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Spatial and temporal dynamics of Pai forest vegetation in Pakistan assessed by RS and gIS

Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 593-603页

作者： A.A.siyal a.g.siyal R.B.Mahar U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water(USPCAS-W) Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyJamshoroPakistan Department of Land and Water Management Sindh Agriculture UniversityTandojamPakistan

Pai, an arid forest in Sindh Province of Pakistan, is important for the environmental, social, economic development and conservation of ecosystems of the province. Considering the significance of the forest for Sindh and the calls from the local population for its deforestation, we quantified the spatial and temporal variation in the vegetation of the forest and land surface temperature （LST） using optical and thermal Landsat satellite data. Our analysis of temporal （1987-2014） images with ArcgIS 10.1 revealed that the dense forest area was greatest at 725 ha （37 % of the total forest area） during 2013 while it was smallest at 217 ha （11%） in 1992. The sparse forest area peaked during 1987 at 1115 ha （58 %） under shrubs whereas it was smallest at 840 ha （43 %） in 1992, and the maximum deforestation of Pai forest occurred during 1992. Spatial change in vegetation over a period of about 27 years （1987-2014） revealed that vegetation increased on an area of 735 ha （37 %）, decreased on 427 ha （22 %）, and there was no change on 808 ha （41%） of the forest. Variation in temperature between shaded （dense forest） and unshaded areas （bare land） of the forest was from 6 to 10 ℃. While the temperature difference between areas with sparse forest and bare land ranged from 4 to 6℃. An inverse relationship between LST and NDVI of Pai forest with coefficients of determination of 0.944 and 0.917 was observed when NDVI was plotted against minimum and maximum LST, respectively. The vegetation in the forest increased with time and the areas of more dense Pai forest supported lower surface temperature and thus air temperature.

关键词： Landsat Arid forest NDVI Deforestation Ecosystem Land surface temperature (LST)

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Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin and alpha-fetoprotein levels as biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma and their correlation with radiological characteristics

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World Journal of gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2024年第1期15卷 37-43页

作者： Muhammad Ali Qadeer Zaigham Abbas Shaima Amjad Bushra Shahid Abeer Altaf Mehreen siyal Department of Hepatogastroenterology Dr.Ziauddin University Hospital CliftonKarachi 75600Pakistan Medicine Dr.Ziauddin University Hospital CliftonKarachi 75600Pakistan Internal Medicine Dr.Ziauddin University Hospital CliftonKarachi 75600Pakistan

BACKgROUND Alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),a commonly used biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),is normal in up to one-third of *** To evaluate the diagnostic performance of des-gamma-carboxy-prothrombin(DCP)alone and in combination with *** In this study,202 patients with radiologically proven HCC were enrolled,and their DCP and AFP levels were evaluated for their diagnostic *** The mean age of the enrolled patients was 58.5 years;72.0%were *** was elevated in 86.6%(n=175)of all patients,100.0%(n=74)of patients with portal vein thrombus,and 87.4%(n=111)of patients with multicentric *** was elevated in 64.3%(n=130)of all the patients,74%(n=55)of the patients with portal vein thrombus,and 71.6%(n=91)of the patients with multicentric HCC(P=0.030,0.001,and 0.015,respectively).In tumors less than 2 cm in size(n=46),DCP was increased in 32(69.5%)patients,and AFP was increased in 25(54.3%)patients(P=0.801).There was good pairing between DCP and AFP for HCCs of 2 cm size or larger(Pg among tumorsgnificant(P=0.210).In 69 of the patients(34.1%),only one of the tumor markers was positive;DCP was elevated alone in 57/202(28.2%)of all patients,and AFP alone was elevated in 12/202(5.9%)of the *** areas under receiver operating characteristic curves(AUROC)for tumors>2 cm was 0.74 for DCP and 0.59 for AFP;combining both markers resulted in an AUROC of *** tumorsgnostic performance in many cases of ***,DCP may replace AFP as the primary HCC biomarker.

