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丹麦的社会教育:服务于0-100岁的专业课程体系

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外国教育研究 2010年第10期37卷 45-49页

作者：程妍涛常州工学院师范学院江苏常州213022

1992年以来,丹麦的社会教育成为丹麦高等教育中最受欢迎的专业选择。该专业主要培养在幼儿园、儿童业余班、青年俱乐部、残疾人服务中心等各种社会服务机构工作的教养员,其服务对象包括了0-100岁所有年龄层次的相关人群。该专业课程体... 详细信息

1992年以来,丹麦的社会教育成为丹麦高等教育中最受欢迎的专业选择。该专业主要培养在幼儿园、儿童业余班、青年俱乐部、残疾人服务中心等各种社会服务机构工作的教养员,其服务对象包括了0-100岁所有年龄层次的相关人群。该专业课程体系内容丰富,为学生提供拥有成为教养员所必需的知识、见识和能力的机会。学校提供的足够的设施设备、教师们对课程的不断整合、对实习的重视和有效的指导、灵活的考核方式等有效措施使该专业课程得以顺利实施。该专业课程广博的内容、学生本位的教学组织形式以及高比例的实习量等方面对我国学前教育或其他相关领域的专业课程设置具有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词：丹麦社会教育课程教养员

Study on the stability and 3-dimensional character for natural convection in a rectangular cavity heated from below

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2010年第6期53卷 1647-1654页

作者： ZHAN NaiYan1,2,XU PeiWei1,SUN ShiMei,YANG Mo2 & LIU Jun3 1 Scool of Municipal and Environmental engineering,Jilin institute of Architectural and Civil engineering,Changchun 130021,china 2 college of Power engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and technology,Shanghiai 200093,china 3 college of Power engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130000,china 1. Scool of Municipal and Environmental engineering Jilin Institute of Architectural and Civil Engineering Changchun 130021 China2. College of Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghiai 200093 China3. College of Power Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130000 China

Natural convection of air is numerically simulated in a 3-dimensional rectangular cavity heated from below using SIMPLE algorithm with a QUICK *** results suggest that when all lateral walls are adiabatic,the fluid rolls occur along the long *** the Rayleigh number is smaller,the flow is of 2-dimensional character,and the rolls shapes are *** average Nusselt numbers in the central part of the cavity are *** average Nusselt numbers in the part near by the cavity are *** to the comparison of 3-dimensional results with 2-dimensional results,the flow patterns and heat transfer in the central part of the cavity can be assumed as a 2-dimensional flow,While those in the part near by the cavity can *** increasing Rayleigh number,the flow is 3-dimensional *** 3-dimensional result accords with the experimental *** all lateral walls are adiabatic,the ten rolls occur along the long *** when lateral walls are heated or cooled,the rolls disappear along the long axis and two rolls occur along the short *** rotation direction of the rolls is *** Rayleigh number is over some critical value,flow and heat transfer will be asymmetry,indicating unsteady oscillation *** nonlinear analyses,it is shown that with increasing Rayleigh number,flow and heat transfer will change from steady state to unsteady state through HOPF bifurcation,and transition to chaos will occur through multi-periodical oscillation.

关键词： Critical Raleigh number 3-dimensional character lateral boundaries nonlinear characteristic bifurcation

The correlation of activity coefficients for the electrolyte-nonelectrolyte mixed solution——the thermodynamics of the liquid solid phase equilibria in （NH2）2CO-NaCl-NH4Cl-H2O system

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 1986年第4期4卷 283-293页

作者： Lü Bing-Ling college of Chemical engineering, Dalian institute of technology, Dalian college of Chemical engineering Dalian Institute of Technology Dalian

Based on the various thermodynamic models for concentrated electrolyte and nonelec-trolyte solutions, the correlation equations of activity coefficeints and methods of solubility predictionfor ternary and quarternary systems have been developed. Ouly a few of experimental data are neededto calculate the interaction parameters. This method can be used to calculate the solubilities of thecomponents for a given concentration of the unsaturated ones, the predicted solubilities agree withexperimental data quite well.

关键词： The correlation of activity coefficients for the electrolyte-nonelectrolyte mixed solution the thermodynamics of the liquid solid phase equilibria in NH2 CO

Fluorescence dynamics of interactions between polyamide PyPyPyβDp and DNA

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Science china Chemistry 2006年第1期49卷 75-80页

作者： ZHANG Huijuan1,2, WANG Jin3, WU Yishi1, YUAN Gu3, AI Xicheng1, WANG Li4 & ZHANG Jianping1 1. State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, china 2. School of Life Science and technology, Beijing institute of technology, Beijing 100081, china 3. college of Chemistry and Molecular engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100080, china 4. Center for Condensed Matter Physics, institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, china Correspondence should be addressed to Ai Xicheng and Zhang Jianping 1. State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China 2. School of Life Science and technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081 China 3. college of Chemistry and Molecular engineering Peking University Beijing 100080 China 4. Center for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

The photophysical properties of the polyamide PyPyPyβDp (PPP) were investigated by means of steady-state absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, as well as time-resolved fluo-rescence spectroscopy. It was found that the excited-state properties of PPP are very sensitive to solvents. In TKMC buffer PPP exhibited weak fluorescence with a decay time constant of 16 ps, while with the decrease of the solvent polarity PPP showed the blue-shifted peak position, increased inten-sity and lengthened life-time for its fluorescence behavior. In the presence of calf thymus DNA, it was observed that the fluorescence intensity was enhanced and the fluorescence lifetime increased from 16 to 32 ps for PPP, which verified that PPP bound into the minor groove of DNA duplex.

