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Spectral integration and perception of Chinese back vowel /γ/

Science china(Information Sciences) 2010年第11期53卷 2300-2309页

作者： YU ShuiYuan1, CHEN YuDong2 & WU JieRu3 1school of Computer, communication university of china, beijing 100024, china 2International College for Chinese Language Studies, communication university of china, beijing 100024, china 3school of presentation art, communication university of china, beijing 100024, china school of Computer Communication University of China Beijing China International College for Chinese Language Studies Communication University of China Beijing China school of presentation art Communication University of China Beijing China

The first two formants of the back vowels of many languages, such as English, are often close in frequency within the critical 3.5-Bark distance and are phonetically equivalent to a single intermediate formant. This phenomenon is called spectral integration. The integrated spectral peak is related more directly to phonetic quality than to acoustic formants and is therefore an important cue for determining the phonetic quality of vowels. The Chinese vowel /γ/ is a back vowel, but its first two formants are commonly separated by more than the critical distance. What are the perceptual cues for this vowelDoes the spectral integration phenomenon influence its perceptionThis paper describes a series of identification experiments and rating experiments on the influences of the distance, spectral shape, and relative amplitude of the first two formants on the phonetic quality of /γ/. The results show that all stimuli with a two-peaked spectral shape are perceived as /γ/ whenever the first two formants are separated by the critical Bark distance or beyond. When the two formants are separated by roughly the critical distance, only those stimuli with sharp formants are perceived as /γ/, while stimuli with trapezoidal or single-peaked spectral shapes are not perceived as /γ/. Specifically, when the second formant is 10 dB higher than the first, the spectral integration phenomenon influences formant perception, and the stimulus is not perceived as /γ/; on the contrary, when the second formant is 0-20 dB lower than the first, the stimulus is perceived as /γ/, and spectral integration does not occur. That is to say, spectral integration occurs asymmetrically about the relative amplitudes of the first two formants. In a word, the Chinese vowel /γ/ is a back vowel, but spectral integration does not occur in the perception of its first two formants. Two individual formants are necessary for the phonetic color of the Chinese vowel /γ/. This vowel is different from the back vowels of w

关键词： spectral integration Chinese back vowel /γ/ back vowel critical distance

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Presenting degenerate Ringel-Hall algebras of type B

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Science china Mathematics 2012年第5期55卷 949-960页

作者： FAN LiJuan1 & ZHAO ZhongHua2,1Department of Mathematics,beijing Normal university,beijing 100875,china 2Department of Mathematics and Computer Science,school of Science,beijing university of Chemical Technology,beijing 100029,china Department of Mathematics Beijing Normal University Beijing China Department of Mathematics and Computer Science School of Science Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing China

We give a presentation for the degenerate Ringel-Hall algebras of type B by studying the corresponding generic extension monoid *** an application,it is shown that the degenerate Ringel-Hall algebras of type B admit m... 详细信息

关键词： degenerate Ringel-Hall algebras generic extension monoid algebras Auslander-Reiten quivers Frobenius morphism

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IL-8-induced L-selectin shedding regulates its binding kinetics to PSGL-1

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第16期54卷 2786-2793页

作者： JIA XiaoLing1,2,3, CHEN Juan1,2 & LONG Mian1,2 1 National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100190, china 2 Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100190, china 3 school of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang university, beijing 100083, china National Microgravity Laboratory Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Center of Biomechanics and Bioengineering Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China school of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang University Beijing China

L-selectin plays a crucial role in inflammation cascade by initiating the tethering and rolling of leukocytes on endothelium wall. While many L-selectin molecules are rapidly shed from the cell surface upon activation, the remaining membrane-anchored L-selectin may still play an important role in regulating leukocyte rolling and adhesion with different binding kinetics. Here we developed an in vitro model to activate Jurkat cells via interlukin-8 (IL-8) and quantified the two-dimensional (2D) binding kinetics, using a micropipette aspiration assay, of membrane-anchored L-selectin to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) ligand coupled onto human red blood cells (RBCs). The data indicated that L-selectin shedding reduced the amount of membrane-anchored L-selectin and lowered both its reverse and forward rates. These results suggested that the rolling dynamics of activated leukocytes was determined by two opposite impacts: reducing the surface presentation would enhance the rolling but lowering the kinetic rates would decrease the rolling. This finding provides a new insight into under-standing how L-selectin shedding regulates leukocyte rolling and adhesion.

