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A measure for spatial heterogeneity of vegetation in the Center of Inner Mongolia

Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2008年第3期18卷 289-295页

作者： Baimin Songa,b, Daming Huangc,d, Renqing Wanga, Shiyomi Masae d, Fei Xua, Wei Wanga, Gaosheng Zhanga, Xianqiang Zhanga, Jian Qiaoe a College of Life science, Shandong university, Jinan 2.0100,{2. b Department of Environmental science and engineering, Tsinghua university, Beijing 100084,{2. c Institute of Ecology, Department of Biological sciences and Biotechnology, Tsinghua university, Beijing 100084,{2. d faculty of science, Ibaraki university, Bunkyo 2.1-1, Mito 310-8512. Japan e Department of Chemical engineering, Tsinghua university, Beijing 100084,{2. College of Life science Shandong University Jinan 250100 China Department of Environmental science and engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Institute of Ecology Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China faculty of science Ibaraki University Bunkyo 2-1-1 Mito 310-8512 Japan Department of Chemical engineering Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

This study surveyed and analyzed the vegetation heterogeneity in the Center of Inner Mongolia (CIM) by a new method based on the beta-binomial distribution for each kind of vegetation. As many as 190 large quadrats of 5 mm 5 mm (representing an area of 50 km 50 km) (referred to as L-quadrats hereafter) were extracted from about an area of 475,000 km2. Each L-quadrat was divided into four small quadrats (S-quadrat) of 2.5 mm 2.5 mm (equivalent to 2. km 2. km) and the frequency of occurrence of each type of vegetation was recorded in each small quadrate. The weighted average heterogeneity from all of the vegetations composing a land- scape provides a measure at landscape level to determine the spatial intricateness of landscape composition. Our results indicated that each vegetation has its own distribution pattern and the degree of heterogeneity is different from one kind of vegetation to the other. The results proved that the beta-binomial distribution can be very useful for analyzing vegetation landscapes.

关键词： Heterogeneity Beta-binomial distribution Frequency Occurrence Inner Mongolia

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land use structural optimization of Lilin based on GMOP-ESV

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2011年第S3期21卷 738-742页

作者： ZHANG He-bing, ZHANG Xiao-hu School of Surveying & land Information engineering, Henan Polytechnic {2., Jiaozuo 454000, china School of Surveying & land Information engineering Henan Polytechnic University Jiaozuo 454000 China

land use structural optimization is an effective approach to realize land sustainable utilization and allocate limited land resource rationally. Grey multiple objectives programming (GMOP) model based on china terrestrial ecosystem service value was constructed and applied to Lilin town. The result shows that GMOP model has more practical applicability and takes ecologic, social and comprehensive benefit into consideration. There are three programs after optimization. Program Ⅰ is comprehensive improvement and constructing ecological economy type, program Ⅱ is gross cultivated land dynamic balance type and program Ⅲ is compromise type. There are still problems in programs Ⅱ and Ⅲ, such as distribution in disorder, land left unused or abandoned. Based on the benefits above, Program Ⅰ>Program Ⅲ> Program Ⅱ. Program Ⅰ is the optimal case. Its comprehensive benefit is 8.432.8×107 RMB yuan/a.

关键词： land use structure optimization grey multiple objective programming ecosystem service value Lilin town

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SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age and significance of Early Paleozoic volcanic rocks in East Kunlun orogenic belt, Qinghai Province, china

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science china Earth sciences 2006年第1期49卷 88-96页

作者： ZHU Yunhai1, LIN Qixiang1, JIA Chunxing2.& WANG Guocan1 1.faculty of Earth science,{2. university of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074,{2. 2.Regional Geological Survey Academy of Qinghai, Xining 800003,{2. 1. faculty of Earth science China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China 2. Regional Geological Survey Academy of Qinghai Xining 800003 China

Early Paleozoic volcanic rocks in Nuomuhong area occurred as basalt slice and meta-volcanic slice. SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating of the basalt slice and the meta-volcanic slice show that the age of the basalt slice is 419±5 Ma, and that of the meta-volcanic slice is 401± 6 Ma. These ages directly testify that there existed Early Paleozoic ocean-continent transform in East Kunlun, the basalt slice was formed in an extensional mid-ocean ridge setting and the meta-volcanic rock slice was formed in an extrusion subduction and collision setting. The inherited zircon age of 1734 Ma in volcanic rocks reflects that the base of East Kunlun may be Middle Proterozoic.

