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Hea.th 2012年第10期4卷 904-909页

作者： La.ra.a. Rowe Da.id M. Dodson Project Hea.thy Children Cambridge USA

The ga. tha. exists between resea.ch a.d the dissemina.ion a.d implementa.ion of resea.ch findings ha. been well esta.lished. Food fortifica.ion, one of the most cost-effective mea.s of a.dressing micronutrient ma.nutrition, is no exception. With deca.es of implementa.ion experience, there is need to strengthen mecha.isms tha. effectively broa.ca.t proven stra.egies to promote the successful implementa.ion of fortifica.ion progra.s in cha.ging, cha.lenging, a.d dyna.ic environments. This requires clea. cha.nels of communica.ion, well-defined in-country lea.ership, a.d a.strea.lined a.d focused a.proa.h tha. ca. be a.a.ted to country-specific contexts. Ba.ed on experience designing a.d implementing fortifica.ion progra.s throughout a.rica.a.d a.broa. understa.ding of pa.t successes a.d fa.lures, a.model is proposed tha. a.ticula.es often over-looked progra. elements critica. to design a.d implementa.ion.

关键词： Food Fortifica.ion Micronutrient Ma.nutrition Progra. Design Progra. Implementa.ion Lea.ership a.rica

<i>Bra.yrhizobium ja.onicum</i>Inocula.ion a.d Phosphorus Supplementa.ion on Growth a.d Chlorophyll a.cumula.ion in Soybea. (<i>Glycine ma.</i>L.)

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a.erica. Journa. of Pla.t Sciences 2013年第12期4卷 2281-2289页

作者： Eutropia.V. Ta.ro Pa.rick a. Nda.idemi School of Life Sciences a.d Bio-Engineering Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology Arusha Tanzania

a.field a.d gla.shouse experiment wa. conducted to study the effect of B. ja.onicum inocula.ion a.d phosphorus supplementa.ion on growth a.d lea. chlorophyll content in soybea.. The trea.ments consisted of B. ja.onicum inocula.ion (with & without), phosphorus supplementa.ion a. the levels of 0, 20, 40 a.d 80 kgP·ha.1. Both trea.ments were replica.ed four times in a.split plot design. The following pa.a.eters were mea.ured: pla.t height (cm), number lea.es per pla.t, number of da.s to 50% flowering, number of da.s to 50% pod forma.ion, stem girth a.d lea. a.ea.(La.. Results showed tha. inocula.ion with B. ja.onicum significa.tly increa.ed pla.t height, number of lea.es, lea. chlorophyll content, stem girth, lea. a.ea.(La. a.d lea. a.ea.index (La.). However, Phosphorus supplementa.ion ha. significa.t effects in some pa.a.eters mea.ured. The use of effective stra.n of B. ja.onicum a.d phosphorus supplementa.ion wa. a. efficient wa. of enha.cing the growth of soybea..

关键词： Da.s to 50% Flowering Da.s to 50% Pod Forma.ion Legumes Pla.t Height Lea. a.ea (La. Lea. a.ea Index (La.) Number of Lea.es per Pla.t Stem Girth

Bird species composition a.d diversity in ha.ita.s with different disturba.ce histories a. Kilombero Wetla.d, Ta.za.ia

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Open Journa. of Ecology 2013年第7期3卷 482-488页

作者： Wilba.d a. Ntonga.i Sa.ora.M. a.drew Depa.tment of Forest Biology Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania Depa.tment of Forest Biology Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania

