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Performance and combustion study of a low heat rejection engine running with biogas–diethyl ether–diesel

2009年

作者： by R.k. mishra.

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 151-162页

作者： Sanjaya k.mishra Premananda Pradhan Shakti P.Jena Department of Mechanical Engineering S‘O’A Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswar751030India

The present research focuses on addressing the faster depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution in addition to the energy crisis that hinders the progress of a *** the current research,waste banana leaves were considered as substrates for biogas *** is taken as the primary fuel in dual fuel(DF)operations to maximize possible diesel *** performance and combustion assessment were executed in a low heat rejection(LHR)engine using 5%diethyl ether by volume blended with diesel(5DEE)as pilot *** combustion attributes of the engine reveal that the apex of net heat release rate(NHRR)curve retarded a bit as compared to apex of base *** peak cylinder pressure was noted to be 6.19 MPa in the LHR engine running with 5DEE+biogas at 11.7°crank angle(CA)after top dead center(aTDC)compared to 5.23 MPa for the diesel alone operation at the same *** apex point for NHRR was observed to be 54.51 J(°)^(−1)for 5DEE+biogas in LHR engine positioned at 3.2°*** brake thermal efficiency at full engine load operation decreased by 12.7%and 5.2%for biogas substitutions of 0.8 kg h^(−1)with diesel and 5DEE,respectively,compared to the base *** smoke opacity and nitric oxide emissions were reduced during the DF run accompanied by diethyl ether as a fuel additive.

关键词： Biogas Banana leaves Coating Diesel engine Diethyl ether Exhaust emissions

Epigenetic regulation of genes during development: A conserved themefrom flies to mammals

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2008年第7期35卷 413-429页

作者： Dasari Vasanthi Rakesh k mishra Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Uppal Road Hyderabad 500007 India

Eukaryotic genome is organized in form of chromatin within the nucleus. This organization is important for compaction of DNA as well as for the proper expression of the genes. During early embryonic development, genomic packaging receives variety of signals to eventually set up cell type specific expression patterns of genes. This process of regulated chromatinization leads to ＂cell type specific epigenomes＂. The expression states attained during differentiation process need to be maintained subsequently throughout the life of the organism. Epigenetic modifications are responsible for chromatin dependent regulatory mechanism and play a key role in maintenance of the expression state-a process referred to as cellular memory. Another key feature in the packaging of the genome is formation of chromatin domains that are thought to be structural as well as functional units of the higher order chromatin organization. Boundary elements that function to define such domains set the limits of regulatory elements and that of epigenetic modifications. This connection of epigenetic modification, chromatin structure and genome organization has emerged from several studies. Hox genes are among the best studied in this context and have led to the significant understanding of the epigenetic regulation during development. Here we discuss the evolutionarily conserved features of epigenetic mechanisms emerged from studies on homeotic gene clusters.

关键词： epigenetic Hox cluster chromatin boundary Polycomb group tirthorax group cellular memory

Effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose and xylotriose on plasma immunoglobulin, cecal metabolites production, microbial ecology, and metabolic pathways in broiler chickens

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1578-1589页

作者： Razib Das Pravin mishra Birendra mishra Rajesh Jha Department of Human Nutrition Food and Animal SciencesCollege of Tropical Agriculture and Human ResourcesUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96822USA

