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Organic thin-film solar cells:Devices and materials

Science china chemistry 2012年第4期55卷 553-578页

作者： LI ZhiGang1, ZHAO XinYan2, LI Xin1,2, GAO ZhiQiang1, MI BaoXiu1 & HUANG Wei2 1Jiangsu engineering Centre for Flat-Panel Displays & Solid-state Lighting and school of Materials Science & engineering, nanjing university of Posts & Telecommunications, nanjing 210046, china 2Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), nanjing university of Posts & Telecommunications, nanjing 210046, china 1. Jiangsu engineering Centre for Flat-Panel Displays & Solid-state Lighting and school of Materials Science & engineering Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing 210046 China2. Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics & Information Displays (KLOEID) Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications Nanjing 210046 China

In recent years, the performance of organic thinfilm solar cells has gained rapid progress, of which the power conversion efficiencies （r/p） of 3%-5% are commonly achieved, which were difficult to obtain years ago and are improving steadily now. The r/p of 7.4% was achieved in the year 2010, and r/p of 9.2% was disclosed and confirmed at website of Mitsubishi chemical in April, 2011. The promising future is that the r/p of 10% is achievable according to simulation results. Apparently, these are attributed to material innovations, new device structures, and also the better understanding of device physics. This article summarizes recent progress in organic thinfilm solar cells related to materials, device structures and working principles. In the device functioning part, after each brief summary of the working principle, the methods for improvements, such as absorption increment, organic/electrode interface engineering, morphological issues, are addressed and summarized accordingly. In addition, for the purpose of increasing exciton diffusion efficiency, the benefit from triplet exciton, which has been proposed in recent years, is highlighted. In the active material parts, the chemical nature of materials and its impact on device performance are discussed. Particularly, emphasis is given toward the insight for better understanding device physics as well as improvements in device performance either by development of new materials or by new device architecture.

关键词： organic – solar cell – photovoltaic – devices – materials

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Molecular dynamics simulations on the structures and properties of ε-CL-20-based PBXs ——Primary theoretical studies on HEDM formulation design

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Science china chemistry 2007年第6期50卷 737-745页

作者： XU XiaoJuan1,2, XIAO JiJun1, HUANG Hui3, LI JinShan3 & XIAO HeMing1 1 Department of chemistry, nanjing university of Science and Technology, nanjing 210094, china 2 Department of chemistry, Yancheng Teacher’s College, Yancheng 224002, china 3 Institute of chemical Materials, china Academy of engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, china Department of chemistry Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of chemistry Yancheng Teacher''s CollegeYancheng 224002China Institute of chemical Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621900

Five polymer bonded explosives(PBXs)with the base explosive epsilon-CL-20(hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzi-tane),the most important high energy density compound(HEDC),and five polymer binders(Estane 5703,GAP,HTPB,PEG,and F_(2314))were *** dynamics(MD)method was employed to investigate their binding energies(E_(bind))20/PEG 20/ Estane5703 ≈ epsilon-CL-20/GAP 20/HTPB 20/F_(2314).By pair correlation function g(r)analyses,hydrogen bonds and vdw are found to be the main interactions between the two *** elasticity and isotropy of PBXs based epsilon-CL-20 can be obviously improved more than pure epsilon-CL-20 *** is not by changing the molecular structures of epsilon-CL-20 for each binder to affect the *** safety and energetic properties of these PBXs are mainly influenced by the thermal capability(C_p^(deg))and density(p)of binders,respectively.

关键词： high energy density material (HEDM), hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), polymer bonded explosives (PBXs), molecular dynamics (MD), compatibility, safety properties, mechanical properties, energetic properties

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Resonance Rayleigh scattering study of the interaction of bleomycinA_5 with nucleic acids and its analytical application

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Science china chemistry 2007年第5期50卷 629-637页

作者： LIU JiangTao1,2, LIU ZhongFang1 & LIU ShaoPu1 1 school of chemistry and chemical engineering, Southwest university, Chongqing 400715, china 2 Department of chemistry, Fuling Normal university, Chongqing 408000, china school of chemistry and chemical engineering Southwest UniversityChongqing400715China Department of chemistry Fuling Normal UniversityChongqing 408000China

