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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第12期47卷 1076-1084页

作者： CHEN Longxun 1 ,GAO Hui 2.,HE Jinhai 2.,TAO Shiyan 3 & JIN Zuhui 3 1.Chinese academy of Meteorological sciences,Beijing 100081,{2. 2.Nanjing institute of Meteorology,Nanjing 2.0044,{2. 3.institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 10002.,{2. 1. Chinese academy of Meteorological sciences 100081 Beijing China 2. Nanjing institute of Meteorology 210044 Nanjing China 3. Chinese academy of sciences Institute of Atmospheric Physics 100029 Beijing China

Zonal propagation of kinetic energy (KE) and convection in the South china Sea (SCS) and Indian summer monsoon areas are examined in present study. Results suggest that the SCS and Indian summer monsoon prevailed regions (5.—15.N) are dominated by the southwesterly wind, however, the disturbances of KE at 85. hPa and convection are observed mainly coming from the western Pacific Ocean (140—15.°E), after passing through the SCS, and westward propagated into the Bay of Bengal (90—100°E). In the Indian summer monsoon domain, where the disturbances of KE are found mainly coming from the Arabian Sea (AS) and eastward propagated into the Bay of Bengal. Therefore, the SCS and the Indian summer mon- soon are quite different in zonal propagation of KE and convection. The SCS summer monsoon is mainly affected by the KE and convection coming from the tropical western Pacific. The Indian summer monsoon, however, can be partly influenced by the AS and the SCS summer monsoon. The analysis also suggests that the interaction region between the SCS and the Indian summer monsoon is around 90—95.E, rather than 105.E as proposed by earlier studies.

关键词： zonal propagation of KE and convection, East Asian monsoon, Indian monsoon.

Tree　ring　analysis　for　determination　of　pollution　history　of　Chengde　City，north　china

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Journal of Environmental sciences 1996年第1期8卷 77-85页

作者： Jiang Gaoming(institute of Botany, Chinese academy of {2.,Beijing 100044,china ) Inst Botany Chinese Acad of Sci Beijing China China

Air pollution history of sulphur and heavy metals since 1800 in Chengde City , north china,was studied by analyzing the concentrations of sulphur and heavy metals in growth rings of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. Sulphur concentrations in the tree rings of 1910-192., 1970-1980,and 1980-1990 have increased 1-2., 3-5.and 10 times respectively as those in the tree ring of 1810-182. (P5.. This is ascribed to the result of urbanization, especially the appearance and aggravation of industrialization, in the city of Chengde since 195.s. Fe appeared to increase during 192.-1940, possibly due to the opening of Damiao Iron Mine by the Japanese in 192.; Mn increased throughout the whole history, from 4. 1 μg/g(1840- 185.) to 10. 4 μg/g (1980 1990,P 5.;Pb did not increase until 1980 but increased sharply during the last 10 years by 5.0%(P2.4,1.8,1.5.1.0 and 0. 8 times respectively during the past 190 years or so. The results showed that serious environmental pollution, especially air pollution of SO2.has occurred since 1949 when the People's Republic of china was founded.

关键词： tree rings Pinus tabulaeformis sulphur and heavy metals pollution history Chengde

The effects of shock wave and quasi-traveling wave in the mechanical impact test

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第9期53卷 2535-2541页

作者： WU Mei1,5.SUN ZhongFeng2.ZHANG LuMei3,CHEN Yong1 & JI LinHong4 1 institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese {2. of sciences,Beijing 100049,china 2.School of Mathematical sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,china 3 High School of Central University for Nationalities,Beijing 100081,china 4 institute of Mechanical Design,Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,china 5.{2. of Opto-electronics,Chinese {2. of sciences,Beijing 100190,china 1. institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China5. Academy of Opto-electronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China2. School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China3. High School of Central University for Nationalities Beijing 100081 China4. Institute of Mechanical Design Department of Precision Instruments and Mechanology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

It is well-known that the numerical value is always larger than the measured value,amounting to many times,if we calculate the stress of the specimen in the impulse test using the NASTRAN and ANSYS (N-A) *** believe that the impact induces shock wave or quasi-traveling wave in the specimen,which can qualitatively explain the discrepancy of the two *** order to verify it,the Lax-Friedrichs (L-F) scheme is taken to simulate the transmission of shock wave and quasi-traveling wave in *** results show that the action area of the stress wave is small and the action time is very short,so the resulting stress and actual work are not *** addition,the distribution of the impact values obtained by the numerical simulation is in accordance with the trend of the measured impact values.