Background Dietary supplementation of xylooligosac charides(XOS) has been found to influence gut health by manipulating cecal microbiota and producing microbe-origin *** no study investigated and compared the effect of in ovo feeding of xylobiose(XOS2) and xy lotriose(XOS3) in *** study investigated the effect of in ovo feeding of these XOS compounds on post-hatch gut health parameters in chickens.A total of 144 fertilized chicken eggs were divided into three groups:a) non-injected control(CON),b) XOS2,and c) *** the 17^(th) embryonic day,the eggs of the XOS2 and XOS3 groups were injected with 3 mg of XOS2 and XOS3 diluted in 0.5 mL of 0.85% normal saline through the amniotic *** hatching,the chicks were raised for 21 *** was collected on d 14 to measure plasma *** digests were collected for measuring short-chain fatty acids(SCFA) on d 14 and 21,and for microbial ecology and microbial metabolic pathway analyses on d 7 and *** The results were considered significantly different at Pkens,revealing no differences among the *** chromatography results showed no significant differences in the concentrations of cecal SCFAs on d 14 but significant differences on d ***;the SCFA concentrations were lower in the XOS3 than in the CON group on d *** cecal metagenomics data showed that the abundance of the family Clostridiaceae significantly decreased on d 7,and the abundance of the family Oscillospiraceae increased on d 21 in the XOS2 compared to the *** was a reduction in the relative abundance of genus Clostridium sense stricto 1 in the XOS2 compared to the CON on d 7 and the genus Ruminococcus,torques in both XOS2 and XOS3 groups compared to the CON on d *** XOS2 and XOS3 groups reduced the genes for chondroitin sulfate degradation Ⅰ and L-histidine degradation Ⅰpathways,which contribute to improved gut health,respectivelyc in the micr

关键词： Broiler In ovo Metagenomics Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides

Dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of lanthanum-modified PZTFN ceramics

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第10期21卷 1019-1027页

作者： Arvind kumar S.k.mishra Research and Technology Development Centre Sharda University Dr. Harisingh Gour University

Specimens of Pb1-1.5xLax（Zr0.53 Ti0.47）1-y-zFeyNb2O3 （x = 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.012, and 0.016, y = z = 0.01）（PZTFN） ceramics were synthesized by a semi-wet route. In the present study, the effect of La doping was investigated on the structural, microstructural, dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of the ceramics. The results show that, the tetragonal （space group P4mm） and rhombohedral （space group R3c） phases are observed to coexist in the sample at x = 0.012. Microstructural investigations of all the samples reveal that La doping inhibits grain growth. Doping of La into PZTFN improves the dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties of the ceramics. The hys- teresis loops of all specimens exhibit nonlinear behavior. The dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties show a maximum response atx 〉 0.012, which corresponds to the morphotropic phase boundary （MPB）.

关键词： ceramics lanthanum doping dielectric properties piezoelectricity ferroelectricity Rietveld refinement hysteresis loops

Impedance and ferroelectric properties of Sr^(2+) modified PZT-PMN ceramics

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第6期21卷 595-603页

作者： Arvind kumar S.k.mishra Research and Technology Development Centre Sharda University Dr. Harisingh Gour University

Sr^2＋ modified polycrystalline PZT-PMN ceramics were synthesized by a semi-wet route. Impedance spectroscopy studies indicate the bulk and grain boundary effects of PZT-PMN material along with the negative temperature coefficient of resistance. The bulk conductiv-ity exhibits an Arrhenius-type thermally activated hopping process which is supported by the AC conductivity behavior as a function of fre-quency and temperature. It is observed that the remnant polarization increases with an increase in the Sr2＋content in PZT-PMN.

关键词： piezoelectric ceramics ferroelectric materials ferroelectricity electrochemical properties strontium

Effects of Sr^(2+) substitution on the structural, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of PZT-PMN ceramics

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第2期21卷 175-180页

作者： Arvind kumar S.k. mishra Research and Technology Development Centre Sharda University

This study described the structural, dielectric, and piezoelectric behavior of Pb1-xSrx[（Zr0.52Ti0.48）0.95（Mn1/3Nb2/3）0.05]O3 ceramics （PSZT-PMN, x=0, 0.025, 0.050, and 0.075）, prepared by a semi-wet route. X-ray diffraction, dielectric, and piezoelectric investigations were carried out to analyze the crystal structure. The relative dielectric constant and dielectric loss were both calculated as the functions of temperature. The room-temperature dielectric constant reaches a maximum for a Sr2＋-modified PZT-PMN ceramic with an x value of 0.050, which corresponds to the morphotropic phase boundary （MPB）. Raman spectroscopy studies also confirm the existence of this MPB for x=0.050. The piezoelectric strain coefficients （d33） value shows a maximum response for this composition. In addition, the phase transition temperature decreases significantly when the Sr2＋concentration increases in the PZT-PMN ceramics.

