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Cesium accumulation by bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG7:hints for biomineralization of cesium-bearing geyserite in hot springs in Tibet,china

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chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第19期52卷 2680-2686页

作者： WANG HaiLei1,2,3, ZHENG MianPing1,2,3 & HUANG XiaoXing4 1 institute of Mineral resources, chinese academy of Geological sciences (CAGS), beijing 100037, china 2 R&D Center for Saline Lake and Epithermal Deposits, CAGS, beijing 100037, china 3 Open laboratory of Saline Lake Resourses and Environment, CAGS, beijing 100037, china 4 laboratory of microbial resources, institute of microbiology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100081, china institute of Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (CAGS) Beijing China R&D Center for Saline Lake and Epithermal Deposits CAGS Beijing China Open laboratory of Saline Lake Resourses and Environment CAGS Beijing China laboratory of microbial resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG7, isolated from hot springs in Tibet, china, was examined for the ability to accumulate cesium from solutions. Environmental conditions were simulated and the effects of pH, K+, Na+ and K+-regimes were then studied to determine the possible role of the bacterium in the formation of cesium-bearing geyserite around these hot springs. In despite of the inhibition of K+ and Na+, the bacterium Thermus sp. TibetanG7 revealed noticeable accumulation of cesium from solutions, with maximum accumulations of 53.49 and 40.41 μmol Cesium/g cell dry weight in Na+ and K+ inhibition experiments, respectively. The accumulation of cesium by this microorganism is rapid, with 40%―50% accumulated within the first 5 min. K+-deficient cells showed a much higher capacity of cesium accu- mulation compared with K+-sufficient cells. It is evident that the bacteria within the genus thermus play a significant role in the cesium assembly. The formation of cesium-bearing geyserite is also considered.

关键词：铯元素沉积物硅华生物矿化

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Fossil bacteria in Xuanlong iron ore deposits of Hebei Province

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Science china Earth sciences 2004年第4期47卷 347-356页

作者： DAI Yongding, SONG Haiming & SHEN Jiying institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100029, china institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Discovered in Early Proterozoic Xuanlong iron ore deposits are six genera of fossil iron bacteria, i. e. sphere (coenobium of) rod-shaped (monomer) Naumanniella, ellipsoid elliptical Ochrobium,sphere spherical Siderocapsa and chain spherical Siderococcus, chain rod-shaped Leptothrix and Lieskeella, and six genera of fossil blue bacteria, namely sphere spherical Gloeocapsa, Synechocystis and Globobacter, chain spherical Anabaena and Nostoc, and con-strictive septate tubular Nodularia. The biomineralized monomers and coenobia of the two cate-gories of bacteria, together with hematite plates made up the bacteria pelletal, bacteria silky, bacteria fibrous and clasty bacteria pelletal textural lamina. The bacteria pelletal laminae com-bined with other bacteria laminae to make up oncolite, stromatolite and laminate. The precipita-tion of iron oxide was accelerated due to iron and blue bacteria cohabiting on microbial film or mat. The Xuanlong iron ore deposits are microbial binding ore deposits of ocean source.

关键词： iron and blue bacteria, bacteria textural lamina, microbial ore deposits, Late Early Proterozoic.

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Modern microbialites and their environmental signifi-cance,Meiji reef atoll,Nansha (Spratly) Islands,South china Sea

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Science china Earth sciences 2008年第4期51卷 608-617页

作者： SHEN JianWei1 & WANG Yue1,2 1 Department of Marine Geology, South china Sea institute of Oceanology Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South china Sea institute of Oceanology and Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, chinese academy of sciences, Guangzhou 510301, china 2 Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, china Department of Marine Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Guangzhou China Key laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology and Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou China Graduate University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Meiji (Mischief) coral atoll, in Nansha (Spratly) Islands, South china Sea, consists of an annular reef rim surrounding a central lagoon. On the atoll rim there are either protuberant 'motu' (small coral patch reefs on the rim of atoll) islets or lower sandy cays that contain modern microbialite deposits on the corals in pinnacles and surrounding bottoms of the atoll. microbialites, including villiform, hairy, and thin spine growth forms, as well as gelatinous masses, mats and encrustation, developed on coral colonies and atoll rim sediments between 0 and 15 m deep-water settings. The microbialites were produced by natural populations of filamentous cyanobacteria and grew on (1) bulbous corals together with Acropora sp., (2) on massive colonies of Galaxea fascicularis, (3) on dead Montipora digitata, and (4) on dead Acropora teres, some hairy microbialite growing around broken coral branches. This study demonstrates that microbial carbonates are developed in coral reefs of South china Sea and indicates that microbial processes may be important in the construction of modern reef systems. The results have significance in the determination of nature and composition in microorganisms implied in the formation ancient microbialites, and permit evaluation of the importance of microbial deposits in mo-dern coral reefs and of 'microbialites' in biogeochemical cycles of modern coral reef systems. The re-sults also provide evidence of modern analogues for ancient microbialites in shallow-water settings, and combine with sedimentological studies of ancient microbialites to understand their controls.

