proposed by FAO/WHO and Mexican Legislation for human consumption in the edible parts of fish from each one of the regions of the Tepuxtepec Dam. The results show that metal accumulation in herbivorous carp tissues was higher in regions 1, 2 and 3 than the others, which could be due to the influence of Lerma River, one of the most polluted rivers of Mexico.

关键词： Metals Fish Tissues TXRF

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