Wetla.d na.ura. gra.sla.ds a.e importa.t ha.ita.s for a.ia. popula.ions throughout the world. Unfortuna.ely the increa.e of huma. popula.ion a.d rise in dema.d for settlements a.d a.ricultura. la.d ha.e degra.ed these ha.ita.s in ma.y tropica. wetla.ds. To effectively restore these na.ura. gra.sla.ds a.d conserve a.ifa.na. biodiversity, understa.ding of the rela.ionships between ha.ita. conditions a.d bird community structure a.e centra.. We used a.combina.ion of informa.ion from nea.by villa.ers a.d field surveys to esta.lish two importa.t gra.sla.d ha.ita.s with low a.d high disturba.ce histories, a.d rela.ed the ha.ita.s to bird community structure. We surveyed a.tota. of 119 sites in the two ha.ita.s to exa.ine va.ia.ion in the a.unda.ce, richness, diversity a.d composition of birds a. Kilombero Wetla.d Ta.za.ia. In tota., 3049 individua.s, 126 species, 88 genera.a.d 45 fa.ilies were recorded from Kilombero gra.sla.ds. Our results show tha. gra.sla.ds with low huma. disturba.ce ha. more number of bird species, genera. fa.ilies a.d diversity (both Sha.nonWiener a.d Simpson) tha. the most disturbed gra.sla.ds a.p 0.05) between low a.d highly disturbed gra.sla.d ha.ita.s suggesting tha. other fa.tors including va.iety of fora.ing sites a.e importa.t. This study confirms tha. the wetla.d gra.sla.ds of Kilombero a.e importa.t for conserva.ion of birds including ra.e a.d endemic species. It is recommended tha. a.thropogenic disturba.cesshould be minimized including control of fire, regula.ion of a.ricultura. a.tivities a.d popula.ion of ca.tle within the wetla.d system to restore a.d conserve biodiversity.

关键词： Na.ura. Ha.ita.s Simplified La.dsca.es a.thropogenic Disturba.ce Richness Biodiversity Kilombero Ta.za.ia

The Ca.e of Nonzero Initia. Conditions in the Evolution of the Cha.ge Density Distribution Function for a.Spherica.ly Symmetric System

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Journa. of a.plied Ma.hema.ics a.d Physics 2014年第7期2卷 495-502页

作者： Boris I. Sa.ovnikov a.ex a. Zha.oronkov Fa.ulty of Physics Moscow State University Moscow Russian Moscow Institute of Physics a.d Technology Dolgoprudny Russian

We explored the Ca.chy problem for the evolution of the cha.ge density distribution function for a.spherica.ly symmetric system with nonzero initia. conditions. In our model, the evolution of the cha.ge density distribution function is simula.ed for the ca.e of a.non-uniform cha.ged sphere. The initia. speed of the system is nonzero. The solution brea.s down into two components: the first one describes the system’s motion a. a.whole a.d the second describes the process of the evolution of the cha.ge density function under the influence of its own electric field in the center-of-ma.s system. In this pa.er we considered the cha.a.teristic fea.ures of the implementa.ion of a.difference scheme for numerica. simula.ion. We a.so illustra.e the process of “sca.tering” of a.moving cha.ged system under the influence of its own electric field on the ba.is of the solution of the Ca.chy problem for vector functions of the electric field a.d vector velocity field of a.cha.ged medium.

关键词： Ca.chy Problem Nonzero Initia. Conditions Cha.ge Density Distribution

Virtua. a.a.omy: The Dissecting Thea.re of the Future—Implementa.ion of Cinema.ic Rendering in a.La.ge 8 K High-Resolution Projection Environment

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Journa. of Biomedica. Science a.d Engineering 2017年第8期10卷 367-375页

作者： Fra.z a. Fellner Kla.s Engel Christoph Kremer Centra. Ra.iology Institute Kepler University Hospital Medical Faculty of the Johannes Kepler University Linz Austria Medica. Fa.ulty of the Friedrich-a.exa.der-University Erla.gen-Nürnberg Erlangen Germany Siemens Hea.thineers Erlangen Germany a.s Electronica.Center Linz Austria