关键词： Des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin Protein induced by vitamin K absence-II Cirrhosis Alpha-fetoprotein Biomarkers Hepatocellular carcinoma Portal vein thrombus

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Estimating the Recreational Value of Kotri Barrage in Sindh,Pakistan

Estimating the Recreational Value of Kotri Barrage in Sindh,...

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作者： siyal Sajid Ali 南京农业大学

学位级别：硕士

本研究以巴基斯坦信德省巴基斯坦旅游景区为案例,于2018年6-7月实地调研,共收集300份问卷,以期通过经济分析增加巴基斯坦景区收入,进一步促进巴基斯坦景区发展。目前,学者已经对景区经济进行了较为充分的分析评估,但大多数倾向关注绿地... 详细信息

本研究以巴基斯坦信德省巴基斯坦旅游景区为案例,于2018年6-7月实地调研,共收集300份问卷,以期通过经济分析增加巴基斯坦景区收入,进一步促进巴基斯坦景区发展。目前,学者已经对景区经济进行了较为充分的分析评估,但大多数倾向关注绿地景区,如对国家历史公园的市场价值评估。同时可以发现,目前学者对信德省的湿地经济价值研究较少。因此,本研究创新性地对巴基斯坦景区进行经济价值评估,进一步丰富了巴基斯坦湿地经济价值的研究,为景区经济研究提供有益补充。本文运用旅行成本模型来衡量巴基斯坦景区的娱乐价值。研究结果表明,巴基斯坦景区的娱乐价值为平均每位游客4029卢比,年度娱乐总价值为846.09百万卢比。当前的消费者剩余为每位游客70卢比,年度总消费者剩余为1470万卢比。同时发现,有多种因素会影响巴基斯坦的年度游客量,例如旅行成本、游客家庭收入以及巴基斯坦景区的质量。巴基斯坦景区质量的提高可能会增加25%的景区收入。因此,本研究建议巴基斯坦景区将门票提高60卢比/每人,用于对巴基斯坦景区的管理,以此方式每年将会产生14亿美元的收入,相当于巴基斯坦环境部门年度分配预算的22%。此外,该研究测算了近90%的游客同意支付额外的入场费,用以改善哥德里拦河坝。75%的游客愿意以60卢比作为进入的费用。因此,如果对60卢比的入场费进行一定改进,则拦河坝的年收入将增加1260万卢比。这笔款项将对信德省政府、野生动植物保护、拦河坝的维护以及拉姆萨尔遗址的保护均有帮助。此外,当询问访问者现场条件是否有所改善时,超过四分之三(225)的受访者表示访问频率会更高。在这种情况下,每位访客的年均旅行次数将从3.5增加到5.5。如果在经济价值的计算中加以利用,则其年度经济价值将呈现更多的增长。

关键词：环境价值旅游成本法总旅游价值科特里拦河坝巴基斯坦

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Recent advances in gel polymer electrolyte for high-performance lithium batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第10期28卷 126-142页

作者： Ming Zhu Jiaxin Wu Yue Wang Mingming Song Lei Long Sajid Hussain siyal Xiaoping Yang gang Sui State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology

Lithium batteries (LBs) have become increasingly important energy storage systems in our daily life. However, their practical applications are still severely plagued by the safety issues from liquid electrolyte, especially when the batteries are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. gel polymer electrolytes (gPEs) are being considered as an effective solution to replace currently available organic liquid electrolyte for building safer LBs. This review provides recent advancements in gPEs applied for high-performance LBs. On the one hand, from the environmental and economic point of view, the skeletons of gPEs changed from traditional polymer to renewable and degradable polymer. On the other hand, in addition to being as a component with good electrochemical and physical characterizations, the gPEs also need to provide some functions for addressing the concerns of lithium (Li) dendrites, unstable cathode electrolyte interface, dissolution and migration of transition metal ions,"shuttle effect" of polysulfides, and so on. Finally, to synchronously meet the challenges from the advanced cathode and Li metal anode, the bio-based gPEs with multi-functionality are proposed to develop high-energy/powerdensity batteries in the future.

