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Comparison of the influence factors on NDVI for CCD camera and WFI imager on CBERS-02

Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 100-115页

作者： YU Tao1,3, LI Xiaoying1,2,3, ZHANG Yong1,2,3, ZHAO Feng1,2,3, GU Xingfa1,3,4, ZHU Li1,2,3, WANG Pengxin5 & MIN Xiangjun6.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing application, CAS, Bei- jing 100101, china 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, china 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. College of Information and Electrical Engineering, china Agricultural University, beijing 100083, china 6. china center for resource satellite data and application, beijing 100830, china State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing application CAS Beijing 100101 China

CCD and WFI are payloads in the visible light and near infrared bands on CBERS satellites and they have not been applied widely, especially WFI. This article mainly probes into the potential of these two sensors’ application in the vegetation monitoring and analyses the influences of radiometric calibration, atmosphere conditions and sun-observing geometry, etc. on NDVI obtained from these two sensors respectively. In addition it analyses the effect of the spectral response difference of red and near infrared spectral bands in CCD and WFI sensors on NDVI. Results indicate that radiometric calibration is the most important factor on NDVI, which cannot be applied to vegetation monitoring without radiometric calibration. Results also demonstrate that near surface NDVI is different greatly from that of TOA which change with atmosphere conditions. The study shows that NDVI is also affected by the non-lambertian character of surface and the change of the atmospheric path with the observing geometry. And NDVI of WFI is higher than that of CCD. They are very different because of their spectral difference, but they have a good linear relevant relationship.

关键词： CCD WFI NDVI LAI.

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Study on the relative radiometric correction of CBERS satellite CCD image

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 12-28页

作者： GUO Jianning, YU Jin, ZENG Yong, XU Jianyan, PAN Zhiqiang & HOU Minghui china center for resource satellite data and application,{6., china china center for resource satellite data and application

The main payload on CBERS-01/02 of china-Brazil Earth resources satellite (CBERS) is a push-broom CCD camera with moderate spatial and radiant resolution. Because at lab the data for calibration at satellite assembly stage were unable to be collected, and also because the onboard calibrator after launch was in a different state from imaging, the calibration of CCD image got a series of difficulties involved. In practice, two methods are used in the processing on the ground station: One is extracting calibration data by statistics from the image itself, and the other is the method of histogram match. It was proved that the latter can calibrate the image much better, because it can remove the effect of unstable response of the camera largely and also can overcome the nonlinearity of the camera basically by using Look-Up Table (LUT) calculated from histogram statistics of different temporal images. Considering the problems of CBERS-01, a lot of calibration tests were done before the launch of CBERS-02, in which a set of lab coefficients for relative calibration was formulated after the data collection by using integration-hemisphere in the stage of satellite assembly test. During the on-orbit test, it was found that the calibration result from such coefficients was not satisfying, especially there being response difference between 3 detector arrays, which was attributed to the unstable dark currents of the CCD camera. This paper comes up with a statistic method to remove such response difference. In this method the middle detector array was used as reference to find the response differences of adjacent similar features between these arrays and it was proved to have a broad adaptability.

关键词： CBERS satellite CCD camera relative radiometric calibration relative radiometric correction assembly test.

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The quantification of remote sensing

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 1-11页

作者： GU Xingfa1,2,3,TIAN Guoliang1,2, LI Xiaowen1,2 & GUO Jianning4 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal University, beijing 100101, china 2. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, china 3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 4. china center for resource satellite data and application, beijing 100830, china State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China

The paper firstly defined the remote sensing information quantification, analyzed the necessity of developing remote sensing quantification, figured out the application guidelines requirement, and pointed out the importance of quantification research. Then taking the remote sensing application research of CBERS-02 data quantification as the example, the paper described the whole quantification system of “remotely sensed digital signal-radiation information-field parameter inversion”. Finally the paper gave the prospect for the development trend of the quantitative remote sensing.

关键词： remote sensing information quantification CBERS-02 radiometric calibration surface parame- ter reversion.

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In flight MTF monitoring and compensation for CCD camera on CBERS-02

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 29-43页

作者： GU Xingfa1,2,3, LI Xiaoying1,2,4, MIN Xiangjun5, YU Tao1,2, SUN Jijuan5, ZENG Yong1,2,4, XU Hua1,2 & GUO Ding2,6.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal University, beijing 100101, china 2. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, china 3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china 5. china center for resource satellite data and application, beijing 100830, china 6. University of Electronic Science and Technology of china, Chengdu 6.0054, china State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration

In this article, the approach of simulating ideal tarp scene was proposed to determine the MTF for CCD camera on CBERS-02. The MTF acquired from this technique was compared to those from some common methods. MTFs achieved from different approaches were employed to compensate the CCD images based on three restoration algorithms: the iterative method, the Wiener filter and the modified inverse filter (MIF). The two-dimensional MTF was established with the value at frequency 0.5 for 45° directional MTF as the value at its four corners. This article addressed the variations of the restored CCD images with different techniques of constructing two-dimensional MTF, restoring algorithms and determining the in-flight MTFs. Results showed images restored with the MTF determined from the technique of simulating ideal tarp scene represent the real scene best. And the restoration technique based on the MIF would produce better restored images than the other two techniques. This research also demonstrated that the two-dimensional MTF used for restoration should be interpolated under the control of the MTF for 45° axis, rather than by multiplying the cross-orbit MTF with along-orbit MTF.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD MTF the technique of simulating ideal tarp scene.

