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压裂方案经济优化的智能专家系统研究

石油学报 2004年第1期25卷 66-69页

作者：蒋廷学汪永利丁云宏孙平许泽君中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院中国地质大学北京100083 中国石油华北油田分公司勘探部成都理工大学四川成都610000

初步研究并建立了压裂方案经济优化的智能专家系统 ,其核心是遗传算法在压裂方案经济优选中的应用。该算法的突出特点是采用随机生成的方法 ,先形成几十个甚至几百个待选压裂方案 (每个压裂方案包含的各种设计参数各不相同 ) ,然后 ,综... 详细信息

初步研究并建立了压裂方案经济优化的智能专家系统 ,其核心是遗传算法在压裂方案经济优选中的应用。该算法的突出特点是采用随机生成的方法 ,先形成几十个甚至几百个待选压裂方案 (每个压裂方案包含的各种设计参数各不相同 ) ,然后 ,综合应用杂交和变异两种方法对诸压裂方案包括的诸多设计参数进行系统优化 ,经过多代遗传和变异后 ,最终可形成按经济净现值大小排序的压裂方案系列 ,从中可优选出最佳方案。此外 ,在智能专家系统中考虑到油价和利率在特定范围内的随机波动 ,因而是一个符合实际的理想模型。经现场压裂施工验证 ,取得了比常规压裂优化方法更为满意的效果。

关键词：专家系统遗传算法压裂方案经济优化杂交变异

Structural characteristics of the Tan-Lu fault zone in Cenozoic basins offshore the Bohai Sea

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Science china Earth Sciences 2008年第S2期51卷 20-31页

作者： QI JiaFu1,2,ZHOU XinHuai3.DENG RongJing4 & ZHANG KeXin2 1 State Key Laboratory of petroleum Resource and Prospecting,china petroleum University,Beijing 102249,china 2 Department of Earth Sciences,china petroleum University,Beijing 102200,china 3.Tianjin branch of CNOOC china Limited,Tianjin 3.0451,china 4 Beijing research Center of CNOOC china Limited,Beijing100027,china china Petr Univ State Key Lab Petr Resource & Prospecting Beijing 102249 Peoples R China china Petr Univ Dept Earth Sci Beijing 102200 Peoples R China CNOOC china Ltd Tianjin Branch Tianjin 300451 Peoples R China CNOOC china Ltd Beijing Res Ctr Beijing 100027 Peoples R China

The Tan-Lu fault zone across the eastern margin of the Cenozoic basins offshore the Bohai Sea is a NNE-trending right-lateral strike-slip fault system developed in the Cenozoic basin cover. It cuts through NE-to NNE-striking major extensional faults that controlled the formation of Paleogene basins. Recent petroleum exploration indicates that Cenozoic structural activities of the Tan-Lu fault system have directly or indirectly affected oil and gas distribution offshore the Bohai Sea. As part of a deep fault zone the Tan-Lu fault zone has been activated since the Oligocene,and obviously affected the tectonic evolution of offshore Bohai basins since then. The formation of Paleogene rift basins offshore the Bohai Sea has utilized the pre-existing structural elements of the Tan-Lu fault zone that developed in the late Mesozoic.

关键词： strike-slip fault extensional structure Tan-Lu fault zone Bohaiwan basin

Formation and evolution of the Chinese marine basins

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Science Bulletin 2007年第S1期 1-11页

作者： JIA ChengZao1, LI BenLiang2, 3. ZHANG XingYang3.& LI ChuanXin1 1 research institute of petroleum {3. and Development, petrochina, Beijing 100083. china 2 Resources and Information institute, china University of petroleum, Beijing 102249, china 3.Central Laboratory of petroleum Geology research, research institute of petroleum {3. and Development, Beijing 100083. china

There are plenty of petroleum resources in the Chinese marine basins, which will be the potential exploration regions of petroleum in the 21st century. The formation and evolution of the Chinese marine basins have mainly undergone two major tectonic epochs and five tectonic evolution stages. The first major tectonic epoch is the early Paleozoic plate divergence and drifting epoch during which the marine basins were formed, and the second one is the late Paleozoic plate convergence and collision epoch during which the pre-existent marine basins were superimposed and modified. The five tectonic evolution stages include: ① the drifting of micro-continental plates in Oceans and the formation of marine basins mainly filled with carbonate rocks during Proterozoic-Middle Carboniferous; ② the northward collage and convergence of continental plates and the development of the paralic sedimentary basins during Late Carboniferous-Middle Triassic; ③ the tectonically stabilized stage after the plate collage and the superimposition of lacustrine basins controlled by the inland subsidence during Late Triassic-Early Cretaceous; ④ the stage of the inland deformation and successive deep burial, uplifting, erosion or breakage of marine basins influenced by the plate tectonic activities of Neo-Tethys Ocean and the West Pacific developed in Late Cretaceous-Paleocene; ⑤ the stage of the foreland compression and basin-range coupling in the margin of the marine basins caused by the collision between India and Eurasia Plates and its long-distance effect since Neocene. The process of the tectonic evolution has controlled the petroleum geologic characteristics of Chinese marine basins, and a material foundation for the formation of oil and gas reservoirs has been built up via the formation of Paleozoic ma- rine basins, and the Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic superimposition and modification have controlled the key conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation and preservation. From the Late Proterozoic to