关键词： volcanic rocks, SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age, Early Paleozoic, East Kunlun orogenic belt.

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Variation of δ^(13)C in karst soil in Yaji Karst Experiment Site, Guilin

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Chinese science Bulletin 2002年第6期47卷 500-503页

作者： PAN Genxing, HE Shiyi, CAO Jianhua, TAO Yuxiang & SUN YuhuaCollege of resource and Environment science, Nanjing Agricultural {2., Nanjing 2.0095, china Karst Dyanmics Laboratory, Ministry of land and resources, Guilin 541004, china College of resource and Environment science Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China Karst Dyanmics Laboratory Ministry of Land and Resources Guilin China

This study deals with δ13C variation in karst soil system of Yaji Karst Experiment Site, Guilin, a typical region of humid subtropical karst formations. Samples of near ground air, plant tissue, soil and water (soil solution and karst spring) were respectively collected on site in different seasons during 1996-1999. Considerable variation of δ13C values are not only found with different carbon pools of soil organic carbon, soil air CO2.and soil water HCO3-, but also with the soil depths and with different seasons during a year. The δ13C values of CO2.both of near ground air and soil air are lower in July than those in April by 1‰-4‰ PDB. Our results indicate that the δ13C values of carbon in the water and air are essentially dependent on interface carbon interaction of air-plant-soil-rock-water governed by soilorganic carbon and soil CO2.in the system.

关键词： karst soil carbon δ13C.

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Recent progress and application of materials life cycle assessment in china

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Progress in Natural science:Materials International 2011年第1期21卷 1-11页

作者： Zuo-ren NIE,Feng GAO,Xian-zheng GONG,Zhi-hong WANG,Tie-yong ZUO College of Materials science and engineering,Beijing {2. of technology,Beijing 10012.,china College of Materials science and engineering Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China

Life cycle assessment(LCA) is a technique for systematically analyzing the environmental impacts and resources used throughout a target’s life cycle,*** raw material acquisition,via production and use phases,to waste *** is an effective tool that gives a detailed information of environmental profiles of a material or a *** importantly,the value of life cycle thinking lies in its ability to provide the decision-making basis for sustainable development,making the products, industries and even the whole industry chain act more in line with the principles of sustainable *** recent developments of LCA methods and applications of materials life cycle assessment in china were *** the sections on LCA methodology,the data quality analysis,the impact of {2. use and abiotic resource depletion as well as the weakness in life cycle impact assessment were *** relation to the applications,the Chinese materials database(SinoCenter Database) and several representative case studies such as life cycle analysis of civilian buildings and metal production in china were introduced.

关键词： materials life cycle assessment LCIA methodology

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land use data generalization indices considering scale and land use pattern effects

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science china Earth sciences 2011年第5期54卷 694-702页

作者： LIU YaoLin1,2.JIAO LiMin1,2.& LIU YanFang1,2.1 School of resource and Environmental sciences,Wuhan {2.,Wuhan 430079,china 2.Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System,Ministry of Education,Wuhan {2.,Wuhan 430079,china 1. School of resource and Environmental sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China2. Key Laboratory of Geographic Information System Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430079 China

land use generalization indices are critical for producing normative multi-scale land use databases and maps,but there is still not a national criterion for these indices in *** studies on land use data generalization indices often neglect macroindices such as area proportion of land use types and map load,and also ignore landscape effects on land use generalization *** we constructed an index system of land use data generalization from macro-and micro-perspectives,and examined scale and landscape effects on land use data generalization indices based on the countrywide multi-scale land use data *** formulated relationships between land use data generalization indices and both scale and land use pattern *** defined thresholds of land use data generalization indices on scales of 1:50000,1:100000,1:2.0000,and 1:*** verified our methodology and index thresholds through generalizing a county land use database.