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Study of thin cloud removal method for CBERS-02 image

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 91-99页

作者： MA Jianwen1, GU Xingfa1, FENG Chun2 & GUO Jianning2 1. Institute of Remote Sensing application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 2. china center for resource {6. data and applications, beijing 100073, china Institute of Remote Sensing application Chinese Academy of Sciences china center for resource satellite data and applications

The china Brazil Earth resources satellite (CBERS) ended the dependence on foreign satellites. Along with the series of CBERS and the enhancement of satellite applications, it is necessary to search correlative {6. processing methods. Because cloud appears in the atmosphere, an image with clear sky conditions is often hard to obtain. How to remove cloud is an important sector of increasing image quality. An improved homomorphism filtering method is adopted to remove thin cloud qualitatively at first, and all bands are selected to classify pixels. Based on the fact that visible band images contain more aerosol effects than infrared bands, visible bands are used to determine clear or hazy regions and the reflectances of different surface classes in clear regions are calculated. At last the mean reflectance of the same classes in clear and hazy regions is matched to remove cloud. The image visual effect is improved; meanwhile, the ground reflectance is retrieved to meet the needs of remote sensing quantification.

关键词： CBERS-02 cloud removal surface reflectance mean reflectance matching.

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Water target based cross-calibration of CBERS-02 CCD camera with MODIS data

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 61-71页

作者： TANG Junwu1,2, GU Xingfa2, NIU Shengli1, MA Chaofei1 & MIN Xiangjun3 1. National satellite Ocean application Service (NSOAS), beijing 100081, china 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, beijing 100010, china 3. china center for resource satellite data and applications (CRESDA), beijing 100083, china National satellite Ocean application Service (NSOAS) Beijing 100081 China

In order to make quantitative watercolor sensing with china-Brazil Earth resources satellite (CBERS-02) CCD camera, the MODIS data with higher accuracy is used to cross-calibrate the CCD camera over water targets. In homogeneous clear water area, two pairs of images obtained over the same area on the same day by the two sensors are selected. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiances of the multispectral bands of CCD are calculated with the water and aerosol parameters from MODIS based on a water-atmosphere radiative transfer algorithm. The stripes in CCD image that caused by unequal response of the CCD array detectors are firstly removed before making the cross-calibration. The same part of CCD detectors is selected for the calibrations in the two images to eliminate the residual error of destriping and uniformity correction for the focus plane irradiance. It is shown that the calibration results from two different images are consistent. The error of this method is about 5%.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD MODIS radiometric calibration cross-calibration. DOI: 10.136./05ze1006

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Radiometric cross-calibration of the CBERS-02 CCD camera with the TERRA MODIS

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 44-60页

作者： LI Xiaoying1,2,3, GU Xingfa1,3,4, MIN Xiangjun5, YU Tao1,3, FU Qiaoyan5, ZHANG Yong1,2,3 & LI Xiaowen1,3 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal University, beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100039, china 3. The {6. for National Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, china 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. china {6. for resource satellite data and application, beijing 100830, china State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University Beijing 100101 China

For the application of the CCD camera, the most important payload on CBERS-02, the key is to provide long-term stable radiometric calibration coefficients. Although the vicarious calibration had been proved successful, it had its limitations such as test site requirement and unsuitable for historical data. Cross-calibration is one of the alternative methods, but it needs synchro surface spectrum to achieve spectral band matching factors. Our effort is to probe the influences on these factors. Simulations with a lot of surface spectrum showed that the factors changed with the viewing geometry, atmospheric condition and surface targets. However, simulating with the same viewing geometry and atmospheric condition, the spectral band matching factors of the same or similar surface targets’ spectrum acquired from different dates and different places would like to be consistent to each other within 1%―5%. Thus, the synchro measurement data can be substituted by the same or similar target from other source. Based on this method, using the MODIS as the reference, the cross-calibration was performed for CCD camera. The research demonstrated that the traditional method with single calibration site was inappropriate for CCD camera, since the offsets for its four spectral bands were not zeros. With four calibration sites, these offsets were obtained. And the camera was detected to degrade with dates based on four times of cross-calibrations.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD camera cross-calibration the spectral band matching factors.

