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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第16期42卷 1932-1936页

作者： Editorial office of Chinese Journal of Chemistry 不详

Editorial Board Member of *** ***,College of Materials Science and Engineering beijing University of Chemical ***:2.06-2.10,B.S.,Materials Science and Engineering,beijing University of Chemical Technology.2.10-2.15,Ph... 详细信息

关键词： Spotlight Editorial Board

Control of atmospheric CO_2.concentrations by 2.50: A calculation on the emission rights of different countries

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Science china Earth Sciences 2009年第10期52卷 1447-1469页

作者： DING ZhongLi1, DUAN XiaoNan2. GE QuanSheng3 & ZHANG ZhiQiang4 1 Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china {2. general office of Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100864, china 3 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 100101, china 4 The Lanzhou Branch of the National Science Library, the Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment, Lanzhou 730000, china Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China The general office of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100864 China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy

This paper is to provide quantitative data on some critical issues in anticipation of the forthcoming international negotiations in Denmark on the control of atmospheric CO2.concentrations. Instead of letting only a small number of countries dominate a few controversial dialogues about emissions reductions, a comprehensive global system must be established based on emissions allowances for different countries, to realize the long-term goal of controlling global atmospheric CO2.concentrations. That a system rooted in "cumulative emissions per capita," the best conception of the "common but differentiated responsibilities" principle affirmed by the Kyoto Protocol according to fundamental standards of fairness and justice, was demonstrated. Based on calculations of various countries' cumulative emissions per capita, estimates of their cumulative emissions from 1900 to 2.05, and their annual emissions allowances into the future (2.06―2.50), a 470 ppmv atmospheric CO2.concentration target was set. According to the following four objective indicators―total emissions allowance from 1900 to 2.50, actual emissions from 1900 to 2.05, emissions levels in 2.05, and the average growth rate of emissions from 1996 to 2.05―all countries and regions whose population was more than 300000 in 2.05 were divided into four main groups: countries with emissions deficits, countries and regions needing to reduce their gross emissions, countries and regions needing to reduce their emissions growth rates, and countries that can maintain the current emissions growth rates. Based on this proposal, most G8 countries by 2.05 had already expended their 2.50 emissions allowances. The accu-mulated financial value based on emissions has reached more than 5.5 trillion US dollars (2. dollars per ton of CO2.. Even if these countries could achieve their ambitious emissions reduction targets in the future, their per capita emissions from 2.06 to 2.50 would still be much higher than those of developing coun

关键词： international negotiations on climate change cumulative emissions per capita emission allowance

Corrosion and electrochemical behavior of as-cast Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr magnesium alloys in 5%NaCl aqueous solution

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2011年第4期21卷 314-321页

作者： Xin ZHANG~(1,2.3),Kui ZHANG~1,Xing-gang LI~1,Cong WANG~4,Hong-wei LI~(2.3),Chang-shun WANG~(2.3),Xia DENG~1 1.State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and Processing of Nonferrous Metals, beijing general Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals,beijing 100088,china 2.beijing Engineering Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing and Evaluation of Special Vehicle Parts,beijing 100072.china 3.Institute of Technology,beijing North Vehicle Group Corporation,beijing 100072.china 4.Fengtai Military Representative office,beijing Military Representative office,PLA,beijing 100072.china [a] State Key Laboratory for Fabrication and Processing of Nonferrous Metals Beijing General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing 100088 China [b] beijing Engineering Research Center for Advanced Manufacturing and Evaluation of Special Vehicle Parts Beijing 100072 China [c] Institute of Technology Beijing North Vehicle Group Corporation Beijing 100072 China [d] Fengtai Military Representative office Beijing Military Representative Office PLA Beijing 100072 China

The corrosion mechanism of the as-cast Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr magnesium alloy immersed in 5%NaCl aqueous solution was investigated by electrochemical test and *** electrochemical results indicate that the corrosion resistance of Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy in 5%NaCl aqueous solution gradually deteriorates with immersion time increasing from 2.h,2. h,60 h,to 108 h,which is consistent with the SEM observation of corrosion *** Cl-anion leads to the initiation and development of the corrosion pits,and Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr alloy exhibits filiform type of attack under significant anodic control of magnesium solution *** corrosion potential becomes noble with increasing immersion time.