关键词： microbialite Meiji reef Nansha Island South china Sea

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Contributions of phosphatase and microbial activity to internal phosphorus loading and their relation to lake eutrophication

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Science china Earth sciences 2006年第Z1期49卷 102-113页

作者： SONG Chunlei, CAO Xiuyun, LI Jianqiu, LI Qingman, CHEN Guoyuan & ZHOU Yiyong institute of Hydrobiology, chinese academy of sciences, Wuhan 430072, china Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100039, china institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

Phosphatase may accelerate the process of lake eutrophication through improving phosphorus bioavailability. This mechanism was studied in three chinese eutrophic shallow lakes (Lake Taihu, Lake Longyang and Lake Lianhua). Phosphatase activity was related to the concentration of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and chlorophyll a. Stability of dissolved phosphatase in reverse micelles may be attributed to molecular size, conformation and active residues of the *** the site with Microcystis bloomed in Lake Taihu, dissolved phosphatase activity was higher and more stable in micelles, SRP concentrations were lower in interstitial water, the contents of different forms of phosphorus and the amounts of aerobic bacteria were lower while respiration efficiency was higher in sediments. Phosphobacteria, both inorganic and organic and other microorganisms were abundant in surface water but rare in sediments. Therefore, internal phosphorus may substantially flux into water column by enzymatic hydrolysis and anaerobic release, together with mobility of bacteria,thereby initiating the bloom. In short, biological mechanism may act in concert with physical and chemical factors to drive the internal phosphorus release and accelerate lake eutrophication.

关键词： dissolved phosphatase, reverse micelle, internal loading, phosphorus form of sediment, microbiology, eutrophication, Microcystis bloom.

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Genomic research for important pathogenic bacteria in china

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Science china(Life sciences) 2009年第1期52卷 50-63页

作者： YANG RuiFu1,GUO XiaoKui2,YANG Jian3,JIANG YongQiang1,PANG Bo4,CHEN Chen5,YAO YuFeng2,QIN JinHong2 & LI QingTian2 1 laboratory of Analytical microbiology,State Key laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity,beijing institute of microbiology and Epidemiology,beijing 100071,china 2 Department of Medical microbiology and Parasitology,institutes of Medical sciences,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,china 3 State Key laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic engineering,institute of Pathogen Biology,chinese academy of Medical sciences,beijing 100176,china 4 State Key laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,beijing 102206,china 5 beijing Genomics institute at Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518083,china laboratory of Analytical microbiology State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology Beijing China Department of Medical microbiology and Parasitology Institutes of Medical Sciences Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China State Key laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic engineering Institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China State Key laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing China beijing Genomics institute at Shenzhen Shenzhen China

Rapid accumulation of bacterial genomic data offered an unprecedented opportunity to understand bacterial biology from a holistic view of *** can thus closely look at the way in which a pathogen is evolved,and these data has been applied to molecular epidemiology and microbial forensics,and screening of novel diagnostic,vaccine and drug *** newly developed high-throughput low-cost sequencing technologies,such as 454,Solexa and SOLiD,will promote the acquisition and application of genomic data in new research areas that we dared not imagine previously,such as the metagenomics of human gastric-intestinal tract,for better and comprehensive understanding of human health and disease.