Modern computer techniques ha.e been in use for severa. yea.s to genera.e three-dimensiona. visua.iza.ions of huma. a.a.omy. Very good 3-D computer models of the huma. body a.e now a.a.la.le a.d used routinely in a.a.omy instruction. These techniques a.e subsumed under the hea.ing “virtua. a.a.omy” to distinguish them from the conventiona. study of a.a.omy enta.ling ca.a.ers a.d a.a.omy textbooks. Moreover, other ima.ing procedures (X-ra., a.giogra.hy, CT a.d MR) a.e a.so used in virtua. a.a.omy instruction. a.recently introduced three-dimensiona. post-processing technique na.ed Cinema.ic Rendering now ma.es it possible to use the output of routine CT a.d MR exa.ina.ions a. the ba.is for highly photo-rea.istic 3-D depictions of huma. a.a.omy. We ha.e insta.led Cinema.ic Rendering (ena.led for stereoscopy) in a.high-definition 8K 3-D projection spa.e tha. a.commoda.es a. a.dience of 150. The spa.e’s projection surfa.e mea.ures 16 × 9 meters;ima.es ca. be projected on both the front wa.l a.d the floor. a.ga.e controller ca. be used to opera.e Cinema.ic Rendering softwa.e so tha. it ca. genera.e intera.tive rea.-time depictions of huma. a.a.omy on the ba.is of CT a.d MR da.a.sets. This prototype insta.la.ion wa. implemented without technica. problems;in da.-to-da., rea.-world use over a.period of 22 months, there were no impa.rments of service due to softwa.e cra.hes or other technica. problems. We a.e a.rea.y employing this insta.la.ion routinely for educa.iona. offerings open to the public, courses for students in the hea.th professions, a.d (continuing) professiona. educa.ion units for medica. interns, residents a.d specia.ists—in, so to spea., the dissecting thea.er of the future.

关键词： Virtua. a.a.omy Educa.ion Cinema.ic Rendering (CR) Volume Rendering (VR) High-Resolution 3D Displa. Computed Tomogra.hy (CT) Ma.netic Resona.ce (MR)

a.rhythmogenic Ventricula. Dyspla.ia.Ca.diomyopa.hy: Insights from the Ra.iona.e of Disea.e Nomencla.ure a.d Clinica. Perspectives

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World Journa. of Ca.diova.cula. Disea.es 2015年第8期5卷 218-226页

作者： a.mé Bonny Moha.med a. Ta.le Guy Fonta.ne Doua.a.Ca.diova.cula. Resea.ch Center University of Douala Douala Cameroon Clinique Pa.l Picquet Sens France Division of Ca.diology Department of Internal Medicine University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital/University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Nigeria Groupe Hospita.ier Pitie Sa.petriere Unite de Rythmologie Paris France

“a.rhythmogenic right ventricula. dyspla.ia. (a.VD), a.hea.t muscle disorder cha.a.terized by the presence of fibro-fa.ty tissue a.d ventricula. electrica. vulnera.ility rela.ed to sudden dea.h, wa. first described in 1977 by a.French tea.. Since then, other terms such a. “a.rhythmogenic right ventricula. ca.diomyopa.hy” (a.VC), “a.rhythmogenic ca.diomyopa.hy” (a.), “left-domina.t a.rhythmogenic ca.diomyopa.hy” (LDa.), a.d “a.rhythmogenic left ventricula. dyspla.ia. (a.VD) ha.e been introduced. These cha.ges in nomencla.ure of the sa.e disea.e entity a.e ba.ed on different expla.a.ions of pa.homorphologic pa.terns. The dyspla.ia.theory cla.ms ca.dia. growth “ma.development” wherea. the ca.diomyopa.hy ha. been seen a. a. a.rophy from a.quired injury (myocyte dea.h) a.d repa.r (fibrofa.ty repla.ement). The other a.ea.of divergent opinion is with rega.ds to involvement of both ventricles ra.her tha. being a. isola.ed right ventricula. a.oma.y tha. ma. result in increa.ed likelihood of dia.nosing the concea.ed form ma.ifesting with pre-domina.t left ventricula. a.rhythmia.. Multiple line of evidences support common disea.e pa.h-wa.s: Presence of fibro-fa.ty a.d superimposed myoca.ditis, desmosome muta.ions a.d ma.func-tion. These compelling da.a.rega.ding the hea.t growth, a.d pa.hologica., clinica., phenotype/ genotype correla.es ha.e a.va.ced our understa.ding of a.rhythmogenic ventricula. dyspla.ia. ca.diomyopa.hy a.d increa.ed the dia.nostic a.cura.y a. well a. providing a. a.enue for future development of new mecha.ism-ba.ed thera.ies.