The interaction of bleomycinA5 with nucleic acids has been investigated byusing resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS),molecular absorption and fluorescence *** resultshows that in near pH 2.2 buffer medium and absence of any metal ions,nucleic acids are capable ofbinding with bleomycinA5 (BLMA5) to form complexes which can remarkably enhance the RRS intensityand result in batho-chromic and hyperchromic molecular absorption of nucleic acids and fluorescencequenching of *** RRS spectral characteristics for the binding products of bleomycinA5with various DNA and RNA are similar,and the maximum RRS peaks are at 301 nm for ctDNA and sDNA,370nm for hsDNA,310 nm for RNAtypeVI and RNAtypelll,*** increments of RRS intensity aregreatly different in which DNA enhances greatly and RNA enhances *** this work,the optimumconditions of the interaction and some influencing factors have been *** reactionmechanism and a binding model for the interaction of BLMA5 with the nucleic acids are ***,a highly sensitive,simple and rapid new method for the determination of DNA has *** detection limits (3 sigma) are 5.7 ng/mL for ctDNA,7.4 ng/mL for sDNA and 9.2 ng/mLfor hsDNA,*** method can be applied to determination of trace amounts of DNA.

关键词： bleomycinA5, nucleic acids, resonance Rayleigh scattering, fluorescence quenching, absorption spectrum.

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The Reaction Of Metal Trialkyls With Benzo[H]Quinolin-10-ol

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Chinese chemical Letters 1999年第10期10卷 875-878页

作者： Xue Song WU Hong Sui SUN Yi PAN Hua Bing CHEN Xiang Zhen SUN(Department of chemistry, nanjing university, nanjing 210093) nanjing Univ Dept Chem Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China

The reaction of the trialkyl metals (R3M, R = Me, Et; M = Ga, In) with benzo[h]quinolin-10-ol (HO-BQ) in a 1:1 molar ratio gave intramolecular N coordinated complexes R2M-O-BQ (M = Ga, R = Me 1, Et 2) and (R2In-O-BQ)(2) (M = In, R = Et 3,) in 80-90% yield. The molecular structures of complexes 1 and 3 have been established by X-ray crystallography.

关键词： metal trialkyls gallium indium MOCVD precursors X-ray crystal structure

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Modifying NaY Zeolite with Metal Oxide by Microwave Irradiation:Influence on the Adsorption and Decomposition of N-nitrosamines

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Chinese chemical Letters 2000年第7期11卷 649-652页

作者： Li Li MA Bin SHEN Jian Hua ZHU Jia Rong XIA Qin Hua XU(chemistry Department, nanjing university, nanjing 210093) nanjing Univ Dept Chem Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China

Coating *** ZrO2 on zeolite NaY accelerated decomposition of N-nitrosodimethylamine and N-nitrosopyrrolidine, resulting from variation of the surface state such as generation of basic sites.

关键词： zeolite NaY MgO ZrO2 N-nitrosamines cigarette smoke

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Controlled synthesis and magnetic properties of Fe_3O_4 walnut spherical particles and octahedral microcrystals

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Science china(Technological Sciences) 2008年第11期51卷 1911-1920页

作者： JIAO Hua1,2 & YANG HeQing1 1 Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, school of chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal university, Xi’an 710062, china 2 Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, Weinan Teachers university, Wei nan 714000, china Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Materials Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an 710062 China Department of chemistry and chemical engineering Weinan Teachers University Wei nan 714000 China

Magnetite Fe3O4 walnut spherical particles and octahedral microcrystals were suc- cessfully synthesized from K4 [Fe (CN) 6], K3 [Fe (CN) 6] and NaOH reagents via a simple hydrothermal process. And the uniform morphology of octahedral micro- crystals was obtained in the presence of ethylene glycol. The morphology and structure of products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the Fe3O4 walnut spherical particles and octahedral microcrystals were single crystals with the face-center cubic structure and with size distributions from 2.2 to 8.6 μm and 1.6 to 12.5 μm, respectively. Their magnetic properties were detected by a vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature. The walnut spherical parti- cles exhibited a ferromagnetic behavior with the coercive force (Hc), saturation magnetization (Ms) and remanent magnetization (Mr) being 150.57 Oe, 97.634 and 12.05 emu/g, respectively. For the octahedral microcrystals they were 75.28 Oe, 101.90 and 6.69 emu/g, respectively. Different sizes of walnut spherical particles were controlled synthesized through adjusting the NaOH concentration. It was found that ethylene glycol molecules have a significant effect on the formation of Fe3O4 octahedra. A possible mechanism was also proposed to account for the growth of these Fe3O4 products

关键词： a hydrothermal route Fe3O4 walnut spherical particles octahedral microcrystals magnetic property

