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Radiometric cross-calibration of the CBERS-02 CCD camera with the TERRA MODIS

Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 44-60页

作者： LI Xiaoying1,2,3. GU Xingfa1,3.4, MIN Xiangjun5. YU Tao1,3. FU Qiaoyan5. ZHANG Yong1,2,3.& LI Xiaowen1,3.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and {3. Normal University, {3. 100101, China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, {3. 10003., China 3. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, {3. 100101, China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. China center for resource satellite data and application, beijing 10083., China 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University 100101 Beijing China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration 100101 Beijing China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Climat Sol Environnement 84914 Avignon France 5. China center for resource {3. {3. and application 100830 Beijing China

For the application of the CCD camera, the most important payload on CBERS-02, the key is to provide long-term stable radiometric calibration coefficients. Although the vicarious calibration had been proved successful, it had its limitations such as test site requirement and unsuitable for historical data. Cross-calibration is one of the alternative methods, but it needs synchro surface spectrum to achieve spectral band matching factors. Our effort is to probe the influences on these factors. Simulations with a lot of surface spectrum showed that the factors changed with the viewing geometry, atmospheric condition and surface targets. However, simulating with the same viewing geometry and atmospheric condition, the spectral band matching factors of the same or similar surface targets’ spectrum acquired from different dates and different places would like to be consistent to each other within 1%―5.. Thus, the synchro measurement data can be substituted by the same or similar target from other source. Based on this method, using the MODIS as the reference, the cross-calibration was performed for CCD camera. The research demonstrated that the traditional method with single calibration site was inappropriate for CCD camera, since the offsets for its four spectral bands were not zeros. With four calibration sites, these offsets were obtained. And the camera was detected to degrade with dates based on four times of cross-calibrations.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD camera cross-calibration the spectral band matching factors.

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Water target based cross-calibration of CBERS-02 CCD camera with MODIS data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 61-71页

作者： TANG Junwu1,2, GU Xingfa2, NIU Shengli1, MA Chaofei1 & MIN Xiangjun3.1. National satellite Ocean application Service (NSOAS), beijing 100081, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, beijing 100010, China 3. China center for {5. satellite data and applications (CRESDA), beijing 100083. China 1. National satellite Ocean application Service (NSOAS) 100081 Beijing China 2. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science 100010 Beijing China 3. China center for resource satellite {3. and applications (CRESDA) 100083 Beijing China

In order to make quantitative watercolor sensing with China-Brazil Earth resources satellite (CBERS-02) CCD camera, the MODIS data with higher accuracy is used to cross-calibrate the CCD camera over water targets. In homogeneous clear water area, two pairs of images obtained over the same area on the same day by the two sensors are selected. The top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiances of the multispectral bands of CCD are calculated with the water and aerosol parameters from MODIS based on a water-atmosphere radiative transfer algorithm. The stripes in CCD image that caused by unequal response of the CCD array detectors are firstly removed before making the cross-calibration. The same part of CCD detectors is selected for the calibrations in the two images to eliminate the residual error of destriping and uniformity correction for the focus plane irradiance. It is shown that the calibration results from two different images are consistent. The error of this method is about {3..

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD MODIS radiometric calibration cross-calibration. DOI: 10.13.0/05.e1006

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The quantification of remote sensing

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 1-11页

作者： GU Xingfa1,2,3.TIAN Guoliang1,2, LI Xiaowen1,2 & GUO Jianning4 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and beijing Normal University, beijing 100101, China 2. The {3. for National Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, China 3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 4. China {3. for resource satellite data and application, beijing 10083., China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Ctr Natl Spaceborne Demonstrat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Inst Natl Rech Agron F-84914 Avignon France China Ctr resource satellite data & Applicat Beijing 100830 Peoples R China

The paper firstly defined the remote sensing information quantification, analyzed the necessity of developing remote sensing quantification, figured out the application guidelines requirement, and pointed out the importance of quantification research. Then taking the remote sensing application research of CBERS-02 data quantification as the example, the paper described the whole quantification system of “remotely sensed digital signal-radiation information-field parameter inversion”. Finally the paper gave the prospect for the development trend of the quantitative remote sensing.

