检索结果-南通市图书馆

Detection and formation mechanism of micro-defects in ultrafine pitch Cu-Cu direct bonding

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Physics B 2016年第1期25卷 802-808页

作者：刘子玉蔡坚王谦陈瑜 Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China tsinghua national {2. for information science and Technology Beijing 100084China

In this paper, Cu-Cu interconnects with ultrafine pad pitches of 6 p.m, 8 p.m, and 15 p.m are implemented on the 12.inch wafers by a direct bonding process. Defects are not found by traditional non-destructive （NDT） c-mode scanning acoustic microscopy （c-SAM）. However, cross sectional observation of bonding interfaces reveals that micro-defects such as micro seams are located at SiO2.bonding interfaces. In order to examine the micro-defects in the ultra-fine pitch direct bonding process by the NDT technology, a novel ＂defect-enlarged approach＂ is proposed. The bonded dies are first annealed in an N2.oven at 300 ℃ for a few hours and then cooled quickly in air. The c-SAM scanning images show large defects at the place where nothing can be detected by c-SAM before this treatment. Cross sectional observation of the bonding interfaces indicates that these defects consist of large size micro seams at the SiO2.bonding interface, especially near Cu pads with an ultrafine pitch of 6μm. However, these large defects disappear after several hours at room temperature, observed by c-SAM. It is inferred that the disappearance of these defects inspected by the ＂defect-enlarged approach＂ results from the combination of intrinsic micro seams and ＂weak＂ bonds in the silicon oxide layer. Then the underlying physical mechanism of these micro-defects is proposed, which is influenced by Cu pad surface topology and bonding models.

关键词： nondestructive testing of materials microscopy acoustical surface and interface

A TTCN-3-based protocol testing system and its extension

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

science in China(Series F) 2008年第11期51卷 1703-1722页

作者： YIN Xia1,3,WANG ZhiLiang2.3,JING ChuanMing1,3 & SHI XinGang2.3 1 Department of Computer science and Technology,tsinghua {2.,Beijing 100084,China 2.Network Research Center,tsinghua {2.,Beijing 100084,China 3 tsinghua national laboratory for information science and Technology(TNList) ,Beijing 100084,China Department of Computer science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China tsinghua national {2. for information science and Technology (TNList) Beijing China Network Research Center Tsinghua University Beijing China

The protocol testing technology used in the next generation Internet should satisfy some new challenges and requirements. This paper focuses on the test suite description and test implementation techniques. TTCN-3 is chosen as the test suite description language and extended in both syntax and semantics to satisfy the requirements of protocol robustness testing. PITSv3, a protocol integrated testing system based on TTCN-3, is developed, and the extensions for robustness testing are implemented. Finally, two practical test applications are presented.

关键词： protocol testing TTCN-3 PITSv3 robustness testing

Learning interactions among multi-channel sequences with dynamical influence models

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

science China(information sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 1336-1344页

作者： ZHANG WeiDong, CHEN Feng & XU WenLi Department of Automation, national laboratory for {2. science and Technology, tsinghua university, Beijing 100084, China Department of Automation National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

Many real applications involve simultaneous recording and analysis of multi-channel information sources. Learning and modeling the interactions among channels is the kernel step to analyze and recognize system characteristics. This paper presents a model that learns the dynamical influence among multi-channel sequences. The model, dynamical influence model, permits functional roles of individual channels to change and models the changing influence strength between channels. By querying the values of influence factors, we can recognize the functional role of each channel qualitatively and learn about to what extent the chains influence each other quantitatively at any time. The experimental results on synthetic data and application of multi-person interaction recognition show that our model is reliable and effective.

关键词： multi-channel processing dynamical interaction influence model activity recognition

An N/4 fixed-point duality quantum search algorithm

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

中国科学：物理学、力学、天文学英文版 2010年第9期53卷 1765-1768页

作者： HAO Liang1,LIU Dan2.& LONG GuiLu1,3 1Key laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences and Department of Physics,{2. university,Beijing 100084,China 2.chool of sciences,Dalian nationalities university,Dalian 116600,China 3{2. national laboratory for information science and Technology,Beijing 100084,China Key laboratory for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences and Department of Physics Tsinghua University Beijing China School of sciences Dalian Nationalities University Dalian China tsinghua national {2. for information science and Technology Beijing China

Here a fixed-point duality quantum search algorithm is *** algorithm uses iteratively non-unitary operations and measurements to search an unsorted *** the marked item is found,the algorithm stops *** algorithm uses a constant non-unitary operator,and requires N/4 steps on average(N is the number of data from the database) to locate the marked *** implementation of this algorithm in a usual quantum computer is also demonstrated.

关键词： fixed-point search algorithm duality quantum computing the N4 duality search algorithm

A new DSmT combination rule in open frame of discernment and its application

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

science China(information sciences) 2012年第3期55卷 551-557页

作者： WEN ChengLin1, XU XiaoBin1,2., JIANG HaiNa1 & ZHOU Zhe1 1School of Automation, Hangzhou DianZi university, Hangzhou 310018, China 2.epartment of Automation and tsinghua {2. laboratory for information science and Technology, tsinghua university, Beijing 100049, China School of Automation Hangzhou DianZi University Hangzhou China Department of Automation and tsinghua national {2. for information science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China

A new combination rule based on Dezert-Smarandache theory (DSmT) is proposed to deal with the conflict evidence resulting from the non-exhaustivity of the discernment frame. A two-dimensional measure factor in Dempster-Shafer theory (DST) is extended to DSmT to judge the conflict degree between evidence. The original DSmT combination rule or new DSmT combination rule can be selected for fusion according to this degree. Finally, some examples in simultaneous fault diagnosis of motor rotor are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed combination rule.