关键词： polyamide (PPP), calf thymus DNA (ctDNA), time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, recognition dynamics.

Friction behavior of coupling motion for natural articular cartilage by reciprocating rotation

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第4期54卷 576-583页

作者： QIAN ShanHua1,2,3 & GE ShiRong1,3 1 college of Mechano-electronic engineering, china University of Mining & technology, Xuzhou 221116, china 2 institute of Tribology and Reliability engineering, china University of Mining & technology, Xuzhou 221116, china 3 Biotribology Center, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Xuzhou 221116, china college of Mechano-electronic engineering China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China institute of Tribology and Reliability engineering China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China Biotribology Center State Key Laboratory of Tribology Xuzhou 221116 China

Based on the irregular surface of natural cartilage configurations, the tribological characteristics of coupling motion between natural cartilage pairs were investigated by the variation of rotated offset and velocity. Contact displacement, contact load, friction force and coefficient of friction from natural cartilage pairs were measured by a UMT-2 testing machine. In order to obtain the steady part and wavy part, the contact load and contact displacement were decompounded by the five-point sliding average method. These results showed that the contact load was composed of steady load and wavy load. And the contact displacement was composed of cartilage deformation and surface outline. The steady load was similar to exterior load while natural cartilage deformation increased nonlinearly with the sliding time. Wavy load had the correlative coefficient 0.235 with surface outline due to the irregular surface of friction configurations. The coefficient of friction from cartilage friction configurations was less influenced by smaller magnitude in rotated parameters. A few strange summits were obtained in the area of coef-ficient of friction, and significantly related with local minimal values corresponding to the contact loads. The rotated offsets had clear impact on contact load and a slight impact on contact displacement. Larger offset produced higher wavy magnitude of the contact load. The rotated velocities played an evident role in cartilage deformation, but had a less influence on contact load. Lower velocity brought larger cartilage deformation.

关键词：软骨构造关节软骨摩擦系数软骨变形接触装

Relations between thickness of UHMWPE’s wear debris and positive pressure of tribological system

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第9期53卷 1435-1443页

作者： LIU HongTao1,2,3 & GE ShiRong1,3 1 institute of Tribology and Reliability engineering, china University of Mining & technology, Xuzhou 221116, china 2 college of Mechanical and Electrical engineering, china University of Mining & technology, Xuzhou 221116, china 3 Biotribology Center, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Xuzhou 221116, china institute of Tribology and Reliability engineering China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China college of Mechanical and Electrical engineering China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China Biotribology Center State Key Laboratory of Tribology Xuzhou 221116 China

MiaoXAM2.5X-50X Ultrahigh Precision Surface 3D Profiler is introduced to research the relations be- tween thickness of UHMWPE’s wear debris and positive pressure of tribological system. Research re- sults show that thickness of wear debris owns evident classification, and the first grade thickness math model and the second grade thickness math model are built. By the second grade thickness math model, the true force condition in the tribological system can be gotten, and the model can be used as a tool to modify simulating parameters of the tribological system, and it is an important inspecting method to the airtight system which cannot be examined in real time. The first grade thickness math model can describe the true working load and surface condition of work piece in the tribological sys- tem, and is an effective description method for the running condition of frictional pairs. The research results at different lubricating conditions testify the relations between thicknesses of wear debris and positive pressure of the tribological system. The fractal relation between maximal thickness of wear debris and positive pressure is discussed. The conceptions of the immutability principle and charac- teristic granularity of wear debris thickness are brought forward and discussed. In conclusion, as a stable tribological parameter owning mechanical theory basis, wear debris thickness will play an im- portant part in fault diagnosis, especially for the airtight system such as artificial joint.