关键词： Lithium ion batteries gel polymer electrolyte Skeleton Functionality

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Biochars reduce irrigation water sodium adsorption ratio

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Biochar 2021年第1期3卷 77-87页

作者： Saima Awan James A.Ippolito J.L.Ullman Kamran Ansari Liqiang Cui A.A.siyal US‑Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water Mehran University of Engineering and Technology JamshoroSindh 76090Pakistan Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Colorado State UniversityFort Collins 80523USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of UtahSalt Lake City 84112USA School of Environmental Science and Engineering Yancheng Institute of TechnologyNo.211 of Jianjun RoadYancheng 224051China

Irrigation water quality plays a vital role in sustaining crop productivity and feeding a growing world *** many countries,continued agricultural water reuse can lead to greater water-soluble salt concentrations,and in particular Na;finding means by which irrigation water Na,and thus sodium adsorption ratios(SAR),can be reduced would reduce the rate at which soil sodification *** biochars,containing a variety of organic functional groups and electrochemistries,were examined for their potential to sorb and remove Na from simulated irrigation water,and subsequently reduce water *** batch experiments examined the role that wheat straw biochar,lodgepole pine biochar,Kentucky bluegrass biochar,and hemp biochar played in terms of sorbing sodium over time or application *** the four biochars examined,hemp biochar had the lowest oxidation-reduction potential(ORP;~0-100 mV),sorbed the greatest Na amount(up to 923 mg kg^(−1)),and released Ca and Mg(up to 115 and 63 mg kg^(−1),respectively)into solution,all of which led to a significant reduction in water SAR(from 8.8 to 7.3;17% decrease).Sodium sorption onto hemp biochar better fit a Langmuir versus a Freundlich isotherm,yet followed a pseudo-second-order model better than a pseudo-first-order kinetic *** data suggest that Na ions formed a monolayer on the hemp biochar surface,influenced by associations withπelectrons,but given time the Na ions may diffuse into biochar pores or more slowly interact with biochar-borneπ*** biochar shows promise in reducing the SAR of Na-impacted *** investigations should focus on additional laboratory,greenhouse,and field trials with hemp biochar and other biochars designed to have similar or superior properties for sorbing excess irrigation water Na and improving crop growth.

关键词： Biochar Na-containing irrigation water Oxidation-reduction potential Sodium sorption πElectrons

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Effects of plastic sheet on water saving and yield under furrow irrigation method in semi-arid region

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第1期11卷 172-177页

作者： Muhammad Sohail Memon Kausar Ali Altaf Ali siyal Jun guo Shamim Ara Memon Shakeel Ahmed Soomro Noreena Memon Changying Ji College of Engineering Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210031China Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam 70060Pakistan U.S.-Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Water(USPCAS-W) Mehran University of Engineering and TechnologyJamshoroSindh 76062Pakistan Yancheng Vocational Institute of Industry Technology Yancheng 224005China

The increasing demand of water in the country highlights the need to introduce low-input and water saving technologies for agricultural sustainability and crop production,mainly in semi-arid region.A study was conducted to minimize deep percolation losses from the furrow bottom under two different irrigation treatments viz.(1)furrow bottom with plastic sheet(T1)and(2)furrow bottom without plastic Sheet(T0).The physical and chemical analyses of soil profile were taken at a depth of 0-80 cm before and after crop *** dry density of soil slightly increased(0.01 g/cm^(3))under both treatments,while soil pH decreased under *** average yield was 8332 kg/hm^(2) and 7575 kg/hm^(2),with 21.56 m^(3) and 31.09 m^(3) total volume of irrigation water applied under T1and T0,*** saving percentages of water under treatments were 52.22% and 31.00% under T1 and T0 respectively as compared to the saving of water under traditional irrigation ***,better performance,in terms of crop production and water saving,was obtained with use of plastic sheet integrated with bottom of ***,it is suggested that the furrow irrigation method with plastic sheet may be used to preventing moisture and minimize deep percolation losses from furrow bottom.