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Study on attribute characterization for reservoir dynamic monitoring by seismic

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 218-225页

作者： CHEN XiaoHong1,3,LI JingYe2,3 & ZHAO Wei4 1 Key Lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC,china Petroleum University,beijing 102249,china 2 Basin & Reservoir Research center,china Petroleum University,beijing 102249,china 3 State Key Laboratory of Petroleum resource and Prospecting,china University of Petroleum,beijing 102249,china 4 Research center of CNOOC,beijing 100027,china Key Lab of Geophysical Exploration of CNPC China Petroleum University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Petroleum resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum Beijing China Basin & Reservoir Research center China Petroleum University Beijing China Research center of CNOOC Beijing China

Study on characterizing reservoir parameters dynamic variations by time-lapse seismic attributes is the theoretical basis for effectively distinguishing reservoir parameters variations and conducting time-lapse seismic interpretation,and it is also a key step for time-lapse seismic application in real oil fields. Based on the rock physical model of unconsolidated sandstone,the different effects of oil saturation and effective pressure variations on seismic P-wave and S-wave velocities are calculated and analyzed. Using numerical simulation on decoupled wave equations,the responses of seismic amplitude with different offsets to reservoir oil saturation variations are analyzed,pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes differences for oil saturation and effective pressure variations of P-P wave and P-S converted wave are calculated,and time-lapse seismic AVO (Amplitude Versus Offset) response rules of P-P wave and P-S converted wave to effective pressure and oil saturation variations are compared. The theoretical modeling study shows that it is feasible to distinguish different reservoir parameters dynamic variations by pre-stack time-lapse seismic information,including pre-stack time-lapse seismic attributes and AVO information,which has great potential in improving time-lapse seismic interpreta-tion precision. It also shows that the time-lapse seismic response mechanism study on objective oil fields is especially important in establishing effective time-lapse seismic data process and interpreta-tion scheme.

关键词： time-lapse seismic dynamic monitoring rock physical model pre-stack attribute Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO)

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Ocean color products retrieval and validation around china coast with MODIS

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2010年第4期29卷 21-27页

作者： SUN Lingt GUO Maohua WANG Xiaomei Key Laboratory of Radiometric Calibration and Validation for Environmental satellites China Meteorological Administration （LRCVES/CMA） National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration Beijing 100081 China National satellite Ocean application Service State Oceanic Administration Beijing 100081 China

Waters along china coast are very turbid with high concentrations of suspended sediment nearly all the time,especially at the Hangzhou Bay,the Changjiang （Yangtze） River Estuary and the shoal along Jiangsu *** these turbid and optically complex waters,the standard MODIS ocean color products tend to have invalid *** the water-leaving radiances in the near-infrared （NIR） are significant resulting from the strong scattering of suspended particles,the standard MODIS atmospheric correction algorithm often gets no results or produces significant *** because of the complex water optical properties,the OC3 model used in the standard MODIS data processing tends to get extremely high chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） *** this paper,we present an atmospheric correction approach using MODIS short wave infrared （SWIR） bands based on the fact that water-leaving radiances are negligible in the SWIR region because of the extreme strong absorption of water even in turbid waters.A regional Chl-a concentration estimation model is also constructed for MODIS from in situ *** algorithms are applied to MODIS Aqua data processing in the china coastal *** situ data collected in the Yellow Sea and the East china Sea in spring and autumn,2003 are used to validate the *** good results have been *** is noted that water-leaving reflectance in the NIR bands are significant in waters along the china coast with high sediment *** satellite derived and in-situ reflectance spectra can match in the turbid waters along china coast,and there is relatively good linear relationship between satellite derived and in-situ *** RMSE value of Rrs（λ） is 0.0031 sr ？1 for all the nine ocean color bands （412 to 86. nm）.The satellite-derived Chl-a value is in the reasonable range and the root mean square percentage difference is 46.1%.

关键词： ocean color atmospheric correction chlorophyll-a MODIS china coastal region validation

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Chinese HJ-1A/B satellites and data characteristics

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中国科学：地球科学英文版 2010年第S1期53卷 51-57页

作者： WANG Qiao1,WU ChuanQing1,LI Qing1 & LI JunSheng2 1 satellite Environment center,Ministry of Environmental Protection,beijing 100029,china 2 center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100190,china satellite Environment center Ministry of Environmental Protection Beijing China center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

From the viewpoint of environmental remote-sensing applications,this article explains the overall technical characteristics of the Chinese HJ-1A and HJ-1B *** also investigates the spectral characteristics and potential applications of charge-coupled devices,and the infrared and hyperspectral data obtained by the *** of applications,such as the remote-sensing monitoring of algal bloom in Taihu Lake,straw burning in southern china,and aerosol optical depth in the area around Bohai sea are *** examples illustrate the application characteristics of the HJ-1A and HJ-1B {6. data.

关键词： HJ-1A/B application remote sensing characteristics

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