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Radiometric cross-calibration of the CBERS-02 CCD camera with the TERRA MODIS

Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 44-60页

作者： LI Xiaoying1,2,3. GU Xingfa1,3.4. MIN Xiangjun5, YU Tao1,3. FU Qiaoyan5, ZHANG Yong1,2,3.& LI Xiaowen1,3.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the institute of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101,{3. 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003.,{3. 3. The Center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, Beijing 100101,{3. 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84.14.Avignon, France 5.{3. Center for resource Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 10083.,{3. 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University 100101 Beijing China 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. The Center for National Spaceborne Demonstration 100101 Beijing China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Climat Sol Environnement 84914 Avignon France 5. china Center for resource Satellite Data and Application 100830 Beijing China

For the application of the CCD camera, the most important payload on CBERS-02, the key is to provide long-term stable radiometric calibration coefficients. Although the vicarious calibration had been proved successful, it had its limitations such as test site requirement and unsuitable for historical data. Cross-calibration is one of the alternative methods, but it needs synchro surface spectrum to achieve spectral band matching factors. Our effort is to probe the influences on these factors. Simulations with a lot of surface spectrum showed that the factors changed with the viewing geometry, atmospheric condition and surface targets. However, simulating with the same viewing geometry and atmospheric condition, the spectral band matching factors of the same or similar surface targets’ spectrum acquired from different dates and different places would like to be consistent to each other within 1%―5%. Thus, the synchro measurement data can be substituted by the same or similar target from other source. Based on this method, using the MODIS as the reference, the cross-calibration was performed for CCD camera. The research demonstrated that the traditional method with single calibration site was inappropriate for CCD camera, since the offsets for its four spectral bands were not zeros. With four calibration sites, these offsets were obtained. And the camera was detected to degrade with dates based on four times of cross-calibrations.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD camera cross-calibration the spectral band matching factors.

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Biomass estimation and uncertainty analysis based on CBERS-02 CCD camera data and field measurement

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 116-128页

作者： CHEN Liangfu1,2, GAO Yanhua1,3. CHENG Yu1,3. WEI Zheng1,3. XIAO Qing1,4. LIU Qinhuo1, YU Tao1, LIU Qijing5, GU Xingfa1 & TIAN Guoliang1 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, institute of Remote Sensing Applications, {4. academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,{3. 2. Geography and Environment College, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 3.0027,{3. 3. Graduate University of {4. academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003.,{3. 4. Beijing Research institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100875,{3. 5. institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources Research, {4. academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,{3. 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Institute of Remote Sensing Applications Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 2. Geography and Environment College Jiangxi Normal University 330027 Nanchang China 3. Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China 4. Beijing Research institute of Uranium Geology 100875 Beijing China 5. institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

The study site is located in Qianyanzhou experimental station and the surrounding area. Based on CBERS-02 satellite data and field measurement, we not only discussed the relationship between NDVI and biomass of two species of coniferous plantations, namely, Pinus massoniana Lamb and Pinus elliottii Engelm, but also introduced the biomass models based on NDVI. The comparison between measured biomass in Qianyanzhou and biomass derived from CBERS-02 CCD data showed that it is feasible to estimate biomass based on NDVI. But its limitations cannot be ignored. This kind of model depends on the dominant vegetation species. There are some effect factors in estimating biomass based on NDVI. This paper analyzes these factors based on fine-resolution CBERS-02 CCD data and some conclusions are drawn: In Qianyanzhou, the area with good vegetation coverage, the nonlinearity of NDVI has little influence on scaling-up of NDVI. As a result of surface heterogeneity, scaling-up can cause NDVI within each pixel to change. Because scaling-up can cause pixel attribute to change, the applicability of biomass model is one of the sources of error in estimating biomass.

关键词： NDVI biomass scaling effect scaling-up.

