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知识类别和特点对内隐序列学习的影响

心理学报 2004年第5期36卷 525-533页

作者：付秋芳刘永芳傅小兰中国科学院心理研究所华东师范大学心理学系上海200062

用序列学习中的反应时和错误个数间接测量被试的内隐知识 ,用再认成绩和预测成绩直接测量被试的外显知识 ,通过倒转不同的规则探讨了知识类别和特点对内隐序列学习的影响。结果表明 :(1)内隐学习和外显学习可能分别依赖于两个独立的学... 详细信息

用序列学习中的反应时和错误个数间接测量被试的内隐知识 ,用再认成绩和预测成绩直接测量被试的外显知识 ,通过倒转不同的规则探讨了知识类别和特点对内隐序列学习的影响。结果表明 :(1)内隐学习和外显学习可能分别依赖于两个独立的学习系统 ,且互不干扰 ;(2 )当内隐序列学习既包含运动知识又包含概念知识时 ,知识类别和特点影响被试对序列知识的获得 ,被试较易获得运动知识 ;(3)在内隐序列学习中练习的数量也影响被试对序列知识的获得 ,序列学习是一个动态的过程。

关键词：内隐学习序列学习概念知识运动知识练习效应

Action of New Rare Earth Additions in Cemented Carbide

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1993年第3期9卷 177-184页

作者： Chenguang LIN General Research institute for Non-ferrous Metals,beijing,100088,china

The existence form and distribution of new rare earth additions in WC-Co,*** carbide and its actions of purification,modificaiton,solid solution strengthening and restraining phase transformation have been *** results... 详细信息

关键词： cemented carbide rare earth action

A STUDY ON FLUVIAL DYNAMIC GEOMORPHOLOGY AND ITS EXPERIMENT AND SIMULATION

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Journal of Geographical sciences 1995年第3期5卷 55-68页

作者： Jin Desheng(institute of Geogrphy, CAS, beijing 100101)People’s Rrpublic of china

Fluvial dynamic landform is produced by reaction between fluvial bchaviour and suffoce matenal. It possesses apparent environmental effects. As a branch of gcomorphology, the fiuvial dynandc gcomorphology is a marginal science among fiuid dynalnics, sediment mechaltics and fluvial goomorphology. With physical modelling by sindlarity based on Newtonian mechanics, and pnnciple of the same effect bot diffend struCture based on systelnahc theory, it is possible to study propenies, formation and processes in fluvial dynamic gcomorphology. A new research method, which is a combination of mathematical simulation by computer with physical modelling will be deveoped.

关键词： fiuvial dynamic geomorphology experiment simulation

A measure for spatial heterogeneity of vegetation in the Center of Inner Mongolia

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第3期18卷 289-295页

作者： Baimin Songa,b, Daming Huangc,d, Renqing Wanga, Shiyomi Masae d, Fei Xua, Wei Wanga, Gaosheng Zhanga, Xianqiang Zhanga, Jian Qiaoe a College of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, china b Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china c institute of Ecology, Department of Biological sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china d Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Bunkyo 2-1-1, Mito 310-8512, Japan e Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china College of Life Science Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China institute of Ecology Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Faculty of Science Ibaraki University Bunkyo 2-1-1 Mito 310-8512 Japan Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This study surveyed and analyzed the vegetation heterogeneity in the Center of Inner Mongolia (CIM) by a new method based on the beta-binomial distribution for each kind of vegetation. As many as 190 large quadrats of 5 mm 5 mm (representing an area of 50 km 50 km) (referred to as L-quadrats hereafter) were extracted from about an area of 475,000 km2. Each L-quadrat was divided into four small quadrats (S-quadrat) of 2.5 mm 2.5 mm (equivalent to 25 km 25 km) and the frequency of occurrence of each type of vegetation was recorded in each small quadrate. The weighted average heterogeneity from all of the vegetations composing a land- scape provides a measure at landscape level to determine the spatial intricateness of landscape composition. Our results indicated that each vegetation has its own distribution pattern and the degree of heterogeneity is different from one kind of vegetation to the other. The results proved that the beta-binomial distribution can be very useful for analyzing vegetation landscapes.