关键词： marine basin plate tectonics tectonics evolution petroleum exploration

Large pore volume mesoporous aluminum oxide synthesized via nano-assembly

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Science china Chemistry 2009年第12期52卷 2114-2124页

作者： WANG DingCong Fushun research institute of petroleum and Petrochemicals,{3. petroleum and Chemical Corporation (SINOPEC),Fushun 113.01,{3. 1. Fushun research institute of petroleum and Petrochemicals China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation (SINOPEC) Fushun 113001 China

A new nano-assembly approach has been proposed for the preparation of macropore volume mesoporous aluminum oxide supports. Secondary nano-assembly and a frame structure mechanism for large pore volume mesoporous supports have been proposed. In a primary nano-assembly supersoluble micelle,aluminum hydroxide nanoparticles were precipitated in situ in surfactants with a volume balance (VB) less than 1,followed by secondary nano-assembly in linear and cylindrical shapes. The secondary nano-assembly of cylindrical aluminum hydroxides was calcined to form nano cylindrical aluminum oxides. For the formation of macropore volume mesoporous supports,we utilized a frame structure mechanism of mesoporous support,in which the exterior surface of the carrier may not be continuous. This macropore volume support has been used for the hydrotreatment of a residual oil catalyst,which possesses the following physical characteristics:pore volume 1.8―2.7 mL·g-1,specific surface area 180―429 m2·g-1,average pore diameter 17―57 nm,average pore diameter more than 10 nm (81%―94%),porosity 87%―93.,and crush strength 7.7―25 N·mm-1.

关键词： pore volume mesopore aluminum oxide nano-assembly supersolubility pore size porosity

Transition from platemargin to intraplate environment: Geochemistry of basalts in Paleogene Liaohe basin, northeastern china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第12期48卷 2069-2080页

作者： WU Changzhi1, GU Lianxing1, REN Zuowei1,2, ZHANG Zunzhong1, CHEN Zhenyan2 & ZHAO Ming1 1. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit research (Nanjing University), Department of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. china 2. exploration and Development research institute of Liaohe Oilfield branch Company, petrochina, Panjin 124010, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposit research (Nanjing University) Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University 210093 Nanjing China 2. exploration and Development research institute of Liaohe Oilfield {3. Company PetroChina 124010 Panjin China

Paleogene basalts from the Liaohe basin, northeastern china, are dominated by alkaline olivine basalts and olivine basalts. These basalts are generally enriched in high field strength elements (HFSE), depleted in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) and comparable to those of typical ocean island basalts (OIB). Positive anomalies of Ba, Sr and Zr with high Nb/U, U/Pb, Ce/Pb and Zr/Hf ratios imply that materials from an oceanic crust had been added to the mantle sources of the basalts. In addition, the basalts are generally depleted in Sr, Nd and Pb isotopes, indicating that an enriched mantle (EMI) and a depleted mantle (DM) sources were added to the OIB-like resource. Comprehensive research on lithosphere evolution and tectonic setting of the Liaohe basin and surrounding areas suggests that these basalts were derived by variable degrees of partial melt-ing from an upwelling asthenosphere mantle. Materials from an oceanic lithosphere were added to the source in company with Paleogene tectonic transition from platemargin to intraplate envi-ronment. Retreating and steepening of the subducting Pacific oceanic plate could be the main cause for the tectonic environment transition.

关键词： geochemistry, basalt, Paleogene, Liaohe basin, North china Block, eastern china.

Application of C5-C13.light hydrocarbons in depositional environment diagnosis

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2008年第9期18卷 1129-1137页

作者： Peirong Wanga,b,, Guanjun Xu a,c, Tingrong Xiaoc, Dajiang Zhanga,c, Bin Zhanga,c a Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry, china National petroleum Corporation, Beijing 100083. china b Department of Organic Geochemistry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 43.023. china c Central Laboratory of petroleum Geology, research institute of petroleum exploration and Development, petrochina, Beijing 100083. china Key Laboratory of petroleum Geochemistry China National Petroleum Corporation Beijing 100083 China Department of Organic Geochemistry Yangtze University Jingzhou 434023 China Central Laboratory of petroleum Geology Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development PetroChina Beijing 100083 China

Based on the geological background and Gammacerane/C3.H(S + R) ratios, source rock depositional environments of the studied oil samples (194) from 13.oilfields were classified into three groups according to salinity:saline-lacustrine facies, fresh to brackish lacustrine facies (including limnetic facies), and semi-saline to saline facies (including marine facies of the Tarim Basin).C5-C13.compound groups in the crude oils were separated by GC, and about 286 compounds were qualitatively *** geochemical application of the C6-C13.compound groups and their ratios between each group with individual carbon number was *** studies show that (1) C6-C13.compound groups and their ratios in the crude oils could serve as new reliable parameters for oil-oil correlation because the C6-C13.light fractions are the major oil component, especially in light oil or condensate, in which they account for almost 90% of the whole oil;(2) the compound groups of C7 light hydrocarbons in oils derived from difierent depositional environments with difierent salinity have difierent characteristics;(3. C6-C13.compound groups and ratios may be afiected by other factors such as maturity, but they are mainly controlled by salinity of depositional waters.