关键词： aerospace environment test shock wave quasi-traveling wave

Radiometric cross-calibration of the CBERS-02.CCD camera with the TERRA MODIS

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 44-60页

作者： LI Xiaoying1,2.3, GU Xingfa1,3,4, MIN Xiangjun5. YU Tao1,3, FU Qiaoyan5. ZHANG Yong1,2.3 & LI Xiaowen1,3 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the {2. of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese academy of sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, china 2. Graduate University of Chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100039, china 3. The Center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, Beijing 100101, china 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. china Center for Resource Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 100830, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University 100101 Beijing China 2. Graduate University of Chinese academy of sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. The Center for National Spaceborne Demonstration 100101 Beijing China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Climat Sol Environnement 84914 Avignon France 5. china Center for Resource Satellite Data and Application 100830 Beijing China

For the application of the CCD camera, the most important payload on CBERS-02. the key is to provide long-term stable radiometric calibration coefficients. Although the vicarious calibration had been proved successful, it had its limitations such as test site requirement and unsuitable for historical data. Cross-calibration is one of the alternative methods, but it needs synchro surface spectrum to achieve spectral band matching factors. Our effort is to probe the influences on these factors. Simulations with a lot of surface spectrum showed that the factors changed with the viewing geometry, atmospheric condition and surface targets. However, simulating with the same viewing geometry and atmospheric condition, the spectral band matching factors of the same or similar surface targets’ spectrum acquired from different dates and different places would like to be consistent to each other within 1%―5.. Thus, the synchro measurement data can be substituted by the same or similar target from other source. Based on this method, using the MODIS as the reference, the cross-calibration was performed for CCD camera. The research demonstrated that the traditional method with single calibration site was inappropriate for CCD camera, since the offsets for its four spectral bands were not zeros. With four calibration sites, these offsets were obtained. And the camera was detected to degrade with dates based on four times of cross-calibrations.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD camera cross-calibration the spectral band matching factors.

Boron isotopic fractionation in laboratory inorganic carbonate precipitation:Evidence for the incorpora-tion of B(OH)_3 into carbonate

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第12期51卷 1776-1785页

作者： XIAO YingKai1,2. LI HuaLing1,3, LIU WeiGuo4, WANG XiuFang1 & JIANG ShaoYong5.1 Qinghai institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese {2. of sciences, Xining 810008, china 2.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, institute of Geochemistry, Chinese {2. of sciences, Guiyang 5.0002. china 3 Nanjing institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Nanjing 2.0016, china 4 State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, institute of Earth Environment, Chinese {2. of sciences, Xi’an 710075. china 5.State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, Department of Earth sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 2.0093, china 1. Qinghai institute of Salt Lakes Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining 810008 China 2. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China 3. Nanjing institute of Geology and Mineral Resources 210016 Nanjing China 4. State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi’an 710075 China 5. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

A laboratory inorganic carbonate precipitation experiment at high pH of 8.96 to 9.34 was conducted, and the boron isotopic fractionations of the precipitated carbonate were measured. The data show that boron isotopic fractionation factors (αcarb-3) between carbonate and B(OH)3 in seawater range 0.937 and 0.965. with an average value of 0.95.. Our results together with those reported by Sanyal and collabo-rators show that the αcarb-3 values between carbonate and B(OH)3 in solution are not constant but are negatively correlated with the pH of seawater. The measured boron isotopic compositions of carbonate precipitation (δ11Bcarb) do not exactly lie on the best-fit theoretical δ 11B4-pH curves and neither do they exactly parallel any theoretical δ 11B4-pH curves. Therefore, it is reasonable to argue that a changeable proportion of B(OH)3 with pH of seawater should also be incorporated into carbonate except for the dominant incorporation of B(OH)4- in carbonate . Hence, in the reconstruction of the paleo-pH of sea-water from boron isotopes in marine biogenic carbonates, the use of theoretical boron isotopic frac-tionation factor (α4-3) between B(OH)4- and B(OH)3 is not suitable. Instead, an empirical equation should be established.