关键词： genome pathogenic bacteria sequencing application

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Bio-regeneration of p-complexation desulfurization adsorbents

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Science china Chemistry 2005年第6期48卷 538-544页

作者： LI Wangliang1,2, XING Jianmin1, XIONG Xiaochao1,2, SHAN Guobin1,2 & LIU Huizhou1 1. laboratory of Separation Science and Engineering, institute of Process Engineering, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100080, china 2. Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100039, china laboratory of Separation Science and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Graduate School of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing China

The coupling of adsorption desulfurization and biodesulfurization is a new approach to produce clean fuels. Sulfur compounds are firstly adsorbed on adsorbents, and then the ad-sorbents are regenerated by microbial conversion. p-Complexation adsorbent, Cu(I)-Y, was ob-tained by ion exchanging Y-type zeolite with Cu2+ and then by auto-reduction in helium at 450℃ for 3 h. Dibenzothiophene (DBT) was used as a model compound. The effects of cell concentra-tion, volume of oil phase, the ratio of aqueous phase to adsorbent on DBT desorption by a bac-terium were studied. The amounts of DBT desorbed and 2-HBP produced can be apparently increased with addition of n-octane. BDS activity can be improved by increasing cell concentra-tion and the ratio of water-to-adsorbent. 89% of DBT desorbed from the adsorbents can be converted to 2-HBP within 6 h and almost 100% within 24 h, when the volume ratio of oil-to-water was 1/5 mL/mL, the cell concentration was 60 g·L?1, and the ratio of adsorbent-to-oil was 0.03 g·mL?1. The amount of 2-HBP produced was strongly dependent on the volume ratio of oil-to- water, cell concentration and amount of adsorbent. Adsorption capacity of the regenerated ad-sorbent is 95% that of the fresh one after being desorbed with Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8, washed with n-octane, dried at 100℃ for 24 h and auto-reduced in He.

关键词： adsorption desulfurization p-complexation adsorbents bio-regeneration Pseudomonas delafieldii desorption.

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Characterization and function analysis of a Halo-alkaline-adaptable Trk K^+ uptake system in Alkalimonas amylolytica strain N10

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Science china(Life sciences) 2009年第10期52卷 949-957页

作者： GUO YongHao1, XUE YanFen1, LIU Jun2, WANG QuanHui1 & MA YanHe1 1 State Key laboratory of microbial resources, institute of microbiology, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100101, china 2 Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York 10029, USA State Key laboratory of microbial resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics Mount Sinai School of Medicine New York USA

By functional complementation of Escherichia coli mutants defective in potassium (K+) uptake, two genes that are required for K+ uptake in halo-alkaliphilic Alkalimonas amylolytica strain N10 were cloned. These two genes, Aa-trkA (1337 bp) and Aa-trkH (1452 bp), were adjacent on the A. amylolytica N10 chromosome and transcribed in opposite directions. Complementation experiments revealed that Aa-TrkA and Aa-TrkH from A. amylolytica strain N10 restored the ability to grow at low K+ concentration in E. coli △trkA and △trkG △trkH strains, respectively. In addition, Aa-TrkAH supported the growth of an E. coli △sapD strain, indicating that the ATP-binding protein TrkE was dispensable for the Trk system of A. amylolytica strain N10. The net K+ uptake was detected at different pH levels and the critical NaCl concentration indicated that Aa-TrkAH is an alkaline-adaptable and partially halo-adaptable K+ transporter. Kinetics determined by heterogeneous K+ transport experiments with an E. coli △trkA strain revealed that Aa-TrkAH has an alkaline pH optimum close to 8.5 or higher. Site-directed mutagenesis of Aa-TrkH showed that Phe103 and Ser229 play certain key roles in K+ selection and transportation. The molecular chaperones groES-groEL and tig promoted Aa-TrkH and Aa-TrkA overexpression in vitro.

关键词： K+ uptake system haloalkaliphile TrkH and TrkA alkaline-adaptable site directed mutagenesis

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Virus rejection with two model human enteric viruses in membrane bioreactor system

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Science china Chemistry 2007年第3期50卷 397-404页

作者： ZHENG Xiang1,2 & LIU JunXin1 1 Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100085, china 2 School of Environment & Natural resources, Renmin University of china, beijing 100872, china Research Center for Eco-Environmental sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China School of Environment & Natural resources Renmin University of China Beijing 100872 China