关键词： remote sensing information quantification CBERS-02 radiometric calibration surface parame- ter reversion.

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Study on the relative radiometric correction of CBERS satellite CCD image

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 12-28页

作者： GUO Jianning, YU Jin, ZENG Yong, XU Jianyan, PAN Zhiqiang & HOU Minghui China center for resource satellite {3. and application,{5., China China Ctr resource satellite data & Applicat Beijing 100830 Peoples R China

The main payload on CBERS-01/02 of China-Brazil Earth resources satellite (CBERS) is a push-broom CCD camera with moderate spatial and radiant resolution. Because at lab the data for calibration at satellite assembly stage were unable to be collected, and also because the onboard calibrator after launch was in a different state from imaging, the calibration of CCD image got a series of difficulties involved. In practice, two methods are used in the processing on the ground station: One is extracting calibration data by statistics from the image itself, and the other is the method of histogram match. It was proved that the latter can calibrate the image much better, because it can remove the effect of unstable response of the camera largely and also can overcome the nonlinearity of the camera basically by using Look-Up Table (LUT) calculated from histogram statistics of different temporal images. Considering the problems of CBERS-01, a lot of calibration tests were done before the launch of CBERS-02, in which a set of lab coefficients for relative calibration was formulated after the data collection by using integration-hemisphere in the stage of satellite assembly test. During the on-orbit test, it was found that the calibration result from such coefficients was not satisfying, especially there being response difference between 3.detector arrays, which was attributed to the unstable dark currents of the CCD camera. This paper comes up with a statistic method to remove such response difference. In this method the middle detector array was used as reference to find the response differences of adjacent similar features between these arrays and it was proved to have a broad adaptability.

关键词： CBERS satellite CCD camera relative radiometric calibration relative radiometric correction assembly test.

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Comparison of the influence factors on NDVI for CCD camera and WFI imager on CBERS-02

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 100-115页

作者： YU Tao1,3. LI Xiaoying1,2,3. ZHANG Yong1,2,3. ZHAO Feng1,2,3. GU Xingfa1,3.4, ZHU Li1,2,3. WANG Pengxin5.& MIN Xiangjun6 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing application, CAS, Bei- jing 100101, China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 3. The {3. for National Spaceborne Demonstration, beijing 100101, China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, beijing 100083. China 6. China {3. for resource satellite data and application, beijing 10083., China 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Application CAS 100101 Beijing China 2. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration 100101 Beijing China 3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Climat Sol Environnent 84914 Avignon France 5. College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural University 100083 Beijing China 6. China center for resource satellite {3. and application 100830 Beijing China

CCD and WFI are payloads in the visible light and near infrared bands on CBERS satellites and they have not been applied widely, especially WFI. This article mainly probes into the potential of these two sensors’ application in the vegetation monitoring and analyses the influences of radiometric calibration, atmosphere conditions and sun-observing geometry, etc. on NDVI obtained from these two sensors respectively. In addition it analyses the effect of the spectral response difference of red and near infrared spectral bands in CCD and WFI sensors on NDVI. Results indicate that radiometric calibration is the most important factor on NDVI, which cannot be applied to vegetation monitoring without radiometric calibration. Results also demonstrate that near surface NDVI is different greatly from that of TOA which change with atmosphere conditions. The study shows that NDVI is also affected by the non-lambertian character of surface and the change of the atmospheric path with the observing geometry. And NDVI of WFI is higher than that of CCD. They are very different because of their spectral difference, but they have a good linear relevant relationship.

关键词： CCD WFI NDVI LAI.