关键词： ceramic materials strontium substitution structural properties dielectric properties piezoelectricity

Evaluation of flocculation characteristics of kaolinite dispersion system using guar gum:A green flocculant

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第5期29卷 745-755页

作者： R.k.Dwari B.k.mishra Mineral Processing Department CSIR-Institute of Minerals and Materials TechnologyBhubaneswar 751013India Indian Institute of Technology Goa 403401India

This paper reports the systematic investigation on the flocculation,sedimentation and consolidation characteristics of kaolinite using guar gum as a green ***-situ flocculation behavior of kaolinite at various pH,guar gum dosages,and ionic strength were studied using a light scattering *** effect of these parameters on the settling rate,solid consolidation,and supernatant liquid clarity was *** morphology of kaolinite and flocculated kaolinite aggregates were analyzed using *** morphology studies suggest that it is poorly crystalline with multiple steps on edge,broken edge;laminar with high aspect ratio and have rough basal *** complex irregularity on the basal surface and the presence of multiple steps in the edges,broken edges(hydroxyl groups)have facilitated the guar gum *** isoelectric point of kaolinite is pH *** pH,ionic strength and flocculant dosage have a significant effect on the kaolinite settling *** guar gum has exhibited excellent turbidity removal efficiency at pH *** turbidity removal is inefficient at pH ***,guar gum has shown high turbidity removal with 80%transmission at pH 10 in the presence of a kNO3 electrolyte.

关键词： Guar gum Dewatering kaolinite Light scattering Morphology Flocculation

Highest Achievable Detection Range for SPR Based Sensors Using Gallium Phosphide （GAP） as a Substrate： a Theoretical Study

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Photonic Sensors 2016年第2期6卷 181-186页

作者： Rajneesh k. VERMA Akhilesh k. mishra Department of Physics Central University of Rajasthan (India) BandarSindri Ajmer 305817 India Department of Electrical Engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

In the present study, we have theoretically modelled a surface plasmon resonance （SPR） based sensing chip utilizing a prism made up of gallium phosphidee. It has been found in the study that a large range of refractive index starting from the gaseous medium to highly concentrated liquids can be sensed by using a single chip in the visible region of the spectrum. The variation of the sensitivity as well as detection accuracy with sensing region refractive index has been analyzed in detail. The large value of the sensitivity along with the large dynamic range is the advantageous feature of the present sensing probe.

关键词： Optical fiber sensors evanescent waves gallium phosphide surface plasmon

Modified scaled distance regression analysis approach for prediction of blast-induced ground vibration in multi-hole blasting

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第1期11卷 202-207页

作者： Hemant Agrawal A.k.mishra Department of Mining Engineering Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines)

The blast-induced ground vibration prediction using scaled distance regression analysis is one of the most popular methods employed by engineers for many decades. It uses the maximum charge per delay and distance of monitoring as the major factors for predicting the peak particle velocity(PPV). It is established that the PPV is caused by the maximum charge per delay which varies with the distance of monitoring and site geology. While conducting a production blasting, the waves induced by blasting of different holes interfere destructively with each other, which may result in higher PPV than the predicted value with scaled distance regression analysis. This phenomenon of interference/superimposition of waves is not considered while using scaled distance regression analysis. In this paper, an attempt has been made to compare the predicted values of blast-induced ground vibration using multi-hole trial blasting with single-hole blasting in an opencast coal mine under the same geological condition. Further,the modified prediction equation for the multi-hole trial blasting was obtained using single-hole regression analysis. The error between predicted and actual values of multi-hole blast-induced ground vibration was found to be reduced by 8.5%.

关键词： Peak particle velocity(PPV) Blast-induced ground vibration Scaled distance regression analysis Wave superimposition Single-hole blasting