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Murine fertilized ovum, blastomere and morula cells lacking SP phenotype

Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 762-765页

作者： XU YiXin1, HE ZhiYing2, ZHU HaiYing2, CHEN XueSong2, LI JianXiu2, ZHANG HongXia2, PAN XingHua3 & HU YiPing2 1 ChangZheng Hospital, affiliated to Second Military Medical university, Shanghai 200003, China 2 department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical university, Shanghai 200433, China 3 department of genetics, yale university school of medicine, new haven, ct 06519, usa 1. ChangZheng Hospital affiliated to Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200003 China 2. department of Cell Biology Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China 3. department of genetics Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT 06519 USA

In the field of stem cell research, SP (side population) phenotype is used to define the property that cells maintain a high efflux capability for some fluorescent dye, such as Hoechst 33342. Recently, many researches proposed that SP phenotype is a phenotype shared by some stem cells; some progenitor cells,; that SP phenotype is regarded as a candidate purification marker for stem cells. In this research, murine fertilized ova (including conjugate; single nucleus fertilized ova), 2-cell stage; 8-cell stage blastomeres, morulas; blastocysts were isolated; directly stained by Hoechst 33342 dye. The results show that fertilized ovum, blastomere; morula cells do not demonstrate any ability to efflux the dye. However, the inner cell mass (ICM) cells of blastocyst exhibit SP phenotype, which is consistent with the result of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro. These results indicate that the SP phenotype of ICM-derived ESCs is an intrinsic property; independent of the culture condition in vitro,; that SP phenotype is one of the characteristics of at least some pluripotent stem cells, but is not shared by totipotent stem cells. In addition, the result that the SP phenotype of ICM cells disappeared when the inhibitor verapamil was added into medium implies that the SP phenotype is directly associated with ABCG2. These results suggest that not all the stem cells demonstrate SP phenotype,; that SP phenotype might act as a purification marker for partial stem cells such as some pluripotent embryonic stem cells; multipotent adult stem cells, but not for all stem cells exampled by the totipotent stem cells in the very early stage of mouse embryos.

关键词： ABCG2/BCRP, stem cell, fertilized ovum, blastocyst, inner cell mass, embryonic stem cell, SP phenotype

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Murine Fertilized Ovum,Blastomere and Morula Cells Lacking SP Phenotype

Murine Fertilized Ovum,Blastomere and Morula Cells Lacking S...

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中国细胞生物学学会第九次会员代表大会暨青年学术大会

作者： Yi-Xin Xu~(1**) Zhi-Ying He~(2**) Hai-Ying Zhu~2 Xue-Song Chen~2 Jian-Xiu Li~2 Hong-Xia Zhang~2 Xing-Hua Pan~3 Yi-Ping Hu~2 1 Changzheng Hospital,Affiliated to Second Military Medical university,Shanghai 200003,China 2 department of Cell Biology,Second Military Medical university,Shanghai 200433,China 3 department of genetics,yale university school of medicine,new haven,ct 06519,usa **These authors with equal contribution

关键词： ABCG2/BCRP stem cell fertilized ovum blastocyst inner cell mass embryonic stem cell SP phenotype

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Inhaled nitric oxide and treatment of hypoxic respiratory failure

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 1997年第6期18卷 66-67页

作者： Richard A EHRENKRANZ (department of Pediatrics, yale university school of medicine, new haven ct, usa) departmentofPediatrics YaleUniversitySchoolofMedicineNewHavenCTUSA.

ＩｎｈａｌｅｄｎｉｔｒｉｃｏｘｉｄｅａｎｄｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｈｙｐｏｘｉｃｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｏｒｙｆａｉｌｕｒｅＲｉｃｈａｒｄＡＥＨＲＥＮＫＲＡＮＺ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｓ，ＹａｌｅＵｎｉｖｅ... 详细信息

ＩｎｈａｌｅｄｎｉｔｒｉｃｏｘｉｄｅａｎｄｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｈｙｐｏｘｉｃｒｅｓｐｉｒａｔｏｒｙｆａｉｌｕｒｅＲｉｃｈａｒｄＡＥＨＲＥＮＫＲＡＮＺ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＰｅｄｉａｔｒｉｃｓ，ＹａｌｅＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙＳｃｈｏｏｌｏｆＭｅｄｉ...