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Modeling the impact of Australian Plate drift on Southern Hemisphere climate and environment

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chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第14期50卷 1495-1502页

作者： ZHOU Botao1,5, ZHAO Ping2, JIAN Zhimin3.& HE Jinhai4.1. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center, institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029,{3. 2. institute of Climate and Environment, chinese academy of Meteoro- logical Sciences, Beijing 100081,{3. 3. Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092,{3. 4. Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing institute of Meteorol- ogy, Nanjing 21004.,{3. 5. Graduate School of the chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing {13.,{3. Nansen-Zhu International Research Center Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate School of the chinese academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China institute of Climate and Environment Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Beijing 100081 China Laboratory of Marine Geology Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing Institute of Meteorology Nanjing 210044 China

Using a global atmosphere-ocean coupled model with the present-day and 14.MaB.P. oceanic topogra- phy respectively, two experiments are implemented to inves- tigate the effect of different locations of Australian Plate on the atmospheric circulation in middle-high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. The results show that when Austra- lian Plate lay south at 14.MaB.P., both anticyclone circula- tions in the subtropical oceans and cyclone circulation around 60°-70°S are strengthened. Subtropical highs and circumpolar low pressure appear stronger, which results in much stronger Antarctic Oscillation and shorter period of Antarctic Oscillation Index (AOI) at 14.MaB.P. The rainfall and the surface air temperature also change correspondingly. The precipitation decreases around 4.°S and increases around 60°-70°S, and the surface air temperature rises in high latitudes of the South Pacific and descends over the Weddell Sea and its north side. Besides, due to the changes of the temperatures and winds, Antarctic sea ice coverage also changes with its increasing in the Ross Sea and its west re- gions and decreasing in the Weddell Sea.

关键词：半球气候地球环球澳大利亚漂流物海洋地形学

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Preliminary results of the study on wind erosion in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau using 13.Cs technique

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chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第11期45卷 1019-1025页

作者： YAN Ping, DONG Guangrong, ZHANG Xinbao & ZHANG Yiyun1. Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, the Ministry of Education of china, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, china 2. institute of Desert Research, {3. {4. of Sciences, Lanzhou 73.000, china 3. institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, {3. {4. of Sciences, Chengdu 61004., china 4. Department of Physics, Sichuan Union University, Chengdu 61004., china Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster the Ministry of Education of China Beijing Normal University Beijing China institute of Desert Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou China institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China Department of Physics Sichuan Union University Chengdu China

The worldwide fallout of caesium-13. (13.Cs) associated with the nuclear weapon tests during the 1950s and 1960s has provided a valuable man-made tracer for studies of soil erosion and sediment delivery. But relatively few researchers have used it to estimate wind erosion. In this note, the 13.Cs technique is introduced into the studies of wind erosion and its modern processes inthe Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Two 13.Cs reference inventories of 982.11 and 2 3.6.04.Bq · m-2 wereestablished preminarily, distributed in the south and middle-north parts of the studied arearespectively. By analyzing the patterns of 13.Cs depth profiles from sampling sites, the aeolianprocesses of erosion and deposition in nearly 4. years have been revealed, i.e. the shrub coppicedunes (S1) and semi-fixed dunefields (S3. experienced the alternation of erosion and deposition,while the grasslands (S4. S6 and S7) and dry farmlands (S5) suffered erosion only. By using 13.Csmodel, the average wind erosion rates for shrub coppice

关键词： 13.Cs technique Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau wind erosion.

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The quantification of remote sensing

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 1-11页

作者： GU Xingfa1,2,3.TIAN Guoliang1,2, LI Xiaowen1,2 & GUO Jianning4.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the institute of Remote Sensing Applications of chinese academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101,{3. 2. The Center for National Spaceborne Demonstration, Beijing 100101,{3. 3. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84.14.Avignon, France 4.{3. Center for resource Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 10083.,{3. chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Ctr Natl Spaceborne Demonstrat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Inst Natl Rech Agron F-84914 Avignon France china Ctr resource Satellite Data & Applicat Beijing 100830 Peoples R China

The paper firstly defined the remote sensing information quantification, analyzed the necessity of developing remote sensing quantification, figured out the application guidelines requirement, and pointed out the importance of quantification research. Then taking the remote sensing application research of CBERS-02 data quantification as the example, the paper described the whole quantification system of “remotely sensed digital signal-radiation information-field parameter inversion”. Finally the paper gave the prospect for the development trend of the quantitative remote sensing.

关键词： remote sensing information quantification CBERS-02 radiometric calibration surface parame- ter reversion.