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NEW SOLID BASE DERIVED FROM AIPO4-5 SUPPORTED KF

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Chinese chemical Letters 1996年第7期7卷 671-674页

作者： Jian Hua ZHU Qin Hug XU Hideshi HATTORI(chemistry Department, nanjing university.nanjing 210093,china.)(Centre for Advanced Research of Energy Technology, Hokkaido university,Sapporo 060.Japan) chemistry Department Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China Ctr. for Adv. Res. of Ener. Technol. Hokkaido University Sapporo 060 Japan

Dispersion of KF on AlPO4-5 molecular sieve created basic sites and caused 1654 cm- band of bidentate carbonate in CO2 *** pre-treated above 823K. 5%KF/AlPO4-5exhibited basic catalytic activity in the isomerization of... 详细信息

关键词： NEW SOLID BASE DERIVED FROM AIPO4-5 SUPPORTED KF

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Thermal oxide synthesis and characterization of Fe_3O_4 nanorods and Fe_2O_3 nanowires

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Science china chemistry 2009年第5期52卷 599-604页

作者： JIAO Hua1,2 & YANG HeQing1 1 Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, school of chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi Normal university, Xi’an 710062, china 2 Department of chemistry and chemical engineering, Weinan Teacher’s university, Weinan 714000, china 1. Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province School of Chemistry and Materials Science Shaanxi Normal University Xi’an 710062 China 2. Department of chemistry and chemical engineering Weinan Teacher’s University Weinan 714000 China

Fe3O4 nanorods and Fe2O3 nanowires have been synthesized through a simple thermal oxide reaction of Fe with C2H2O4 solution at 200-600℃ for 1 h in the air. The morphology and structure of Fe3O4 nanorods and Fe2O3 nanowires were detected with powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The influence of temperature on the morphology development was experimentally investigated. The results show that the polycrystals Fe3O4 nanorods with cubic structure and the average diameter of 0.5-0.8 μm grow after reaction at 200-500℃ for 1 h in the air. When the temperature was 600℃, the samples completely became Fe2O3 nanowires with hexagonal structure. It was found that C2H2O4 molecules had a significant effect on the formation of Fe3O4 nanorods. A possible mechanism was also proposed to account for the growth of these Fe3O4 nanorods.

关键词： thermal oxide process nanorods nanowires C2H2O4 iron sheet

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Investigation of the Buffering Function of Aluminum being in Equilibrium with the Mineral Kaolinite in Acidic Natural Water

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Chinese chemical Letters 2000年第7期11卷 655-658页

作者： Feng LIU Shu Ping BI Ning GAN(Department of chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse,nanjing university, nanjing 210093) nanjing Univ Dept Chem State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse Nanjing 210093 Peoples R China

This paper presents a computer model to investigate the buffering function of aluminum being in equilibrium with mineral kaolinite in acidic natural water. Factors affecting the theoretical pH values are discussed. Th... 详细信息

关键词： kaolinite aluminum buffering function

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Studies on the Electrochemistry of Dopamine at a Pyrocatechol Sulfonephthalein Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

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chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2000年第1期16卷 42-48页

作者： CAI Chen-xin and XUE Kuan-hong (Department of chemistry, nanjing Normal university, nanjing 210097, P. R. china) nanjing Normal Univ Dept Chem Nanjing 210097 Peoples R China

The electrochemical response of dopamine(DA) at a pyrocatechol sulfonephthalein modified glassy carbon(PS/GC) electrode is reported. The electrode can be used as a detector for the determination of dopamine with a high stability and a good sensitivity. The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that there was a couple of well-defined redox peaks for dopamine at the PS/GC electrode with E_(pa)= 220 mV, E_(pc)=95 mV and the formal potential E^(o')= 157. 5 mV(vs. SCE) at 100 mV/s in the buffer solution of pH 7. 0. The PS/GC electrode can also be used to separate the electrochemical responses of ascorbic acid and DA by 54 mV with the differential pulse voltammetry. Under the selected conditions, the oxidation peak currents are linear with DA concetration in the range of 5. 0 × 10^(-6) to 5. 0 × 10^(-4) mol/L, and the detection limit is 1. 0 ×10^(-6) mol/L at S/N=3. Normalized with concentration, the relative sensitivity of dopamine to ascorbic acid reaches ca. 30. 8: 1.

关键词： chemically modified electrode Neurotransmitter Dopamine Ascorbic acid Pyrocatechol sulfonephthalein

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