关键词： a.rhythmogenic Right Ventricula. Dyspla.ia.Ca.diomyopa.hy a.rhythmogenic Ca.diomyopa.hy Ventricula. a.rhythmia Sudden Ca.dia. Dea.h

Nonlinea. Control of Cha.tic Forced Duffing a.d Va. der Pol Oscilla.ors

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Interna.iona. Journa. of Modern Nonlinea. Theory a.d a.plica.ion 2017年第1期6卷 26-37页

作者： Moha.med a.gha.sa. a.r Ma.moud Moha.ed a. Zohdy Electrica. a.d Computer Engineering Depa.tment Oakland University Rochester MI USA College of Engineering Shaqra University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

This pa.er discusses a.novel technique a.d implementa.ion to perform nonlinea. control for two different forced model sta.e oscilla.ors a.d a.tua.ors. The pa.er sta.ts by discussing the Duffing oscilla.or which fea.ures a.second order non-linea. differentia. equa.ion describing complex motion wherea. the second model is the Va. der Pol oscilla.or with non-linea. da.ping. a.first order a.tua.or is a.ded to both models to expa.d on the cha.tic beha.ior of the oscilla.ors. In order to control the system without comprising linea.iza.ion, Lya.unov non-linea. control wa. used. a.control Lya.unov function wa. ta.lored to the system. This led to improved ma.euvera.ility of the controller a.d the performa.ce of the overa.l system. The controller wa. found to be highly efficient in system tra.king a.d ha. swift response time. Simula.ions were performed on both the uncontrolled a.d controlled ca.es. Both simula.ion results ultima.ely confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

关键词： Duffing Oscilla.or Lya.unov Function Nonlinea. Control Va. der Pol Oscilla.or

Pa.a.leled DC-DC Power Converters Sliding Mode Control with Dua. Sta.es Design

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Journa. of Power a.d Energy Engineering 2014年第2期2卷 1-10页

作者： Ba.ha. Kha.a.neh Ma.a.Sa.ra.Moha.ed a. Zohdy Depa.tment of Electrica. a.d Computer Engineering Oakland University Rochester Michigan USA.

This pa.er proposes the new ca.ca.ed series pa.a.lel design for improved dyna.ic performa.ce of DC-DC buck boost converters by a.new Sliding Mode Control (SMC) method. The converter is controlled using Sliding Mode Control method tha. utilizes the converter’s duty ra.io to determine the skidding surfa.e. System modeling a.d simula.ion results a.e presented. The results a.so showed a. improved overa.l performa.ce over typica. PID controller, a.d there wa. no overshoot or settling time, tra.king the desired output nicely. Improved converter performa.ce a.d robustness were expected.

关键词： DC-DC Converters Pa.a.leled Converter DC-DC Control Efficiency Improvement of DC-DC Sliding Mode Control (SMC) Hyper Pla.e Design Va.ia.le Structure Control (VSC)

The Effects of Forest Thinning Pra.tices a.d a.tered Nutrient Supply on Soil Tra.e Ga. Fluxes in Colora.o

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Open Journa. of Forestry 2014年第3期4卷 278-289页

作者： Ma.k a. Ga.ha.y Ingrid C. Burke Depa.tment of Science & Ma.hema.ics Cedarville University Cedarville USA Ha.b School of Environment a.d Na.ura. Resources University of Wyoming Laramie USA

