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Positive Darwinian selection in human population:A review

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chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第10期53卷 1457-1467页

作者： WU DongDong1,3.& ZHANG YaPing1,2 1 State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, Kunming 650223. China 2 Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan {3., Kunming 650091, China 3.graduate {3. of chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China graduate university of chinese {3. of sciences Beijing 100049 China

This paper reviews a large number of genes under positive Darwinian selection in modern human populations, such as brain development genes, immunity genes, reproductive related genes, perception receptors. The research on the evolutionary property of these genes will provide important insight into human evolution and disease mechanisms. With the increase of population genetics and comparative genomics data, more and more evidences indicate that positive Darwinian selection plays an indispensable role in the origin and evolution of human beings. This paper will also summarize the methods to detect positive selection, analyze the interference factors faced and make suggestions for further research on positive selection.

关键词：自然选择积极选择达尔文进化论人类学种群遗传

A NUMERICAL STUDY ON A SIMPLIFIED TAIL MODEL FOR TURNING FISH IN C-START

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2006年第2期18卷 135-142页

作者： YANG Yan TONG Bing-gang The Laboratory for Biomechanics of Animal Locomotion Graduate University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 China Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China

Most freshwater fish are good at turning manoeuvres. A simulated fish tail model was numerically investigated and discussed in detail. This study deals with unsteady forces and moment exerted on the fish tail-fin in an initial sideways stroke and a subsequent return stroke motion, and visualizes the flow fields and vortex structures, in order to explore the flow control mechanism of the typical turning motion of fish. Further discussion on fluid dynamic consequences corresponding to two different bending forms of fish tail-fins in its C-start is given. The two-dimensional unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations are solved with a developed pseudo-compressibility method to simulate the flow around the fish tail-fin. The computed results and the comparison with experiments indicate that （1） fish performs a turning motion of its body using the impulsive moment produced by the to-and-fro stroke, and each stage of the process exhibits its specific hydrodynamic characteristic, （2） fishes adopt two forms of tail-tip bend （single bend and double bend） to accomplish a C-start turning manoeuvre, in dependence of their physical situations and natural environments, （3. fish can control its turning motion by modulating some key kinematic parameters.

关键词： fish swimming turning manoeuvre C-start,tail fin locomotion 2D Navier-Stokes equations CFD physical mechanism optimal control

The onset and advance of the Asian summer monsoon

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Science Bulletin 2006年第1期51卷 80-88页

作者： Lü Junmei1,2,4, ZHANG Qingyun1, TAO Shiyan1 & JU Jianhua3.1. State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sci- ences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, chinese academy of sciences, {3. 100029, China 2. Department of Atmospheric sciences, Yunnan university, Kunming 650091, China 3. China Meteorological Administration Training Centre, {3. 100081, China 4. graduate School of chinese academy of sciences, {3. 10003., China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Department of Atmospheric sciences Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China graduate School of chinese academy of {3. Beijing 100039 China China Meteorological Administration Training Centre Beijing 100081 China

Based on the daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) data from National Oceanic and At- mospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites, the Cli- mate Prediction Center’s merged analysis of pre- cipitation (CMAP) data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for At- mospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis dataset, the mean intraseasonal variability of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) is investigated by using power spectrum analysis, band-pass filter, and diagnostic analyses. The processes of the onset and advance of monsoon over the southern part of Indo- china Peninsula, the east coast of Bay of Bengal, the South China Sea and the Indian subcontinent are explored. It is found that there is an abrupt change in OLR, precipitation and zonal wind during the onset and advance of the ASM. It is also indicated that the southern part of Indochina Peninsula and the adja- cent Andaman Sea is the region where the earliest onset of the ASM occurs in the 2nd pentad of May.

关键词： Asian summer monsoon intraseasonal variability onset advance.

Genomic organization and sequence analysis of the vomeronasal receptor V2R genes in mouse genome

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chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第3期52卷 336-342页

作者： YANG Hui1,2 & Zhang YaPing1,3.1 Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, chinese academy of sciences, Kunming 650223. China 2 {3. university of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China 3.Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Yunnan university, Kunming 650091, China Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China

Two multigene superfamilies, named V1R and V2R, encoding seven-transmembrane-domain G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been identified as pheromone receptors in mammals. Three V2R gene families have been described in mouse and rat. Here we screened the updated mouse genome se- quence database and finally retrieved 63.putative functional V2R genes including three newly identified genes which formed a new additional family. We described the genomic organization of these genes and also characterized the conservation of mouse V2R protein sequences. These genomic and se- quence information we described are useful as part of the evidence to speculate the functional domain of V2Rs and should give aid to the functionality study in the future.

关键词：大白鼠基因组犁鼻受体2 多基因超家族序列分析

A Kinematic Thermal Model for Descending Slabs with Velocity Boundary Layers

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 195-196页

作者： Keliang Zhang graduate university of the chinese {3. of sciences,College of Earth Science,beijing 100049,China.