关键词： Heterogeneity Beta-binomial distribution Frequency Occurrence Inner Mongolia

Dynamical framework with blocking topography coordinates for atmospheric GCM and its validation

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chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第S2期48卷 9-17页

作者： LIN Zhaohui~1, ZHANG Ming~(1,2), LIANG Danqing~(1,2) WANG Aihui~1, ZHANG Dongling~1 & ZENG Qingcun~1 1. ICCES, institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese Academy of sciences. beijing 100029. china 2. College of Meteorology. PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 211101. china chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys ICCES Beijing 100029 Peoples R China PLA Univ Sci & Technol Coll Meteor PLA Nanjing 211101 Peoples R China

The dynamical framework with Blocking To-pography Coordinates (hereafter, BTC), which is suited tohandle the steep topography for the atmospheric generalcirculation models, is presented in this paper, together withits validation results. The integral properties of both the dif-ferential and finite-difference equations for the BTC dy-namical core are: gross mass conservation, quadratic con-servation for advection terms, Coriolis force does not changethe kinetic energy, conservation of total available energy. Theimproved nonlinear iteration scheme is utilized for thetime-integration. The energy conservation for BTC dynami-cal core is validated by using the integration results from9-layer and 21-layer version respectively. Comparison resultsshow that, the changes of the kinetic energy and total avail-able potential energy during the integration are quite closefor both the BTC dynamical framework and the dynamicalframework of IAP 9-level and IAP 21-level AGCM, and thismay suggest that the BTC dynamical core can be used forlong-term integration with good computational ***, the BTC dynamical core has the advantageover the terrain following (sigma) coordinates in its betterrepresentation of the influence of the large-scale topographyon the atmospheric general circulation. Finally, the correct-ness and reasonableness of the BTC dynamical core has beenfurther proved by the numerical simulation of the topogra-phy influence on the quasi-stationary planetary wave with21-layer version of BTC dynamical framework.

关键词： blocking topography coordinates atmospheric general circulation model dynamical framework.

A FRAMEWORK OF FUZZY LANDSCAOE THEORY WITH AN APPLICATION TO ALLIANCE ANALYSIS

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2003年第1期16卷 1-12页

作者： S. Suganuma V. N. Huynh Y. Nakamori S. Y.Wang Academy of Mathematics and Systems sciences chinese Academy of sciences beijing 100080 china) K. K. Lai Japan Advanced institute of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science University of Quinhon 170 - An Duong VuongJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 1-1 Asahidai TatsunokuchiDepartment of Management Sciences City University of Hong Kong 1 - 1 Asahidai Tatsunokuchi Ishikawa 923-1292 Japan Academy of Mathematics and Systems sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080 ChinaQuinhon VietnamIshikawa 923-1292JapanKowloon Hong Kong

In this paper, we provide a framework of fuzzy landscape theory and discuss an application to alliance analysis. The fuzzy landscape theory may allow us to analyses a variety of aggregation processes in political, economic, and social problems in a more flexible manner. The simulation results for the problems of the international alignment of the Second World War in Europe and the coalition formation in standard-setting alliances in the case of the UNIX operating system are compared with those given by the original theory.

关键词： Fuzzy landscape theory alliance partition genetic algorithm.

Tissue-specific expression of GFP reporter gene in germline driven by GATA-2 promoter and enhancers in zebrafish

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chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第1期45卷 31-34,97页

作者： MENG Anming & LIN Shuo1. Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Biological sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, beijing 100084, china 2. institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA Laboratory of Developmental Biology Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing China institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics Medical College of Georgia Augusta USA

GATA-2, a transcription factor, is expressed in several types of blood cells and in the central nervous system (CNS), and regulates the differentiation of these cells. We have obtained five zebrafish transgenic germlines that carry and express the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene ligated to various 5’ flanking sepuences of zebrafish GATA-2 gene. The spatial pattern of GFP expression varies, mainly depending on which regulatory sequence is used, among the germlines. In some of the germlines, the expression of GFP is restricted to the CNS and the enveloping layer (EVL) cells, while in some other lines GFP is observed only in the CNS. it is noted that the intensity of GFP in the transgenic fish remain unchanged after a six-generation passage of the transgenes. The transgenic fish could find its uses in the future in generating tissue-specific, even cellspecific mutant fish and in functional study of related genes through transgenesis.