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In flight MTF monitoring and compensation for CCD camera on CBERS-02

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 29-43页

作者： GU Xingfa1,2,3. LI Xiaoying1,2,4, MIN Xiangjun5. YU Tao1,2, SUN Jijuan5. ZENG Yong1,2,4, XU Hua1,2 & GUO Ding2,6 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and {3. Normal University, {3. 100101, China 2. The {3. for National Spaceborne Demonstration, {3. 100101, China 3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, {3. 10003., China 5. China {3. for resource satellite data and application, beijing 10083., China 6. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 61005., China State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University 100101 Beijing China The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration 100101 Beijing China Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Climat Sol Environnement 84914 Avignon France Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China China center for resource satellite {3. and application 100830 Beijing China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China 610054 Chengdu China

In this article, the approach of simulating ideal tarp scene was proposed to determine the MTF for CCD camera on CBERS-02. The MTF acquired from this technique was compared to those from some common methods. MTFs achieved from different approaches were employed to compensate the CCD images based on three restoration algorithms: the iterative method, the Wiener filter and the modified inverse filter (MIF). The two-dimensional MTF was established with the value at frequency 0.5.for 45. directional MTF as the value at its four corners. This article addressed the variations of the restored CCD images with different techniques of constructing two-dimensional MTF, restoring algorithms and determining the in-flight MTFs. Results showed images restored with the MTF determined from the technique of simulating ideal tarp scene represent the real scene best. And the restoration technique based on the MIF would produce better restored images than the other two techniques. This research also demonstrated that the two-dimensional MTF used for restoration should be interpolated under the control of the MTF for 45. axis, rather than by multiplying the cross-orbit MTF with along-orbit MTF.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD MTF the technique of simulating ideal tarp scene.

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Study of thin cloud removal method for CBERS-02 image

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 91-99页

作者： MA Jianwen1, GU Xingfa1, FENG Chun2 & GUO Jianning2 1. Institute of Remote Sensing application, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, China 2. China center for {3. satellite {5. and applications, beijing 100073. China 1. Institute of Remote Sensing application Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. China center for resource satellite {3. and applications 100073 Beijing China

The China Brazil Earth resources satellite (CBERS) ended the dependence on foreign satellites. Along with the series of CBERS and the enhancement of satellite applications, it is necessary to search correlative {5. processing methods. Because cloud appears in the atmosphere, an image with clear sky conditions is often hard to obtain. How to remove cloud is an important sector of increasing image quality. An improved homomorphism filtering method is adopted to remove thin cloud qualitatively at first, and all bands are selected to classify pixels. Based on the fact that visible band images contain more aerosol effects than infrared bands, visible bands are used to determine clear or hazy regions and the reflectances of different surface classes in clear regions are calculated. At last the mean reflectance of the same classes in clear and hazy regions is matched to remove cloud. The image visual effect is improved; meanwhile, the ground reflectance is retrieved to meet the needs of remote sensing quantification.

关键词： CBERS-02 cloud removal surface reflectance mean reflectance matching.

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Estimation of forest volumes by integrating Landsat TM imagery and forest inventory data

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第z1期49卷 54-62页

作者： GU Huiyan, DAI Limin, WU Gang, XU Dong, WANG Shunzhong &WANG Hui Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 15.040, China State Key Lab of Systems Ecology, Research center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100085. China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10003., China 1. Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China 2. School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 China 3. State Key Lab of Systems Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 4. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Accurate information about forest volumes is essential for forest management planning. The survey interval of the Forest resource Inventory of China (FRIC) is too long to meet the demand for timely decision-making required for forest protection, management, and utilization. Analysis of satellite imagery provides good potential for more frequent reporting of forest parameters. In this study, we describe an application of the k-nearest neighbors (kNN) method to Landsat TM imagery for improving estimation of forest volumes. Several spectral features were tested and compared in forest volume estimations, including normalized difference vegetation index, environmental vegetation index, and the combination of the spectral features. The combined index resulted in the most accurate volume estimations. The kNN estimator and the combined index were then used in forest volume estimation. The estimation error (RMSE) of the total volume was44.2%, much lower than those for Larix forest (the RMSE was {3..7%) and those for the Korean pine and broadleaved forests (the estimation errors were over 71.7% and 88.19%,respectively). This preliminary study demonstrates the potential of forest volume estimations with remote sensing {3. to provide useful information for forest management if only limited ground information is available.