关键词：结合动力学选择素配体白细胞介素8 Jurkat细胞诱导细胞表面微管吸吮

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Quantitative relationships between vegetation and several pollen taxa in surface soil from North china

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第16期45卷 1519-1523页

作者： LI Yiyin, ZHANG Xinshi & ZHOU Guangsheng1. Department of Urbon and Environmental Sciences, Peking university, beijing 100871, china 2. Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100093, china 3. school of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northeast Normal university, Changchun 130024, china Correspondence should be addressed to Li Yiyin Department of Urbon and Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing China school of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun China Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

According to the vegetation investigation and pollen analysis of surface samples sampled along a precipitation gradient of the Northeast china Transect (NECT), several pollen taxa, including Pinus, Betula, Quercus, Tilia, Acer, Ulmus, artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Gramineae and Cyperaceae, were chosen to make the regression and correlation analyses. The results indicated that there exists a close relationship between vegetation and pollen taxa in surface samples. The regression parameters for ten taxa in the forests in the eastern part of NECT were different from those in the steppes in the western part. Pinus, Betula, artemisia and Chenopodiaceae, which have large slope and y-intercept terms, were over-representative taxa. Acer, Gramineae and Cyperaceae, which have small slope and y-intercept terms, were under-representative taxa. Quercus, Tilia and Ulmus whose slope terms have negative correlation with y-intercept terms were equi-representative taxa. The pollen taxa with large slope or large y-intercept

关键词： pollen taxa in surface soil vegetation regression parameters (slope term and y-intercept term) representation Northeast china Transect (NECT).

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SEMANTIC NETWORK presentation OF MECHANICAL MOTION SCHEME AND ITS MECHANISM TYPES SELECTION METHOD

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2004年第2期17卷 253-256页

作者： Ye Zhigang Zou Huijun Zhang Qing Tian Yongli school of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong university,Shanghai 200030, china school of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University 上海 200030

The presentation method of the mechanical motion scheme must support thewhole process of conceptual design. To meet the requirement, a semantic network method is selectedto represent process level, action level, mechanism level and relationships among them. Computeraided motion cycle chart exploration can be realized by the representation and revision of timecoordination of mechanism actions and their effect on the design scheme. The uncertain reasoningtechnology based on semantic network is applied in the mechanism types selection of the needledriving mechanism of industrial sewing mechanism, and the application indicated it is correct,useful and advance.

关键词： Semantic network Scheme design Closeness degree Motion cycle chart Mechanical motion scheme

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Clinical evaluation of serum antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2004年第2期3卷 288-291页

作者： Fu-Kui Zhang, Ji-Dong Jia and Bao-En Wang beijing, china Liver Research Center, beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital university of Medical Sciences, beijing 100050 , china Liver Research Center Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100050 China. frankliver@***

BACKGROUND: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is cha- racterized by frequent presence of antimitochondrial anti- bodies (AMAs). The sensitivity and specificity of AMA for PBC are both greater than 90%-95%, so the presence of AMA in serum is the major hallmark in PBC. However, it has long been recognized that in 5%-10% of patients the clinical, biochemical and histological features are diagnos- tic for PBC, but their sera are consistently tested negative for AMA/AMA-M2. This study aimed to evaluate whether the presence of AMA alters the clinical, serological and his- tological features of the disease. METHODS: Clinical data of 70 patients clinically and/or histologically diagnosed with PBC were reviewed. AMA- negative and AMA-positive patients were compared in terms of clinical, biochemical, immunological and histo- logical features. RESULTS: At presentation, 11 patients were serum AMA/ AMA-M2 negative. At the initial visit, AMA-negative and AMA-positive patients were similar in terms of age, sex, clinical manifestations, liver biochemistries and histological findings. The mean level of serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) was significantly lower in AMA-negative PBC pa- tients than in AMA-positive PBC patients (2851±1418 mg/L vs 6361 ±4928 mg/L, P =0.033). Serum antinuclear anti- bodies ( ANA) and/or smooth muscle antibodies ( SMA) were more frequently positive in the AMA-negative PBC patients than in the AMA-positive patients (81.8% vs 40.7%, P =0.031). CONCLUSION: AMA-negative PBC patients are characte- rized by relatively lower levels of serum IgM and a higher prevalence of serum ANA/SMA and are not associated with substantial differences in the clinical, biochemical and histo- logical spectrum of the disease.