关键词： magnesium alloys Mg-5Y-7Gd-1Nd-0.5Zr corrosion electrochemical behavior

北京市统计局国家统计局北京调查总队关于印发《北京市统计行政处罚裁量基准》的通知(京统发[2.2.]103号)

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北京市人民政府公报 2024年第19期 54-71页

作者： 1.北京市统计局 2.国家统计局北京调查总队北京市统计局国家统计局北京调查总队

市局所属各单位、总队各处室,各区统计局、经济社会调查队,北京经济技术开发区经济发展局、经济社会调查队,国家统计局各区调查队:根据《国家统计局关于进一步规范统计行政处罚裁量基准制定的指导意见》(国统字[2.2.]117号)要求,北京市... 详细信息

市局所属各单位、总队各处室,各区统计局、经济社会调查队,北京经济技术开发区经济发展局、经济社会调查队,国家统计局各区调查队:根据《国家统计局关于进一步规范统计行政处罚裁量基准制定的指导意见》(国统字[2.2.]117号)要求,北京市统计局、国家统计局北京调查总队结合北京统计调查工作及经济社会发展实际,对《北京市统计行政处罚裁量基准(2.2.年版)》进行了修订,并经北京市统计局第54次党组会议和国家统计局北京调查总队第38次党组会议审议通过。现将《北京市统计行政处罚裁量基准》印发给你们,请认真执行。

关键词：裁量基准党组会议国家统计局经济发展局北京经济技术开发区经济社会调查通知印发

An airborne microwave radiometer and measurements of cloud liquid water

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2003年第S2期48卷 82-87页

作者： LEI Hengchi, JIN Dezhen, WEI Chong & SHEN Zhilai 1. Institute of Atmospheric Physice, Chinese Academy of Sciences, beijing 10002., china 2. Jilin Weather Modification {2., Changchun 130062. china Chinese Acad Sci Inst Atmospher Phys Beijing 100029 Peoples R China Jilin Weather Modificat Off Changsha 130062 Peoples R China

A single-channel (9.5 mm) airborne microwaveradiometer with one antenna is developed. The retrievalmethods and primary observation results of cloud liquidwater and super-cooled cloud liquid water are discussed. Theaircraft experiments show that the cloud liquid water andsuper-cooled liquid water can be sensitively monitored atsome level of accuracy by the radiometer. The results ofcloud liquid water content are reasonable and correspondwell with the surface radar echo intensity. The design of theairborne radiometer and its retrieval methods are feasible,giving it application value.

关键词： airhorne microwave radiometer microwave remote-sensing retrieval methods calibration methods cloud liquid water super-cooled liquid.

Constraints on smoothness parameter and dark energy using observational H(z) data

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2011年第2期11卷 125-136页

作者： Hao-Ran Yu1,Tian Lan1,Hao-Yi Wan2.Tong-Jie Zhang1,3 and Bao-Quan Wang4 1 Department of Astronomy,beijing Normal University,beijing 100875,{2. 2.Business office,beijing Planetarium,beijing 100044,{2. 3 Center for High Energy Physics,Peking University,beijing 100871,{2. 4 Department of Physics,Dezhou University,Dezhou 2.302.,{2. Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China Business office Beijing Planetarium Beijing 100044 China Center for High Energy Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 China Department of Physics Dezhou University Dezhou 253023 China

With large-scale homogeneity,the universe is locally inhomogeneous,clustering into stars,galaxies and larger *** property is described by the smoothness parameter α which is defined as the proportion of matter in the form of intergalactic *** we consider the inhomogeneities over a small scale,there should be modifications of the cosmological distances compared to a homogenous *** and Roeder developed a second-order ordinary differential equation（D-R equation） that describes the angular diameter distance-redshift relation for inhomogeneous cosmological ***,we may obtain the D-R equation for observational H（z） data（OHD）.The density-parameter ΩM,the state of dark energy ω,and the smoothness-parameter α are constrained by a set of OHD in a spatially flat XCDM universe as well as a spatially flat XCDM *** using a χ2.minimization method,we get α = 0.81＋0.19-0.2. and ΩM = 0.32.0.12.0.06 at the 1σ confidence *** we assume a Gaussian prior of ΩM = 0.2. ± 0.1,we get α = 0.93＋0.07-0.19 and ΩM = 0.31＋*** the XCDM model,α is constrained to α≥ 0.80 but ω is weakly constrained around-1,where ω describes the equation of state of the dark energy（pX = ωρX）.We conclude that OHD constrains the smoothness parameter more effectively than the data of SNe Ia and compact radio sources.