关键词： boron isotopic fractionation biogenic carbonate B(OH)3 incorporation

Gas formation mechanism of marine carbonate source rocks in china

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第4期48卷 441-453页

作者： ZHAO Wenzhi1, WANG Zhaoyun1, HE Haiqing2. ZHANG Mingjie3, WANG Hongjun1, WANG Yunpeng4 & QIN Yong5.1. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Petro{2., Beijing 100083, china 2. Petro{2. Exploration & Production, Beijing 100011, china 3. Department of Geology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, china 4. Guangzhou Geochemical institute, Chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou 5.0640, china 5. china University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 2.1000, china 1. Research institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development 100083 PetroChinaBeijin China 2. Petrochina Exploration & Production 100011 Beijing China 3. Department of Geology Lanzhou University 730000 Lanzhou China 4. Guangzhou Geochemical institute Chinese Academy of Sciences 510640 Guangzhou China 5. china University of Mining and Technology 221000 Xuzhou China

By breaking through the conventional ideology on the study of gas-formation mechanism of source rocks which focused on merely the characteristics of source rocks them- selves, and based on the development and distribution characteristics of marine carbonate source rocks in the medium-to-bottom parts of the Chinese superimposed sedimentary basins as well as various processes in the course of gas generation and reservoir forming, the complex hydrocarbon-generating model of carbonates is established. Such a model concerns not only the “three-stage” gas formation characteristics of carbonates, but also the gas generation process due to a thermal cracking of oil and the re-generation process of gas from heated secondary organic matters during the gas-generation and reservoir-forming course. The high-quality hy- drocarbon generating matter of marine carbonate source rocks determined a high gas-oil ratio and tended to form paleo-oil-reservoirs, representing an enrichment process of organic matters. The thermal cracking of oil in palaeo-oil-reservoirs is an important means for the effective forma- tion of gas reservoirs. The secondary organic matters in carbonate reservoirs may regenerate gas after a secondary deep burial, thus becoming an effective gas source.

关键词： carbonate, three-stage hydrocarbon generation, inhibitive effect of maturity, oil-cracking gas, second-ary asphalt gas.

Studies of Photochemical Immobilization of Urease onto Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Film Surface

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Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition) 2002年第4期11卷 171-176页

作者： LI Sai 1,FU Hao 2. LUO Xiang Lin 2.ZHONG Yin Ping 2. chengdu institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese {2. of sciences, chengdu 610041,{5. 2.Department of polymer materials, Sichuan University, chengdu 610065.{5.

A photoactivetable 4 azidobenzoic acid was synthesized to immobilized urease onto Polyethyleneterephthalate(PET) film surface. The effects of photoactive enzyme solution concentration, temperature, PHs and time of irradiation on the relative activity of immobilized urease were investigated. The effect of reuse on the activity of immobilized urease was also studied. The chemical immobilized of urease was verified with surface elemental analysis by ESCA. The surface concentration of urease immobilized on PET surface was about 0.3 mg/cm 2. When the irradiation time was 5.minutes, the immobilized urease had the highest relative activity and the activity increased with the increase in the concentration of photoactive urease solution. The optimum pH and temperature of immobilized urease were 7 and 5.℃ respectively. The relative activity of immobilized urease was stable (5.%) after 12.times reused at 5.℃.

关键词： immobilization urease surface modification

Grain size record of microparticles in the Muztagata ice core

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第1期49卷 10-17页

作者： WU Guangjian1,2. YAO Tandong1,2. XU Baiqin1,2. LI Zheng2. TIAN Lide1,2. DUAN Keqin2.& WEN Linke2.1. Laboratory of Environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau, institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese academy of {2., Beijing 100085. china 2. Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment, Jointly Established by Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engi-neering Research institute and institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese academy of {2. and Chinese academy of Meteorological {2., china Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730000, china 1. Laboratory of Environment and Process on Tibetan Plateau Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 2. Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Jointly Established by Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute and Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences China Meteorological Administration Lanzhou 730000 China

The dust transport and sediment characteristics are discussed based onanalysis of mi-croparticle size and size distribution in the Muztagata ice core at 635. m a.s.I. Thefiner particles with diameter of 1—5.μm are the dominant fraction in number, while middle andcoarse particles mainly contribute to the total volume. The lognormal distribution characteristicscan be seen for some high concentration samples, showing that model size and standard variation aregreater than that in the Greenland ice cores. However, size-volume distribution of some lowconcentration samples is abnormal. Those distributions reflect the dust deposit process in highmountain glaciers at mid-low latitudes and show differences from those in polar ice sheet.

关键词： Muztagata, ice core, microparticle, dust, size distribution.