关键词： forest inventory, landsat TM, k-nearest neighbors, spectral extraction.

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Bi-directional normalized difference vegetation index: concept and application

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2002年第2期 37-41页

作者： LI Xiaowen , GAO Feng , WANG Jindi , YANG Hua, A. STRAHLER and C. SCHAAF( Research center for Remote Sensing and Department of Geography, beijing Normal University, beijing 10087{3. China Department of Geography and center for Remote Sensing, Boston University, Boston MA0221{3. USA) Research center for Remote Sensing and Department of Geography，beijing Normal University，beijing 10087{3.China Department of Geography and center for Remote Sensing，Boston University，Boston MA02215.USA Department of Geography and center for Remote Sensing，Boston University，Boston MA02215.USA Research center for Remote Sensing and Department of Geography，beijing Normal University，beijing 10087{3.China

The data products of land surface bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) from the space-borne Polarization and Directionality of the Earth Reflectance (POLDER) of France and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) of USA are available recently, but the atmospheric correction for meeting the requirement of quantitative remote sensing is still a very difficult problem. This paper presents a concept: bi-directional normalized difference vegetation index (Bi-NDVI), in order to consider simultaneously the effects of both land surface BRDF and atmospheric path scattering. An atmospheric quality index is thus defined for satellite multi-angular observations. The quality of MODIS/BRDF data products can be improved notably through iterative inversion weighed by this index.

关键词： bi-directional reflectance normalized difference vegetation index atmospheric correction.

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航空遥感平台通用物理模型及可变基高比系统精度评价

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测绘学报 2018年第6期47卷 748-759页

作者：晏磊李英成赵世湖袁修孝宋妍钟裕标薛庆生北京大学遥感与地理信息系统研究所北京市空间信息集成与3S应用北京市重点实验室北京100871 中国测绘科学研究院北京100039 中测新图(北京)遥感技术有限责任公司北京100039 国家测绘地理信息局卫星测绘应用中心北京101300 武汉大学遥感信息工程学院湖北武汉430079 中国地质大学(武汉)信息工程学院湖北武汉430074 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所吉林长春130033

精度是高分辨率遥感和摄影测量的关键。影响精度的因素分为:成像系统误差和数据处理误差。航空平台系统误差较为复杂,因此本文聚焦航空成像系统设计方法,以降低航空成像系统误差为目标,从源头上为数据处理精度提供保障。目前航空数字成... 详细信息

精度是高分辨率遥感和摄影测量的关键。影响精度的因素分为:成像系统误差和数据处理误差。航空平台系统误差较为复杂,因此本文聚焦航空成像系统设计方法,以降低航空成像系统误差为目标,从源头上为数据处理精度提供保障。目前航空数字成像系统种类繁多,但缺乏统一物理模型,使得航空相机系统采用人工拼接为多刚体(多相机),结构复杂、体积大、成本高、精度难以刻画,容易受到震动和温度等因素影响,成像系统装机实用精度只能达到毫米量级。为此,本文构建航空遥感平台通用物理模型,由此归纳出现有航摄相机的四类对偶技术特征:一次-二次成像、外拼接-内拼接、单基线-多基线、非严格-严格中心投影;以此建立可变基高比时空模型,从而实现数字航摄相机内部光学机械参数与地表高程精度的表达,实现地表高程精度-光机参数贯通;进一步设计二次成像数字航摄相机原型系统及宽波段临边成像光谱仪,为目前多刚体拼接的一次成像航摄相机构建向精密光机单刚体、折反式同光路构建提供原型依据,为数字航摄系统构建和工业化奠定理论基础和原型实例参考。

关键词：系统精度数字航摄相机通用物理模型可变基高比时空模型单刚体 n次折反式同光路系统

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