Increa.es in wildfire a.tivity in the western United Sta.es ha.e prompted la.d ma.a.ers to reeva.ua.e ma.a.ement pra.tices. In the Colora.o Front Ra.ge, where popula.ion density is high, there is often a.grea. concern rega.ding wildfire which lea.s to efforts tha. will reduce fire ha.a.d. The most common method of a.hieving this goa. is to thin the forest of sma.l dia.eter trees. Oftentimes these pra.tices a.e underta.en with little knowledge of the ecologica. consequences of such trea.ments. We investiga.ed the effect(s) of three trea.ments (control, thinning-only a.d broa.ca.t chipping) on tra.e ga. fluxes (CO2, CH4, a.d N2O), litter ma.s, a.d soil ca.bon a.d nitrogen. In a.sma.l plot study, we used a.2 × 3 × 3 ra.domized complete block design to determine the influence of nutrient a.endments (woodchips, nitrogen, a.d phosphorus a.a.la.ility) on tra.e ga. fluxes. The sta.d-ma.a.ement study revea.ed tha. neither thinning-only nor broa.ca.t chipping significa.tly a.fected soil ca.bon or nitrogen, while thinning-only significa.tly reduced the a.ount of forest floor litter. Ea.h tra.e ga. flux wa. significa.tly a.fected by the da.e of sa.pling (June or a.gust). CO2 a.d N2O fluxes ea.h ha. a.significa.t intera.tion between trea.ment a.d sa.pling da.e. We a.tribute this to a.difference in moisture a.a.la.ility between the sa.pling times. In the plot study we found tha. only the intera.tion between woodchip a.dition a.d phosphorus a.a.la.ility significa.tly a.fected CO2 flux. Nitrous oxide fluxes were not significa.tly a.fected by a.y combina.ion, however, metha.e upta.e wa. found to respond significa.tly to different nitrogen a.d phosphorus levels.

关键词： Forest Restora.ion Chipping Nutrient Supply Greenhouse Ga.es

The Effect of Simula.ion-Ba.ed Tra.ning on Nursing Students’ Communica.ion Skill, Self-Effica.y a.d Clinica. Competence for Nursing Pra.tice

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Open Journa. of Nursing 2019年第8期9卷 855-869页

作者： Sa.wa.a. Moha.ed Ima. H. Fa.ha.sheh Medica. Surgica. Nursing Faculty of Nursing Fayoum University Fayoum Egypt Medica. Surgica. Nursing University of Bisha Bisha Saudi Arabia Critica. Ca.e Nursing University of Bisha Bisha Saudi Arabia Nursing College Arab American University Jenin Palestine

Ba.kground: Simula.ion-ba.ed tra.ning is a.new stra.egy in tea.hing tha. gives the students good opportunities to lea.n a.d a.ply wha. they lea.n in nursing ca.e sa.ely. a.m: This study conducted to eva.ua.e the effects of simula.ion-ba.ed tra.ning on nursing students’ communica.ion skill, self-effica.y a.d clinica. competence in pra.tice. Subjects a.d Methods: Quiz-experimenta. design wa. used in this study (pre-posttest intervention), it wa. ca.ried out on 100 nursing students first semester in 2019 using low a.d high-fidelity simula.ors. This study wa. ca.ried out a. College of a.plied Medica. Sciences-Bshia.University. Da.a.Collection: demogra.hic da.a. communica.ion skill, self-effica.y a.d clinica. competence questionna.res. a.a.ysis is done by SPSS version 20 softwa.e. Results: Pa.ticipa.ts who received the simula.ion-ba.ed tra.ning, showed sta.istica. significa.t improvement in communica.ion skill, self-effica.y, a.d clinica. competence scores a.ter pa.ticipa.ion in the simula.ion progra. (t = −32.64, p = 0.001;t = −19.9, p = 0.001;16.4, p = 0.001). a.so, there a.e significa.t rela.ion between gender a.d clinica. competency (t = 2.768, p Conclusion: Simula.ion-ba.ed tra.ning in medica. courses is effective in enha.cing communica.ion skill, self-effica.y a.d clinica. competence. Multiple-pa.ient simula.ions a. a.tea.hing-lea.ning stra.egy in the nursing curriculum a.e highly recommended.

关键词： Simula.ion-Ba.ed Nursing Students Communica.ion Skill Self-Effica.y Clinica. Competence