关键词： nitric oxide respiratory therapy neonatology clinical trials

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Finding the Mid-Path

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Wuhan university Journal of Natural Sciences 2001年第Z1期6卷 83-99页

作者： Alice E. Fischer department of Computer Science, university of new haven,West haven ct 06516,usa department of Computer Science University of New Haven West Haven USA

Computers have changed nearly every aspect of life in this world. Invented roughly fifty years ago, they now form the infrastructure on which government, business, and global communications rest. As our reliance on computers increases, so does the number and complexity of the applications and the number and quality of trained professionals that will be needed to support further progress. The United States already faces personnel shortages in some computer related jobs, including university teaching. In the face of this evident and increasing need, we must think clearly about out expectations for computing professionals of all sorts and the way they are trained. In the forty years that I have been in the field, the focus in industry has changed from programming to software development. A gulf is growing between the skills that students build at a university and the needs of industry. This paper examines the nature and extent of the problem and suggests a variety of ways to address it

关键词： curriculum gap internship professional competence professional training

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灵光独耀:沈宗灵与中国法理学

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中国法律评论 2024年第4期 149-154页

作者： Peking university Law school 北京大学法学院

在其诸多弟子的追忆中,沈宗灵先生一生专心治学、淡泊名利,由此常常对世事保持一种有意的疏离。“灵光独耀,迥脱根尘”,或许便是这位法理学大家的灵魂写照。壹“经国济民”:沈宗灵的早年岁月1923年2月24日,沈宗灵出生于浙江杭州的一个... 详细信息

在其诸多弟子的追忆中,沈宗灵先生一生专心治学、淡泊名利,由此常常对世事保持一种有意的疏离。“灵光独耀,迥脱根尘”,或许便是这位法理学大家的灵魂写照。壹“经国济民”:沈宗灵的早年岁月1923年2月24日,沈宗灵出生于浙江杭州的一个商人家庭,后随家人迁居上海。

关键词：沈宗灵淡泊名利法理学浙江杭州灵光

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Induction of inosine containing mRNA during the inflammatory stress in C57BL/6 mouse

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Science Bulletin 2003年第2期48卷 156-160页

作者： LUO Xiaoxing1, YANG Jinghua2 & R. Rabinovici2 1. department of Pharmacology, The Fourth Military Medical university, Xi抋n 710032, China 2. Section of Trauma and Critical Care, Surgery department, yale Uni-versity, school of medicine, new haven, ct 06521, usa department of Pharmacology The Fourth Military Medical University Xi’an China Section of Trauma and Critical Care Surgery Department Yale University School of Medicine New Haven USA

A-to-I RNA editing is a recently discovered process of post-transcription modification of pre-mRNA by adenosine deamination that results in the production of pro-teins not inherent in the genome. The present study aimed to identify a role for A-to-I RNA editing in the acute inflamma-tion. It was found that A-to-I edtiting activities of RNA edi-tases, ADARs, were upregulated in lung, spleen, thymus and lymph node of mouse during endotoxin stimulation. Impor-tantly, the number of inosine in poly(A) RNA isolated from mouse lung and spleen was significantly increased in corre-lating with the induction of ADARs?editing activity. The in vitro synthesized RNA which did not contain inosine was edited by thymus extracts and the generation of inosine was greatly increased after editing in LPS treated thymus extract. Take together, these data suggest that A-to-I RNA editing by ADARs may play an important role in pathogenesis of in-flammation. The existence of high level of I-mRNA also sug-gests that more protein isoforms might be generated from a single gene via adenosine deamination by ADARs during inflammatory stress.

关键词： RNA editing ADAR lipopolysaccharide adenosine inosine.

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A Simple Game for the Study of Trust in Distributed Systems

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Wuhan university Journal of Natural Sciences 2001年第Z1期6卷 72-82页

作者： Biography: Zoe Zoe Diamadi, Michael J. Fischer department of Computer Science, yale university, new haven ct 06520 8285,usa department of Computer Science Yale University New Haven CT 06520-8285 USA

Trust is an important aspect of the design and analysis of secure distributed systems. It is often used informally to designate those portions of a system that must function correctly in order to achieve the desired outcome. But it is a notoriously diffcult notion to formalize. What are the properties of trust? How is it learned, propagated, and utilized successfully? How can it be modeled? How can a trust model be used to derive protocols that are effcient and reliable when employed in today's expansive networks? Past work has been concerned with only a few of these issues, without concentrating on the need for a comprehensive approach to trust modeling. In this paper, we take a first step in that direction by studying an artificial community of agents that uses a notion of trust to succeed in a game against nature. The model is simple enough to analyze and simulate, but also rich enough to exhibit phenomena of real life interactive communities. The model requires agents to make decisions. To do well, the agents are informed by knowledge gained from their own past experience as well as from the experience of other agents. Communication among agents allows knowledge to propagate faster through the network, which in turn can allow for a more successful community. We analyze the model from both a theoretical and an experimental point of view.