关键词： cosmology -- dark energy -- cosmological parameters

Slope Reinforcement for Housing in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

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Journal of Mountain Science 2011年第2期8卷 314-320页

作者： WU Faquan LUO Yuanhua CHANG Zhonghua Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China office of Three Gorges Project Construction Committee the State Council of China Beijing 100038 China

The Three Gorges Project of the Yangtze River is the largest hydropower-complex project under construction in the world. Under the largescale relocation projects, 2.74 engineered slopes are formed along with the construction of new towns. In this paper, the cutting slopes are mainly soil slopes and rock slopes. Soil slopes include residual soil slopes, colluvial accumulation slopes, swelling soil slopes, and artificial earth fill slopes, etc. Rock slopes include blocky structure rock slopes, layer structure rock slopes, and clastic structure rock slopes, etc. Varied protection measures have been used for slope protection in the reservoir area including shotcrete concrete-anchor bars, frame beams, retaining walls, slope stabilizing piles, sheet-pile walls, anchorage anti-shear tunnels, flexible protection grids, and drainage, etc. Besides, slope deformation monitoring systems have been set up to monitor deformation failure and the stability state of slopes. The protection measures have guaranteed slope safety and maintained a harmony with the urban environment and surrounding landscape.

关键词： Slope reinforcement Housing for resettlement Three Gorges Reservoir

On the major proposals for carbon emission reduction and some related issues

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Science china Earth Sciences 2010年第12期53卷 159-172页

作者： DING ZhongLi1,DUAN XiaoNan2.GE QuanSheng3 & ZHANG ZhiQiang4 1 CAS Key Lab of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 10002.,china {2. general office of Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100864,china 3 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,beijing 100101,china 4 The Lanzhou Branch of the National Science Library,Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment of CAS,Lanzhou 730000,china 1. CAS Key Lab of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China2. The General Office of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100864 China3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China4. The Lanzhou Branch of the National Science Library Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment of CAS Lanzhou 730000 China

We evaluated and ran simulations for seven proposals for the reduction of global CO2.emissions (e.g.,those of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),United Nations Development Program,and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development).All the proposals ignored the fact that the cumulative CO2.emissions per capita for developed countries were 7.54 times those for developing countries in the historical period of *** proposals further deliberately allocate 2.06-2.50 emission quotas to developed countries that are 2.3-6.7 times those to developing *** will seriously violate the development rights of developing *** paper clearly states that proposals such as that of the IPCC are not suitable references for future international climate change negotiations as they violate the fundamentals of fairness and equity in international relationships and the UNFCCC principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities".Comparing estimates of emissions in china in the scenario of rapid development with low-CO2.emission technology in the period 2.06-2.50 with estimates for other countries and groups,we find that china can logically and morally argue for equivalent emission rights even in the case of the strict CO2.concentration target of 450-470 ppmv.

关键词： CO2 emission reduction cumulative CO2 emission per capita emission rights

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On-Grid Tariff in china——History, Current Situation, and Proposed Reform

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Electricity 2011年第4期22卷 17-21页

作者： Zhou Haiyan 1 and Li Lianglin 2.1. Hunton & Williams beijing Representative office 2. State Grid Corporation of{2.

This article introduces the history of the reform of on-grid tariff in china, the current status of and currently adopted mechanisms related to on-grid tariffs of coal-fired and renewable energy power generation facilities. The article further discusses the proposed and on-going reform and restructure in the electricity price sector, and the trial reforms in regional electricity markets.

关键词： on-grid tariff electricity price bidding price for grid access reform of electricity industry