Kinematic models compute the temperature distribution by prescribing a constant convergent velocity for the subducting slab,resulting in an artificial velocity discontinuity,which may accelerate the heating of subducting *** the purpose to moderate the influence of such artificial discontinuity, we construct a 2D thermal model for subduction zones with a velocity boundary layer,within which the velocities decrease linearly with the distance from the interfaces of *** are calculated

关键词： kinematic model thermal structure subduction zone velocity boundary layer finite element method

Effects of isolation after sexual experience on anxiety-like, depressive-like behaviors and affective states in male rats

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chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第36期55卷 4136-4142页

作者： WEN Fei1,2 & XU Lin1,3.1 Laboratory of Learning and Memory and Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the chinese academy of sciences, Kunming 650223. China 2 {3. university of the chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China 3.Mental Health Institute, the 2nd Hospital of Central South university, Changsha 410011, China Laboratory of Learning and Memory and Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms Kunming Institute of Zoology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming 650223 China graduate university of the chinese {3. of sciences Beijing 100049 China Mental Health Institute the 2nd Hospital of Central South University Changsha 410011 China

Studies on social isolation have provided evidence for an enhanced anxiety-like phenotype, depressive-like symptoms and higher levels of 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs); whereas sexual experience could induce significant changes in affective states, decrease anxiety-and depressive-like responses. However, the behavioral and emotional alterations in male rats exposed to isolation after sexual experience remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study examined anxiety-and depressive-like parameters, as well as USV emissions in male rats isolated for 1, 2, or 7 d following 1-week sexual (male-female paired housing) or social (male-male paired housing) interaction. Isolation for 1 d resulted in increased depressive-like symptoms, and 2-d isolation induced elevated anxiety-like behavior in sexually inexperienced rats, while rats with sexual experience exhibited comparable levels of emotionality at each isolation time. Moreover, isolated rats without sexual experience emitted less 22-and 50-kHz USVs, but sexually experienced rats exhibited similar affective states compared with control ones. These results suggested that prior sexual experience could have a modulatory effect on experimental rat emotional responses to isolation.

关键词：雄性大鼠情感状态焦虑抑郁行为情绪变化相互作用调节作用

An ID-based authenticated dynamic group key agreement with optimal round

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Science China(Information sciences) 2012年第11期55卷 2542-2554页

作者： TENG JiKai1,2,WU ChuanKun1 & TANG ChunMing3.1State Key Laboratory of Information Security,Institute of Software of chinese academy of sciences,{3. 100090,China 2graduate university of chinese academy of sciences,beijing 100049,China 3.aculty of Mathematic and Information Science,Guangzhou university,Guangzhou 510006,China 1. State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Software of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100090 China 2. graduate university of chinese {3. of sciences Beijing 100049 China 3. Faculty of Mathematic and Information Science Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China

Group key agreement protocols are crucial for achieving secure group *** are designed to provide a set of users with a shared secret key to achieve cryptographic goal over a public *** group membership changes,the session key should be refreshed efficiently and *** previous group key agreement protocols need at least two rounds to establish or refresh session *** this paper,a dynamic authenticated group key agreement(DAGKA) protocol based on identity-based cryptography is *** making use of the members' values stored in previous sessions,our Join and Leave algorithms reduce the computation and communication costs of *** the proposed protocol,Setup and Join algorithms need one *** session key can be refreshed without message exchange among remaining users in Leave algorithm,which makes the protocol more *** security is proved under decisional bilinear Diffie-Hellman(DBDH) assumption in random oracle model.

关键词： identity-based cryptography dynamic group key agreement provably secure admissible pairing

GIS-based Earthquake-Triggered Landslide Hazard Zoning Using Contributing Weight Model

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Journal of Mountain Science 2010年第4期7卷 339-352页

作者： WANG Meng Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment ChineseAcademy of Science Chengdu 610041 China graduate university of chinese{3. of sciences Belling 100049 China Key Laboratory of Geo-surface Process and Mountain Hazards Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Science Chengdu 610041 China

Earthquake-triggered landslides have aroused widespread attention because of their tremendous ability to harm people's lives and *** best way to avoid and mitigate their damage is to develop landslide hazard maps and make them available to the public in advance of an *** construction can then be built according to the level of hazard and existing structures can be retrofit as *** recent years various approaches have been made to develop landslide hazard maps using statistical analysis or physical ***,these methods have *** study introduces a new GIS-based approach,using the contributing weight model,to evaluate the hazard of seismically-induced *** this study,the city and surrounding area of Dujiangyan was selected as the research area because of its moderate-high seismic *** parameters incorporated into the model that related to the probability of landslide occurrence were:slope gradient,slope aspect,geomorphology,lithology,base level,surface roughness,earthquake intensity,fault proximity,drainage proximity,and road *** parameters were converted into raster data format with a resolution of 25×25m2 *** of the GIS correlations shows that the highest earthquake-induced landslide hazard areas are mainly in the hills and in some of the moderately steep mountainous areas of central *** highest hazard zone covers an area of 11.1% of the study area,and the density distribution of seismically-induced landslides was 3.025/km2 from the 2008 Wenchuan *** moderately hazardous areas are mainly distributed within the moderately steep mountainous regions of the northern and southeastern parts of the study area and the hills of the northeastern part;covering 3..0% of the study area and with a density distribution of 2.123.km2 resulting from the Wenchuan *** lowest hazard areas are mainly distributed in the topographically flat plain in the northeas

关键词： Earthquake-triggered landslide GIS Contributing weight model Hazard zoning

The principle of relativity, kinematics and algebraic relations

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2010年第4期53卷 591-597页

作者： GUO HanYing1, HUANG ChaoGuang2,3. WU HongTu4 & ZHOU Bin5 1Institute of Theoretical Physics, chinese academy of sciences, {3. 100190, China 2Institute of High Energy Physics, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China 3.heoretical Physics Center for Science Facilities, chinese academy of sciences, beijing 100049, China 4Department of Mathematics, Capital Normal university, {3. 100048, China 5Department of Physics, {3. Normal university, {3. 100875, China 1. Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China2. Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China3. Theoretical Physics Center for Science Facilities Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China4. Department of Mathematics Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China5. Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

Based on the relativistic principle and the postulate of universal invariant constants (c, l), all kinematic symmetries can be set up as the subsets of the Umov-Weyl-Fock-Hua transformations for the inertial motions. ... 详细信息

关键词： principle of relativity with (c l) Umov-Weyl-Fock-Hua transformations kinematics special relativity triple