关键词： Light hydrocarbons Crude oil Depositional environment Salinity

鄂尔多斯盆地白豹—华池地区延长组长6油层组沉积环境及成岩相分析

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天然气地球科学 2011年第5期22卷 796-806页

作者：王岚邹才能林潼刘伟中国石油勘探开发研究院北京100083 中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院河北廊坊065007

根据测井、岩心等资料综合分析恢复鄂尔多斯盆地白豹—华池地区的沉积环境,利用薄片资料分析储层物性特征及成岩相类型和分布。并在此基础上讨论沉积环境与成岩相的关系。研究认为研究区长6期发育河道型浅水三角洲前缘和与之伴生的深水... 详细信息

根据测井、岩心等资料综合分析恢复鄂尔多斯盆地白豹—华池地区的沉积环境,利用薄片资料分析储层物性特征及成岩相类型和分布。并在此基础上讨论沉积环境与成岩相的关系。研究认为研究区长6期发育河道型浅水三角洲前缘和与之伴生的深水滑塌成因重力流沉积,其中水下分流河道微相及深水砂质碎屑流沉积是砂体主要成因单元。储集砂体主要为长石砂岩和岩屑长石砂岩,物性较差,属于中低孔特低渗储层。储集空间是原生粒间孔、次生溶蚀孔和少量裂缝的组合。压实作用、溶解作用及胶结作用是影响储层物性的主要成岩作用。不同沉积单元砂体的成岩作用和物性不尽相同,其中三角洲前缘水下分流河道主要以弱压实—绿泥石胶结相为主,深水砂岩主要以长石溶蚀相为主,两者结合部位发育绿泥石胶结—长石溶蚀相,均为有利成岩相带。成岩相研究与沉积环境分析相结合能够更好地预测有利储层的分布。

关键词：鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组沉积环境成岩相低渗透储层

Hydrogen isotopic compositions, distributions and source signals of individual n-alkanes for some typical crude oils in Lunnan Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW china

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Science china Earth Sciences 2005年第8期48卷 1220-1226页

作者： LU Hong1, LI Chao1, SUN Yongge1, PENG Ping’an1 & XIAO Zhongyao2 1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou510640, china 2. Tarim research institute of exploration and Development of petroleum, china petroleum, Korla 841000, china 1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences 510640 Guangzhou China 2. Tarim research institute of exploration and Development of {3. China Petroleum 841000 Korla China

Isotopic compositions of carbon-bound hydrogen in individual n-alkanes from sev-eral typical crude oil samples from Lunnan Oilfield, Tarim Basin, NW china, were firstly measured using newly developed gas chromatography-thermal conversion-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The similar range of δ D of individual n-alkanes of crude oils among reservoirs of different geo-logical times reflects that hydrocarbons are all derived from the same marine depositional envi-ronment. Compared to the theoretic value (?150‰) and the reported δ D values (nC13.nC27, ?160‰―?90‰) of individual n-alkanes for Ordovician-sourced crude oils in the Canadian Wil-liston Basin, the hydrogen isotopic composition of individual n-alkanes in crude oils from Lunnan Oilfield is characterized by heavy hydrogen isotopic values (nC12―nC27, ?120‰―?60‰). In terms of the factors that control the fractionation of hydrogen isotopes, relatively saline deposi-tional environment and higher thermal maturation were attributed to the heavy δ D values of in-dividual n-alkanes in crude oils from Lunnan Oilfield.

关键词： hydrogen isotopes, individual n-alkanes, distribution, hydrocarbon source, Lunnan Oilfield.

Controlling the uncertainty in reservoir stochastic simulation

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petroleum Science 2010年第4期7卷 472-476页

作者： Cui Yong Chi Bo Chen Guo Ouyang Cheng Xia Bairu china University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China research institute of Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd. Heilongjiang 163712 China Geological exploration ＆ Development research institute PetroChina Chuanqing Drilling Engineering CompanyChengdu Sichuan 610051 China

Unexpected noise in reservoir stochastic simulation realization may be too high to make the realization useful, especially when there is a lack of hard data. Through discussing the uncertainties, we present two ways to control the uncertainty ratio that is brought by the algorithm of stochastic simulation. By reasonably reducing the random value of the stochastic simulation result, the unexpected values introduced by the residual that associates with random series can be controlled. Another way when the data disperse unevenly is to control the stochastic simulation order by grouping the points that need to be simulated to make those points which can be simulated by more neighborhood hard data calculated first. Both methods do not go against the core stochastic simulation algorithm.

关键词： Reservoir stochastic simulation hard data Kriging algorithm residual realization