A membrane bioreactor (MBR) with gravity drain was tested for virus rejection with two coliphages, T4 and f2, which were used as surrogates for human enteric viruses. Virus rejection was investigated by PVDF and PP membrane modules, with the pore sizes of 0.22 and 0.1 μm, respectively. In tap water system, 2.1 lg rejection of coliphage T4 could be achieved by PVDF membrane compared with complete rejection by PP membrane, while for coliphage f2 with smaller diameter, 0.3―0.5 lg rejection of the influent virus was removed by the two membranes. In domestic wastewater system, cake layer and gel layer on the membrane surface changed the cut-off size of the membrane so that there was no significant difference between PP and PVDF for each coliphage. The removal ratios of coliphage T4 and f2 in the MBR were more than 5.5 and 3.0 lg, respectively. Compared with 5.5 lg removal for virus T4 in the MBR system, only 2.1 lg (96.8%―99.9%) removal rate was observed in the conventional activated sludge system with the influent virus concentration fluctuating from 1830 to 57000 PFU/mL. Only 0.8%―22% virus removal was the effect of adsorption to activated sludge, which showed a decreasing tendency with the retention time, while 75%―98% was the effect of virus inactivation by microbial activity. It indicated that the major mechanism of virus removal was not the transfer of viruses from the water phase to the sludge phase but inactivation in the biological treatment process.

关键词： MBR model virus enteric virus inactivation

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Effects of bacterially produced precipitates on the metabolism of sulfate reducing bacteria during the bio-treatment process of copper-containing wastewater

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第12期53卷 2608-2615页

作者： SHENG YuXing,CAO HongBin,LI YuPing & ZHANG Yi National Engineering laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Key laboratory of Green Process and Engineering,institute of Process Engineering,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100190,china National Engineering laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Key laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A large volume of bacterially produced precipitates are generated during the bio-treatment of heavy metal *** composition of the bacterially produced precipitates and its effects on sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) in copper-containing waste stream were evaluated in this *** elemental composition of the microbial precipitate was studied using electrodispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX),and it was found that the ratio of S:Cu was *** with the results of copper distribution in the SRB metabolism culture,which was analyzed by the sequential extraction procedure,copper in the precipitates was determined as covellite (CuS).The bacterially produced precipitates caused a decrease of the sulfate reduction rate,and the more precipitates were generated,the lower the sulfate reduction rate *** particle sizes of bacterially generated covellite were ranging from 0.03 to 2 m by particles size distribution (PSD) analysis,which was smaller than that of the SRB *** electron microscopy (TEM) analysis showed that the microbial covellite was deposited on the surface of the *** effects of the microbial precipitate on SRB metabolism were found to be weakened by increasing the precipitation time and adding microbial polymeric substances in later *** results provided direct evidence that the SRB activity was inhibited by the bacterially produced covellite,which enveloped the bacterium and thus affected the metabolism of SRB on mass transfer.

关键词： sulfate reducing bacteria covellite heavy metal wastewater

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A novel function for the cellulose binding module of cellobiohydrolase I

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Science china(Life sciences) 2008年第7期51卷 620-629页

作者： WANG LuShan 1,2 ,ZHANG YuZhong 1 &GAO PeiJi 1 1State Key laboratory of microbial Technology,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,china 2beijing laboratory of Nanoscale Physics&Devices,chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100080,china State Key laboratory of microbial Technology Shandong University Jinan China beijing laboratory of Nanoscale Physics & Devices Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

A homogeneous cellulose-binding module(CBM)of cellobiohydrolase I(CBHI)from Trichoderma pseudokoningii S-38 was obtained by the limited proteolysis with papain and a series of chromatographs *** of FT-IR spectra demonstrated that the structural changes result from a weakening and splitting of the hydrogen bond network in cellulose by the action of CBMCBHI at 40℃for 24 *** results of molecular dynamic simulations are consistent with the experimental conclusions, and provide a nanoscopic view of the mechanism that strong and medium H-bonds decreased dramatically when CBM was bound to the cellulose *** function of CBMCBHI is not only limited to locating intact CBHI in close proximity with cellulose fibrils,but also is involved in the structural disruption at the fibre *** present studies provided considerable evidence for the model of the intramolecular synergy between the catalytic domain and their CBMs.

关键词： cellulose cellulase cellobiohydrolase cellulose binding module hydrogen bonds molecular dynamics simulation

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