关键词： zebrafish transgenic GATA-2 GFP germline.

Further study on the solar activity variation of daytime NmF2

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Further study on the solar activity variation of daytime NmF...

Syntheses, properties and structures of copper and nickel complexes of 6,7-dihydro-5H-1,4-dithiepin-2,3-dithiolate

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所第十届(2010年度)学术年会

作者： Yiding Chen and Libo Liu 1 beijing National Observatory of Space Environment,institute of Geology and Geophysics,chinese Academy of sciences,beijing,china.

[1]The ionosonde observations in the East Asia-Australia sector are collected to further investigate the solar activity variation of daytime(0800～1600 LT) *** linear increase rate of NF with F at lower solar activity levels is remarkably dependent on latitude,season,and local *** rate is largest in equinoxes(with an equinoctial asymmetry) and higher in the morning(afternoon) in local winter(summer) at geomagnetic midlatitudes;particularly,the maximum rates in local winter are obviously larger than those in local summer at northern *** the equatorial ionization anomaly(EIA) crest regions,the rates in equinoxes and December(June) solstice are remarkably higher than those in June(December) solstice at the northern(southern) EIA crest,and the rate grows from the morning sector to the afternoon *** variation trend of NF with F also shows latitudinal,seasonal,and local time dependences. The saturation effect dominates in all seasons in the EIA regions;at midlatitudes,NF nearly increases linearly with F in local winter so that a linear fit is a good approximation for NF modeling,while the saturation effect still dominates in other *** saturation effect is more significant in the afternoon,and the strongest saturation effect appears at the EIA crest latitudes in equinox *** indicate that the variations of neutral atmosphere and hF are responsible for the seasonal and local time dependences of the linear increase rate of NF with F at midlatitudes,and the seasonal variation of neutral atmosphere is the primary reason for the seasonal dependence of the variation trend of NF with F,while dynamics processes are the more important factors controlling the linear increase rate and the variation trend of NF with F at low ***,dynamics processes are important for the saturation effect,and the fountain effect is related to the strongest saturation effect appearing at the EIA crests.

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chinese Journal of Chemistry 1994年第3期12卷 248-257页

作者： YAO, Tian-Ming YOU, Xiao-ZengCoordination Chemistry institute, State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University,Nanjing 210008, chinaYANG, Qing-ChuanChemistry Department, beijing University, beijing 100871, china 1Coordination Chemistry institute State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China2Chemistry Department Beijing University Beijing 100871 China

The reaction of CuCl2-2H2O or NiCl2.6H2O with K2(C5H6S4) [potassium salt of 6,7-dihydro-5H-1,4-dithiepin-2,3-dithiolate] under nitrogen atmosphere resulted in the isolation of [Cu(C5H6S4)2]- or [Ni(C5H6S4)2]- as the tetrabutylammonium salt. Both complexes show characteristic IR and UV-Vis absorptions of transition metal dithiolenes. Cyclic voltammograms contain two waves indicating a two step electrochemical procedure [M(C5H6S4)2]0 = [M(C5H6S4)2]1-= [M(C5H6S4)2]2-. Single crystal structure study has been carried out on the nickel complex. Crystal of [Bu4N][Ni(C5H6S4)2] belongs to monoclinic space group P21/c with a=17.576(5), 6=10.883(2), c=17.773(4) A,B=91.07(2)0, Z=4, and o(calcd.)=1.348 g/cm3. Final result is R=0.059 for 2959 reflections. The NiS4 core exhibits square planar coordination with average Ni-S bond length of 2.134(5) A. There are not anion pairs in crystal. The anions stack along a and c axes while the cations intercalate in them. The nearest S-S contact is 4.429 A. The solid powder ESR spectrum of the nickel complex shows three broadening signals at g1=2.097, g2=2.042, g3=2.022. Magnetic susceptibility data for [Bu4N][Ni(CgH6S4)2] reveal enhanced anti-ferromagnetic interaction.

关键词： Dithiolene complex copper nickel single crystal.