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Physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering and leaching of loess soil

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第9期49卷 1002-1008页

作者： LI Yong1,2, ZHANG Qingwen1,2, WAN Guojiang3. HUANG Ronggui3. PIAO Hechun3. BAI Lingyu2 & LI Lu2 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, institute of Soil and Water Conservation, {4. academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100,{3. 2. institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, {4. academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081,{3. 3. institute of Geochemistry, {4. academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002,{3. 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences Yangling 712100 China 2. institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China 3. institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guiyang 550002 China

Plant roots have potential impacts on soil mineral weathering and *** objective is to understand the physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering andleaching of loess soil. Root densities were measured through the method of a large-size dug profile,and transport fluxes of soil elements were determined using an undisturbed monolith soilinfiltration device on the hilly and gully regions of the chinese Loess Plateau. The results showthat the improvement effects of soil environment by plant roots are mainly controlled by the densityand weight of the fibrous roots with the diameters less than 1 mm. Plant roots have the strongereffects on soil physical properties than chemical properties. The principal components analysis(PCA) indicates that soil physical properties by plant roots account for 56.7% of variations in soilenvironment whereas soil chemical properties and pH contribute about 24.2% of the soil *** roles of plant roots in controlling soil weathering and leaching increased in the followingorder: infiltration enhancement > increase of bio-active substance > stabilization of soilstructure. The effects of plant roots on soil mineral weathering and leaching can be quantifiedusing the multiple regression models with the high prediction accuracies developed in this study.

关键词： plant roots, soil weathering and leaching rates, soil environment field, principal components analysis (PCA), chinese Loess Plateau.

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Debris Flow Hazard Assessment Based on Support Vector Machine

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第4期11卷 897-900页

作者： YUAN Lifeng 1, 2 , ZHANG Youshui 3. 1. institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, chinese academy of Sciences, Chengdu 61004., Sichuan,{3. 2. Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 10004.,{3. 3. institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural resources Research, chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101,{3. institute of Mountain Hazards Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences 610041 Chengdu Sichuan China Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China institute of Geographical Sciences Natural resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

Seven factors, including the maximum volume of once flow , occurrence frequency of debris flow , watershed area , main channel length , watershed relative height difference , valley incision density and the length ratio of sediment supplement are chosen as evaluation factors of debris flow hazard degree. Using support vector machine （SVM） theory, we selected 259 basic data of 3. debris flow channels in Yunnan Province as learning samples in this study. We create a debris flow hazard assessment model based on SVM. The model was validated though instance applications and showed encouraging results.

关键词： debris flow hazard assessment support vector machine (SVM)

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Research on the dynamics of the South china Sea opening:Evidence from analogue modeling

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Science china Earth Sciences 2006年第10期49卷 1053-1069页

作者： SUN Zhen1,2, ZHOU Di1, ZHONG Zhihong3. XIA Bin2, QIU Xuelin1, ZENG Zuoxun4.& JIANG Jianqun5 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South china Sea institute of Oceanology, chinese {3. of Sciences, Guangzhou 5103.1, china 2. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, chinese {3. of Sciences, Guangzhou 51064., china 3. Department of Technology, Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC, Guangzhou 51024., china 4. Faculty of Earth Sciences, china University of {14., Wuhan 4.0}074. china 5. Hainan Oil & Gas Exploration Company, Liaohe Oilfield Petro{13., Panjin 124.10, china 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China 2. CAS Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China 3. Department of Technology Shenzhen Branch of CNOOC Guangzhou 510240 China 4. Faculty of Earth Sciences China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 5. Hainan Oil & Gas Exploration Company Liaohe Oilfield PetroChina Panjin 124010 China

Independent of Indochina extrusion, the South china Sea experienced a process from passive continental rifting to marginal sea drifting. According to the fault patterns in the Beibu Gulf basin and the Pearl River Mouth basin, the continental rifting and early spreading stage from 3. to 26 Ma were controlled by extensional stress field, which shifted clockwise from southeastward to south southeastward. From 24.Ma on, the sea spread in NW-SE direction and ceased spreading at around 15.5 Ma. Integrated geological information with the assumption that the South china Sea developed along a pre-Cenozoic weakness zone, we did analogue experiments on the South china Sea evolu- tion. Experiments revealed that the pre-existing weakness zone goes roughly along the uplift zone between the present Zhu-1 and Zhu-2 depression. The pre-existing weakness zone is composed of three segments trending NNE, roughly EW and NEE, respectively. The early opening of the South china Sea is accompanied with roughly 15° clockwise rotation, while the SE sub-sea basin opened with SE extension. Tinjar fault was the western boundary of the Nansha block (Dangerous Ground), while Lupar fault was the eastern boundary of the Indochina, NW-trending rift belt known as Zengmu basin developed between above two faults due to block divergent of Indochina from Nansha. In the experiment, transtensional flower structures along NW-trending faults are seen, and slight inversion occurs along some NE-dipping faults. The existence of rigid massifs changed the orientations of some faults and rift belt, and also led to deformation concentrate around the massifs. The rifting and drifting of the South china Sea might be caused by slab pull from the proto South china Sea subducting toward Borneo and/or mantle flow caused by India-Asia collision.