关键词： DSmT rule of combination open frame of discernment evidence conflict simultaneous faults diagnosis generalized basic probability assignment

Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy and its artifacts:simulations and tests

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第3期48卷 336-344页

作者： MENG Fanbo 1 , CHEN Bo 1 , LIU Guang 1 , DING Jianying 1 & MA Hui 2.1 1. Department of Physics and Key laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Nano sciences, Ministry of Educa- tion,{2., Beijing 100084, China 2. Graduate School at Shenzhen,{2., Shenzhen 518055, China Department of Physics and Key laboratory of Atomic and Molecular Nano sciences Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing China Graduate School at Shenzhen Tsinghua University Shenzhen China

Fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy (FFS) technique is capable of monitoring changes in concentration, mass, size and structure of fluorescent-labeled bio-molecules in microscopic volume and is suitable for measuring biological interactions in living cells. FFS data may be affected by many experimental factors in complicated biological systems. Using a Monte Carlo approach, we generate fluorescence fluctuation data for different experimental systems. This approach helps to separate the contributions by different experimental factors in a complicated fluorescence fluctuation spectrum. It also helps to validate new theoretical models and new fitting formulations. We describe the algorithm of the simulation program and tests on its statistical performance. The program is then used successfully to study the effects of several experimental factors on FFS detection.

关键词： fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, Monte Carlo simulation.

Experimental realization of quantum cryptography communication in free space

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2005年第2期48卷 237-246页

作者： WANG Chuan1, ZHANG Jingfu1, WANG Pingxiao1, DENG Fuguo1, AI Qing1 & LONG Guilu1,2.1. Department of Physics, Key laboratory for Quantum information and Measurements, {2. Univer- sity, Beijing 100084, China 2. Center for Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences, tsinghua university, Beijing 100084, China Department of Physics Key Laboratory for Quantum Information and Measurements Tsinghua University Beijing China Atomic and Molecular Nanosciences Tsinghua University Beijing China

Utilizing linear optical devices, the principle of B92.quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol is demonstrated in free space with a distance of transmission of 2.2.meters. The faint laser pulses with 650 nm wavelength are used as the single photon sources. The experimental results show that the eavesdropping behavior in the signal transmission can be detected. We also discuss the problems and solutions in using the quantum cryptography communication practically. It is pointed out that one of the approaches to increasing the distance of the quantum communication is to overcome the attenuation of the single photon in transmission. This could not be solved by the use of single photon source, and new quantum communication protocols are needed to solve these problems.

关键词： quantum key distribution, free space, linear optics, faint pulses.

Fuzzy tolerance quotient spaces and fuzzy subsets

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

science China(information sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 704-714页

作者： ZHANG Ling1 & ZHANG Bo2.3,4* 1Computer science & Technology College, Anhui university, Anhui 2.0039, China 2.tate Key {2. of Intelligent Technology and Systems, Beijing 100084, China 3tsinghua national {2. of information science & Technology, Beijing 100084, China 4information science & Technology College, Computer science & Technology Department, tsinghua university, Beijing 100084, China Computer science & Technology College Anhui University Anhui China State Key laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems Beijing China tsinghua national {2. of information science & Technology Beijing China information science & Technology College Computer Science & Technology Department Tsinghua University Beijing China

The structure and characteristic of fuzzy subsets are discussed by using the concepts of granulation and hierarchy in quotient space theory. First, the equivalence relation based quotient space theory is extended to the fuzzy tolerance relation. Second, the isomorphism and its discriminant of fuzzy tolerance relations are discussed. Finally, by using the fuzzy tolerance relation to define the fuzzy subset, its properties are addressed. The main results are given below: (1) several equivalent statements of fuzzy tolerance relations; (2. the definition of isomorphism of fuzzy tolerance relations; (3) the isomorphic discriminant of fuzzy tolerance relations; (4) the definition and properties of fuzzy subsets based on the fuzzy tolerance relations; and (5) the necessary and sufficient condition of the isomorphism of fuzzy subsets. These results will help us further comprehend the concepts of fuzzy tolerance relations and fuzzy subsets.

关键词： Fuzzy tolerance relation quotient space isomorphism fuzzy subset

Generalized gradient projection neural networks for nonsmooth optimization problems

在线全文

同方期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

science China(information sciences) 2010年第5期53卷 990-1005页

作者： LI GuoCheng 1 , SONG ShiJi 2.? & WU Cheng 2.1 Department of Mathematics, Beijing information science and Technology {2., Beijing 100192. China 2.Department of Automation, tsinghua university, Beijing 100084, China Department of Mathematics Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing China Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing China

Generalized gradient projection neural network models are proposed to solve nonsmooth convex and nonconvex nonlinear programming problems over a closed convex subset of R n . By using Clarke’s generalized gradient, the neural network modeled by a differential inclusion is developed, and its dynamical behavior and optimization capabilities both for convex and nonconvex problems are rigorously analyzed in the framework of nonsmooth analysis and the differential inclusion theory. First for nonconvex optimization problems, the quasi convergence results similar to those achieved by previous work are proved. For convex optimization problems, the global convergence results are proved, i.e. any trajectory of the neural network converges to an asymptotically stable equilibrium point, which is an optimal solution of the primal problem whenever it exists. This result remains valid even if the initial condition is chosen outside the feasible set. In addition, an asymptotic control result involving a Tykhonov like regularization shows that any trajectory of the revised neural network can be forced to converge toward a particular optimal solution of the primal problem. Finally, two simulation optimization algorithms for solving the optimization and control problems are designed respectively, and three typical simulation experiments are illustrated to present the accuracy and efficiency of theoretical convergence results of this paper.

关键词： nonsmooth optimization problem generalized gradient projection networks differential inclu sions convergence