关键词：摩擦学磨损面厚度分形数学模型

Effects of tanshinone on neuropathological changes induced by amyloid β-peptide(1-40)injection in rat hippocampus

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第7期25卷 15-22页

作者： Long-xuan LI2, Jia-pei DAI3, Li-qiang RU4, Guang-fu YIN4, Bin ZHAO Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical college, Zhanjiang 524001, china 3The Netherlands institute for Brain Research, Amsterdam 1105AZ, the Netherlands 4Department of Neurobiology, TongjiMedical college of Huazhong Universityof Science and technology, Wuhan 430030, china Department of Neurology Affiliated Hospital Guangdong Medical College Zhanjiang 524001 China. Longxuanlee30@ hotmail.co

AIM: To investigate the effect of tanshinone (Tan) on the neuropathological changes induced by amyloid β- peptide1-40(Aβ1-40) injection in hippocampus in rats. METHODS: Aβ1-4010 μg was injected bilaterally into the dorsal blade of the dentate gyrus in the hippocampus. The level of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in hippocampus was evaluated by histochemistry. The expressions of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and inducible form of NOS (iNOS) were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Aβ1-40-injected rats were treated ig with Tan, the major active ingredient from Salvia miltiorrhiza of Chinese herb extract. RESULTS: The level of AChE positive fibers of each subfield in Aβ1-40-injected hippocampus decreased significantly compared with those of control (P40 injection in hippocampus.

关键词： tanshinone amyloid beta-protein acetylcholinesterase nitric oxide synthase hippocampus

Two-photon spectroscopic behaviors and photodynamic effect on the BEL-7402 cancer cells of the new chlorophyll photosensitizer

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Science china Chemistry 2008年第6期51卷 529-538页

作者： ZHAO PeiDe1,2,CHEN Ping1,TANG GuoQing1,LIU JinWei2,LIN Lie1,GUO Peng1,YU Qing2, YAO JianZhong3,MA DongMing4,ZHANG GuiLan1 & CHEN WenJu1 1 Key Laboratory of optoelectronic Information Science and technology,Ministry of Education,institute of Modern Optics,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,china 2 Department of Physics,Hebei University of technology,Tianjin 300130,china 3 college of Pharmacy,Second Military Medical University,Shanghai 200433,china 4 Tianjin college of the Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 300193,china 1. Key Laboratory of optoelectronic Information Science and technology Ministry of Education Institute of Modern Optics Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China 2. Department of Physics Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 China 3. college of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China 4. Tianjin college of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin 300193 China

The spectroscopic properties of a new chlorophyll derivate photosensitizer (CDP) are studied under the excitation wavelengths at 800 and 400 nm using femtosecond pulses from a Ti: sapphire laser. The damaging effect of CDP on the BEL-7402 cancer cells is also investigated upon two-photon illumination at 800 nm. The normalized fluorescence spectra of CDP in tetrahydrofuran (THF) show that two-photon and one-photon spectra have the same distributions and the same emission bands (675 nm). The lifetimes of two- and one-photon induced fluorescence of this molecule are of the order of 5.0 ns. By comparing the data it is shown that there is some difference between the two lifetimes, but the difference is less than one nanosecond. The two-photon absorption cross section of the molecule is also measured at 800 nm and estimated as about σ'_2 ≈ 31.5x10^(-50)cm^4·s·photon^(-1). The results of two-photon photodynamic therapy (TPPDT) tests show that CDP can kill all of the tested cancer cells according to the usual Eosine assessment. Our results indicate that the two-photon-induced photophysical, photochemical and photosensitizing processes of CDP may be basically similar to those of one-photon excitation. These behaviors of the sample suggest that one may find other possible methods to estimate some photosensitizers' effects in details such as their distribution in cells and the reactive targets of the sub-cellular parts of some tumor cells via two-photon excitation techniques.

关键词： photosensitizer chlorophyll derivate two-photon fluorescence two-photon absorption cross-section TPPDT BEL-7402 cell

Synthesis of a novel ternary HA/Fe-Mn oxides-loaded biochar composite and its application in cadmium(Ⅱ) and arsenic(Ⅴ) adsorption

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环境科学学报：英文版 2019年第11期31卷 168-176页

作者： Jianhua Guo changzhou Yan Zhuanxi Luo Hongda Fang Shugang Hu Yinglan Cao Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China college of Food and Biological engineering Jimei University Xiamen 361021 China college of Chemical and Environmental engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266590 China

Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) are two of the most toxic ***,the chemical behaviors of these two elements are different,making it challenging to utilize a single adsorbent with high adsorption capacity for both Cd(Ⅱ) and As(Ⅴ) *** solve this problem,we synthesized HA/Fe-Mn oxides-loaded biochar (HFMB),a novel ternary material,to perform this task,wherein scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with EDS (SEM-EDS) was used to characterize its morphological and physicochemical *** maximum adsorption capacity of HFMB was 67.11 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and 35.59 mg/g for As(Ⅴ),which is much higher compared to pristine biochar (11.06 mg/g,0 mg/g for Cd(Ⅱ) and As(Ⅴ),respectively).The adsorption characteristics were investigated by adsorption kinetics and the effects of the ionic strength and pH of solutions.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that chelation and deposition were the adsorption mechanisms that bound Cd(Ⅱ) to HFMB,while ligand exchange was the adsorption mechanism that bound As(Ⅴ).

关键词： Humic acid Fe-Mn oxides Biochar Adsorption Cd(Ⅱ) As(Ⅴ)