关键词： furrow irrigation semi-arid region water saving yield plastic sheet deep percolation okra crop soil pH

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领导者风格会降低公务员的离职倾向吗？基于领导成员交互和换位思考 ——一个有调节的中介效应模型

领导者风格会降低公务员的离职倾向吗？基于领导成员交互和换位思...

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作者： Saeed siyal 中国科学技术大学

学位级别：硕士

公务员的离职倾向是全球发达国家和发展中国家公共部门组织面临的最关键和新出现的问题之一。巴基斯坦是发展中国家,公务员频繁离职转向其他组织。因此,公共部门组织除了日常工作,还承担着新任命公务员的招聘,培训和发展的工作。本文研... 详细信息

公务员的离职倾向是全球发达国家和发展中国家公共部门组织面临的最关键和新出现的问题之一。巴基斯坦是发展中国家,公务员频繁离职转向其他组织。因此,公共部门组织除了日常工作,还承担着新任命公务员的招聘,培训和发展的工作。本文研究的目的是回应关于公务员离职倾向的讨论。本文考察了公务员的离职倾向和这种行为的背后机制。为此,研究者从巴基斯坦各公共部门组织收集了 385名受访者的样本,使用SPSS V21工具和回归分析技术对数据进行分析以得出结果。基于两个相关理论,即动机信息处理理论和社会交换理论,对研究变量之间提出的关系进行了检验和验证。这些理论可以较好地支持这项研究。研究结果表明,公务员的离职倾向与变革型领导行为呈负相关。这是在实施领导成员交换时实现的,它可以减少公务员的离职行为。此外,为了增加对这些关系的理解,纳入换位思考的调节效应被认为是有用的,也可以减少公务员的离职倾向。本文认为,通过改善变革型领导行为,实行领导成员交换和换位思考,可以将离职倾向降至最低。通过这样做,领导者和公务员可以发展和保持良好的工作以及相互之间的社会交流关系,并创造一个激励公务员保持现有职位的动机。

关键词：离职倾向变革型领导领导成员交换换位思考公务员

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Detection of QTL and QTN and candidate genes for oil content in soybean using a combination of four-way-RIL and germplasm populations

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The Crop Journal 2020年第5期8卷 802-811页

作者： Xiyu Li Kaixin Zhang Xu Sun Shanshan Huang Jiajing Wang Chang Yang Mahfishan siyal Chao Wang Chunlan guo Xiping Hu Wen-Xia Li Hailong Ning Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/GeneticsMinistry of AgricultureNortheast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030HeilongjiangChina Yancheng Institute of Technology Yancheng 224051JiangsuChina Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture Beidahuang Kenfeng Seed Co.Ltd.Harbin 150030HeilongjiangChina

Soybean is a source of edible oil for humans and provides a third of the vegetable oil consumed *** seed oil content in seeds is thus a key objective in soybean *** the present study,a four-way recombinant inbred line(FW-RIL)population comprising 144 lines,planted in 10 environments,and a germplasm panel of 455 accessions,planted in two environments,were used to collect oil-content ***,59 quantitative trait loci(QTL)were detected in the FW-RIL population by inclusive complete interval mapping on a linkage map consisting of 2232 single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)*** in the FW-RILs,44 quantitative trait nucleotides(QTNs)were detected by association analysis using 109,676 SNP markers and fivemethods of multi-locus genome-wide association ***,77 QTN were detected by association analysis in the germplasm panel using 63,306 *** of the QTL and QTN suggested four QTN controlling oil *** analysis was performed on genes in attenuation regions of these four QTN,and two candidate genes involved in the synthesis or metabolism of soybean oil were *** findings provide useful information about the genetics of oil content and may contribute to its genetic improvement by marker-assisted selection.