关键词： primary biliary cirrhosis antimitochondrial antibody antinuclear antibody immunoglobulin M

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Impact of coal resource development on eco-environment and its restoration in west of china

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2005年第S1期15卷 176-179页

作者： HU Zhen-qi, ZHAO Yan-ling, GAO Yong-guang (china university of Mining and Technology(beijing Campus), beijing 100083, china)

West china has rich mineral resources, especially in coal resources with very good mining conditions. Coal resource development is the one of important tasks in the Chinese “West Development”. Thus, the impact of coal resources development on eco-environment and its restoration is worth studying. This study shows that there are many environmental problems such as land damage, coal wastes, damage of hydro-geological condition and pollution of water resource, airborne effluents (industrial exhausts and methane emission from underground), dust, waste, water. Land damage and land desertification are the most important environmental issue in west china. Therefore, the stress of environmental restoration should be desert presentation and disturbed-land reclamation. To control environmental damages and rehabilitate the eco-environment, environmental restoration techniques are also discussed.

关键词： coal mining eco-environment ecological restoration

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Retinoblastoma in a young adult mimicking Coats'disease

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2012年第5期5卷 625-629页

作者： Zheng Zhang, Ji-Tong Shi, Ning-Li Wang, Jian-Min Ma beijing Tongren Eye Center, beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical university, beijing Ophthalmology & Vision Science Key Lab, beijing 100730, china beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Tongren Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing Ophthalmology & Vision Science Key Lab Beijing 100730 China.

Retinoblastoma is the most common childhood primary intraocular malignancy, with the majority of cases being diagnosed before 5 years of age. Retinoblastoma in adults is extremely rare. Here, we report the case of a 20-year-old man who presented with a 3 year history of blurred vision in the right eye. Imaging did not reveal the typical presentation of retinoblastoma. After considering Coats’ disease, a diagnosis of late-presenting retinoblastoma was made through cytological analysis. Diagnosis of retinoblastoma should be considered in the presence of uncertain mass lesions in the fundus of an adult.

关键词： adult retinoblastoma Coats'disease cytological analysis

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CONVERGENCE RESULTS OF RUNGE-KUTTA METHODS FOR MULTIPLY-STIFF SINGULAR PERTURBATION PROBLEMS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2002年第3期20卷 325-336页

作者： Ai-guo Xiao (Department of Mathematics, Xiangtan university, Xiangtan 411105, china) Department of Mathematics Xiangtan University Xiangtan 411105

Presents information on a study which provided convergence results for algebraically stable Runge-Kutta methods applied to some classes of one- and two-parameter multiply-stiff singular perturbation problems (MSPP). Discussion on one-parameter MSPP; Analysis of two-parameter MSPP; presentation of the one-parameter MSPP with a constraint; Numerical example.

关键词： singular perturbation problems Runge-Kutta methods convergence multiple-stiffness

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The conflict adaptation is affected by attentional strategies: evidence from the arrow flanker task

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2009年第10期52卷 990-994页

作者： CHEN Jia, LI Chang, HE ChunHong & CHEN AnTao Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, school of Psychology Southwest university, Chongqing 400715, china Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education School of Psychology Southwest University Chongqing China

Recently, several studies have considered factors affecting the occurrence of congruency sequence effect (CSE) in the arrow flanker task. In the present study, the influence of the following factors was examined: the presentation of a fixation and the intertrial interval (ITI) were considered. Results of the study showed that the CSE was significant when there was no fixation and when the ITI was long for response repetitions and response changes, but disappeared for response change trials in other conditions. These results showed that, even in the arrow flanker task, the conflict adaptation effect did contribute to the CSE. The current results suggested that the conflict adaptation effect in the arrow flanker task was based on the appropriate application of attention strategies.

关键词： conflict adaptation flanker task attention strategies fixation intertrial interval

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