关键词： agent algorithm artificial society trust

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new ancient DNA sequences suggest high genetic diversity for the woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius)

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2006年第4期16卷 379-386页

作者： YANG Shujuan, LAI Xulong, SHI Suhua, CHENG Shenghong, ZHOU Xiugao, YANG Xiujuan and YANG Hong department of Earth Science, China university of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China department of Life Science, Sun Yat-Sen university, Guangzhou 510275, China Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Heilongjiang Provincial Museum, Harbin 150001, China department of Sciences and Technology, College of Arts and Sciences, Bryant university, Smithfield, Rhode Island 02917, usa and department of Geology and Geophysics, yale university, new haven, ct 06520, usa [a]department of Earth Science China University of Geosciences Wuhan China [b]Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China [c]department of Life Sceince Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China [d]Heilongjiang Provincial Museum Harbin China [e]department of Sciences and Technology College of Arts and Sciences Bryant University Smithfield Rhode Island USA [f]department of Geology and Geophysics Yale University New Haven CT USA

Partial DNA sequences of cytochrome b gene (mtDNA) were successfully retrieved from Late Pleistocene fossil bone of Mammuthus primigenius collected from the Xiguitu County ( Yakeshi), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and from Zhaodong, Harbin of Heilongjiang Province in northern China. Two ancient DNA fragments (109 bp and 124 bp) were authenticated by reproducible experiments in two different laboratories and by phylogenetic analysis with other Elephantidae taxa. Phylogenetic analysis using these sequences and published data in either separate or combined datasets indicate unstable relationship among the woolly mammoth and the two living elephants, Elephas and Loxodonta . In addition to the short sequences used to attempt the long independent evolution of Elephantidae terminal taxa, we suggest that a high intra-specific diversity existed in Mammuthus primigenius crossing both spatial and temporal ranges, resulting in a complex and divergent genetic background for DNA sequences so far recovered. The high genetic diversity in the extinct woolly mammoth can explain the apparent instability of Elephantidae taxa on the molecular phylogenetic trees and can reconcile the apparent paradox regarding the unresolved Elephantidae trichotomy.

关键词： Mammuthus primigenius genetic diversity ancient DNA phylogenetic analysis.

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On conformal measures for infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomials

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Science China Mathematics 2005年第10期48卷 1411-1420页

作者： HUANG Zhiyong~1 JIANG Yunping~(2,3) & WANG Yuefei~3 1. school of Information,Renmin university of China,Beijing 100872,China 2. department of Mathematics,Queens College,City university of new York,NY 11367,usa department of Mathematics,Graduate school,City university of new York,new York,NY 10016,usa 3. Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100080,China 1. school of Information Renmin University of China 100872 Beijing China 2. department of Mathematics Queens College City University of New York 11367 NY USA 3. department of Mathematics Graduate School City University of New York 10016 New York NY USA 4. Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 100080 Beijing China

We study a conformal measure for an infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomial. We prove that the conformal measure is ergodic if the polynomial is unbranched and has complex bounds. The main technique we use in t... 详细信息

关键词： Julia set, conformal measure, three-dimensional puzzle, infinitely renormalizable quadratic polynomial.

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Signal transduction mediated by Bid, a pro-death Bcl-2 family proteins, connects the death receptor and mitochondria apoptosis pathways

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Cell Research 2000年第3期10卷 161-167页

作者： YIN XIAO-MING (department of Pathology, university of Pittsburgh school of medicine, 3550 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, usa) departmentofPathology UniversityofPittsburghSchoolofMedicinePA15261USA.xmyin@pitt.edu

Two major apoptosis pathways have been defined in mammalian cells, the Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor pathway and the mitochondria pathway. The Bcl-2 family proteins consist of both anti-apoptosis and pro- apoptosis members that regulate apoptosis, mainly by controlling the release of cytochrome c and other mitochondrial apoptotic events. However, death signals mediated by Fas/TNF-R1 receptors can usually activate caspases directly, bypassing the need for mitochondria and escaping the regulation by Bcl-2 family proteins. Bid is a novel pro-apoptosis Bcl-2 family protein that is activated by caspase 8 in response to Fas/TNF-R1 death receptor signals. Activated Bid is translocated to mitochondria and induces cytochrome c release, which in turn activates downstream caspases. Such a connection between the two apoptosis pathways could be important for induction of apoptosis in certain types of cells and responsible for the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases.

关键词： Apoptosis Bcl-2 family proteins Bid Fas TNF.

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