关键词： soybean germplasm planted

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ghost Haemoglobin Affecting the Efficacy of Phototherapy

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2019年第10期10卷 523-530页

作者： Azizullah Langah Sara Sadiq Ali Akbar siyal Department of Pediatric Medicine Peoples University of Health Sciences Nawabshah Pakistan Department of Physiology CMH Institute of Medical Sciences Bahawalpur Pakistan.

Introduction: Phototherapy is the treatment of choice for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. It converts the unconjugated bilirubin from polar and neurotoxic Z-Z-bilirubin to the more polar photobilirubin. It has been hypothesized that high level of hemoglobin or hematocrit interferes in the effectiveness of phototherapy. The objective of the current study is to find out the association of hemoglobin/hematocrit to change in total serum bilirubin concentration during phototherapy. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 296 neonates with uncomplicated hyperbilirubinemia. Before initiating the phototherapy, hemoglobin, hematocrit and total serum bilirubin levels were measured. After treating the neonates with phototherapy using LED-light for 24 hours, the total serum bilirubin level was measured again. The data were analyzed by using SPSS version-20. Results: The majority of study participants were male (60.8%), with mean postnatal age of 4.66 ±1.65, having mean birth weight of 2.41 ±0.41. Considering Pearson correlation, the hemoglobin had a significant inverse association with ΔTsB0-24 while birth weight and postnatal age also had inverse association but p-values were non-significant, while TsB0 had presented a very weak but significant positive association. The results might be evident of the fact that increase in hemoglobin concentration results in minimal change in total serum bilirubin concentration during phototherapy. Conclusion: Current study found a significant effect of hemoglobin on efficacy of phototherapy, as the change in total serum bilirubin concentration is inversely correlated with the level of hemoglobin. This is important for the physician in treating neonates with hyperbilirubinemia by using phototherapy.

关键词： Hyperbilirubinemia Neonatal Jaundice Phototherapy

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银鲳形态特征与DNA条形码研究

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水产学报 2013年第11期37卷 1601-1608页

作者：李渊宋娜 KHAN Fozia siyal 柳本卓高天翔中国海洋大学海洋生物多样性与进化研究所日本中央水产研究所

鲳属鱼类广泛分布于中国沿海,为重要经济鱼种,鲳属鱼类因外部形态存在较大的相似性,分类一直存在分歧。本研究于2010年10月—2012年9月采集科威特(科威特北部海域)、巴基斯坦(松米亚尼湾、奥尔马拉和伯斯尼)、北部湾和台湾近海的银鲳样... 详细信息

鲳属鱼类广泛分布于中国沿海,为重要经济鱼种,鲳属鱼类因外部形态存在较大的相似性,分类一直存在分歧。本研究于2010年10月—2012年9月采集科威特(科威特北部海域)、巴基斯坦(松米亚尼湾、奥尔马拉和伯斯尼)、北部湾和台湾近海的银鲳样品,对其形态特征进行重新描述,并对其DNA条形码开展了研究。银鲳的主要形态特征为背鳍Ⅶ-Ⅷ-39~43;胸鳍21~29;臀鳍Ⅴ-Ⅵ-35~41;尾鳍26~28。鳃耙细弱、稀疏,2~3+8~9=10~12。头部后上方侧线管的横枕管丛和背分支丛后缘呈浅弧形,腹分支丛较背分支丛略长,向后延伸未达背鳍起点,呈峨眉状。脊椎骨数37~38。结合genBank中所有拉丁学名为Pampus argenteus的COⅠ基因进行同源序列比较发现,所有个体单倍型明显分为4个组群,而从氨基酸遗传差异和组群间遗传距离可以看出,4个组群应为不同的有效种;genBank中只有FJ384702与本研究序列结果相近。本研究描述了银鲳形态特征,并给出其正确的COⅠ基因DNA条形码序列,为深入开展鲳属鱼类的分类研究奠定了基础。

关键词：银鲳形态特征 DNA条形码遗传差异

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