Study on the changes of water cycle and its impacts in the source region of the Yellow River

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2004年第z1期47卷 142-151页

作者： ZHANG Shifeng1, JIA Shaofeng1, LIU Changming1, CAO Wenbing2. HAO Fanghua3, LIU Jiuyu4 & YAN Huayun5.1. institute of Geographic {2. and Natural Resources Research, Chinese academy of {2., Beijing 100101, china 2. china University of Geo{2., Beijing 100083, china 3. Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875. china 4. Bureau of Hydrology of Yellow River Conservancy Commission, Zhengzhou 45.003, china 5. Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resource Investigation of Qinghai Province, Xining 810001, china 1. institute of Geographic sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China2. China University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China3. Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China4. Bureau of Hydrology of Yellow River Conservancy Commission 450003 Zhengzhou China5. Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resource Investigation of Qinghai Province 810001 Xining China

The water cycle in the source region of the Yellow River underwent great changes in the 1990s. The major features of the changes are as follows: the gauged runoff declined significantly while the precipitation increased slightly, and the runoff process was more concentrated on the flood season. Water balance analyses indicate that the pondage was kept in the status of negative equilibrium, causing eco-environmental problems. The runoff decrement is due to evaporation increment in this region. Studies show that the runoff process in this region is closely related to that of the other hydrological stations in the upper reaches. When the runoff declines in the source regions, the amount of water also declines in the whole upper reaches of the Yellow River, affecting the balance between water demand and supply. Meanwhile changes will take place in the water cycle of the river course system when the eco-environment deteriorates. The trend of water cycle change in the source region is that the runoff will keep declining with the increment of evaporation caused by temperature rise in the northwest of china in the 2.st century. But the hydraulic engineering in the source region will help to mitigate the deterioration of local eco-environment system, though the impacts to the lower reaches of this project may not be the case.

关键词： source region of the Yellow River, water cycle, evaporation, negative equilibrium.

Lithosphere types in North china:Evidence from geology and geophysics

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Science china Earth sciences 2005年第11期48卷 1809-1827页

作者： QIU Ruizhao1,2. DENG Jinfu3, ZHOU Su3, LI Jinfa4, XIAO Qinghui1,5. WU Zongxu6 & LIU Cui3 1. institute of Geology, Chinese {2. of Geological sciences, Beijing 100037, china 2. Development and Research Center, china Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, china 3. china University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, china 4. china University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, china 5. Information Center of Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100812. china 6. institute of Geology, State Seismological Bureau, Beijing 10002., china 1. institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. Development and Research Center China Geological Survey 100037 Beijing China 3. china University of Geosciences 100083 Beijing China 4. china University of Geosciences 430074 Wuhan China 5. Information Center of Ministry of Land and Resources 100812 Beijing China 6. institute of Geology State Seismological Bureau 100029 Beijing China

On the basis of the characteristics of geology and geophysics in North china, three types of lithosphere, namely, the cratonic, the orogenic and the rift lithospheres can be classified. In terms of petrological method (based on the information from Precambrian rock assemblages, igneous activities, deep-seated enclaves, etc.) and the relationship between seismic velocity and rock compositions, the crust-mantle petrological and chemical structure models can be set up. Researching results indicate that the geology and geophysics of North china platform bears the similar characteristics in comparison with those of the global typical cratons. The Eerduosi(Ordos) block located in the west of the North china Platform is a remnant of cratonic lithosphere after the North china platform had undergone “activation” in Mesozoic and “reconstruction” in Cenozoic times. The continental crust consists mainly of TTG rock assemblage while the subcontinental lithosphere mantle mainly consists of strongly depleted harzburgite. The craton was finally formed in late Archaean and early Proterozoic, and has been kept in stability up to present; its crustal-mantle petrological structures of lithosphere can be set up as a reference for the study of North china craton and even Sino-Korean craton. In the Mesozoic period, the middle and east areas of North china platform were activated in the Yanshanian orogenic process, the continental crust was reformed by material and heat-transfer of convective mantle and the original crustal TTG component was reconstructed to be granitic crust, and the subcontinental lithosphere man- tle was replaced by the Yanshanian harzburgite-lherzolite. The Yanshan-Taihang Mountains were the remnants of orogenic lithosphere after the rifting in eastern North china in Cenozoic. The present thickness of continental crust and lithosphere in the Yanshan-Taihang Mountains is not equal to their thickness during the Yanshanian orogenic movement because they had undergone the

关键词： lithospheric types,evidence of geology and geophysics,crust-mantle petrological structure,deep process