关键词： South china Sea, rifting and drifting, clockwise rotation, analogue modeling, rigid massifs.

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The gravitational gradient tensor’s invariants and the related boundary conditions

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 781-790页

作者： YU JinHai1,2,3.& ZHAO DongMing4.1 College of Earth Science, Graduate University of chinese academy of Sciences, Beijing 10004., china 2 {3. of Geodesy and Geophysics, chinese academy of Sciences, Wuhan 4.0}077, china 3.State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics, Xi’an 71004.0} china 4.Zhengzhou {3. of Surveying and Mapping, Zhengzhou 4.0052, china 1. College of Earth Science Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China2. Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430077 China3. State Key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics Xi’an 710043 China4. Zhengzhou Institute of Surveying and Mapping Zhengzhou 450052 China

Here we report new approaches of recovering the Earth gravitational field from GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer) gradiometric data with the help of the gradient tensor’s invariants. Our results only depend on GOCE satellite’s position and gradiometry, in other words, they are completely independent of the satellite attitude. First, starting from the invariants, linearization models are established, which can be referred as the general boundary conditions on the satellite’s orbit. Then, the spherical approximation expressions for the models are derived, and the corresponding solving methods for them are discussed. Furthermore, considering effects of J2-term, the spherical approximation models are improved so that the accuracies of the boundary conditions can be theoretically raised to O ( J 2/2 T), which is approximately equivalent to O(T2). Finally, some arithmetic examples are constructed from EGM96 model based on the derived theories, and the computational results illustrate that the spherical models have accuracies of 10-7 and the order recovering the gravitational field can reach up to 200, and the models with regard to effect of J2-term have accuracies of 10-8 and the order can reach up to 280.

关键词： the Earth’s gravitational field gravitational gravidiometry tensor’s invariant

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Mineralization episode of porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt: Re-Os dating

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第2期48卷 192-198页

作者： WANG Denghong, QU Wenjun, LI Zhiwei, YIN Hanlong4.& CHEN Yuchuan institute of Mineral resources, chinese {3. of Geological Sciences, Beijing {4., china National Center of Rock and Mineral Analysis, chinese {3. of Geological Sciences, Beijing {4., china resource Assessment Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650011, china institute of Geology and Geophysics, chinese {3. of Sciences, Beijing 100101, china chinese {3. of Geological Sciences, Beijing {4., china 1. institute of Mineral resources Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 2. National Center of Rock and Mineral Analysis Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China 3. resource Assessment Center of Yunnan 650011 Kunming China 4. institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China 5. chinese academy of Geological Sciences 100037 Beijing China

Re-Os isotopic dating for the molybdenites from the porphyry copper deposits of the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt in Yunnan Province yields isochron ages of 3..9±1.1 Ma for the Machangqing deposit and 3..4.0.5 Ma for the Tongchang deposit. This result shows that both the Machangqing and the Tongchang porphyry Cu-Mo deposits from two different ore-fields formed simultaneously. This new data and the published Re-Os model ages of molybdenite (3..4.Ma, 3..9 Ma, 3..2 Ma) of the Yulong porphyry copper deposit in Tibet, which is located in the same Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt as the Machangqing deposit and the Tongchang deposit, suggest that these three Cenozoic porphyry copper deposits in the Jinshajiang-Red River mineralization belt were contemporary for their mineralization episode. That is to say, even their present locality is far away and nearly iso-distantly distributed, these three porphyry Cu(Mo) deposits belong to the same mineralization episode at the end of Eocene.

关键词： Re-Os isotopic dating, porphyry Cu deposits, Cenozoic, mineralization episode.

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