关键词： land use database land use database generalization generalization indices land use pattern landscape metrics

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Phosphorus Concentration and Forms in Surface and Subsurface Drainage Water from Wetland Rice Fields in the Shaoxing Plain

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Pedosphere 2003年第3期13卷 239-248页

作者： ZHANG MINGKUI, JIANG HONG and LIU XINGMEIDepartment of resource sciences, College of resource and Environmental sciences, Zhejiang university, Hangzhou 31002. (china) Department of resource sciences College of Resource and Environmental Sciences Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310029 China

Phosphorus (P) is the limiting factor for eutrophication in most freshwater ecosystems. In china, Ptransported from intensively cultivated land has been reported as an important source of P in surface *** this study, we investigated P concentration and forms in surface and subsurface drainage from wetland ricefields in the Shaoxing plain, Zhejiang Province, china. From selected rice fields, surface drainage sampleswere collected at rice-growing, non-growing and fertilization periods, and subsurface drainage samples atdrought and rewetting (irrigation or precipitation after 5～10 d drought period in the surface soils) and wet(drainage under long-term wet soil condition) periods. Water samples were characterized for their totalreactive P (TRP), dissolved reactive P (DRP) and particulate reactive P (PRP). Concentrations of the TRPand DRP in the surface drainage ranged from 0.08 to 1.50 and 0.06 to 1.2. mg L-1, respectively. The TRPand DRP were dependent on field operation activities, and decreased in the order of fertilization period ＞rice-growing period ＞ non-growing period. Phosphorus concentration of runoff receiving P fertilizer can bean environmental concern. The PRP concentration in the surface drainage, ranging from 0.01 to 0.57 mgL-1, accounted for 8%～78% of the TRP. Concentration of the TRP in the subsurface drainage was from0.02. to 0.090 mg L-1, consisting of 2.%～90 % of the DRP and 10%～71% of the PRP. In the droughtand rewetting period, the PRP accounted for, on average, 63% of the TRP, much higher than in the wetperiod (2.%), suggesting that there was transport of P in preferential flow during drainage events after ashort-term drought period in the surface soils. Therefore, P losses in particulate form may be importantin the subsurface drainage from rice fields when surface soils form cracks and favor rapid flow downwardthrough the soil profiles, suggesting the important role of water-dispersible colloid particles in mediating andco-transporting P in

关键词： drainage phosphorus wetland rice field

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A decision-making model of development intensity based on similarity relationship between land attributes intervened by urban design

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science china(Technological sciences) 2010年第7期53卷 1743-1754页

作者： WANG JianGuo1, ZHANG Yu2.& FENG Han3 1 School of Architecture, Southeast university Key Laboratory for Urban and Architectural Heritage Conservation, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 2.0096, china 2.School of Architecture, Southeast university, Nanjing 2.0096, china 3 faculty of Architecture, Delft university of technology, 2.2. CR Delft, Netherlands 1. Key Laboratory for Urban and Architectural Heritage Conservation Ministry of Education Nanjing 210096 China2. School of Architecture Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China3. Faculty of Architecture Delft University of Technology 2628 CR Delft Netherlands

The paper presents a dynamic model intervened by urban design for the decision-making of land development intensity, which expresses the inherent interaction mechanism between lands based on the evaluation of land attributes and their similarity relationship. Each land unit is described with several factors according to their condition and potential for development, such as land function, accessibility, historical site control, landscape control, and so on. Then, the dynamic reference relationship between land units is established according to the similarity relationship between their factors. That means lands with similar conditions tend to have similar development intensities, which expresses the rule of the spontaneous urban development. Therefore, the development intensities of the pending lands can be calculated by the confirmed ones. Furthermore, the system can be actively intervened by adjusting the parameters according to urban design or planning intentions. And the reaction of the system offers effective support and reference for reasonable decision. The system with multiple intervention input is not only a credible tool for deriving development intensities, but also a platform to activate urban design conception. Above all, the system as a socio-technical tool integrates the optimization of form, function and environment, and embodies the principle of impersonality, justice and flexibility in the decision of land development intensity.

关键词： land development intensity urban design land attribute similarity relationship complex system FAR

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Research on the control technology of medium-length hole blasting fragmentation in underground mine

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engineering sciences 2014年第6期12卷 52-57页

作者： Zhao Yanwei He Dongmei Liu Junxuan Dahongshan Copper Mine Yuxi Mining Co. Ltd. Yuxi Yunnan 653405 China faculty of land {2. engineering Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China

The scalloped medium-length hole blasting mining method used in Dahongshan Copper Mine accounted for more than 61%of the total amount of mining,but the large boulder yield restricted the intensity of ore supply for mines,and the average boulder yield was as high as 2..7%.In order to develop the mine production efficiency,the circular medium-length hole blasting technology was proposed and field tests were carried *** test results showed that circular medium-length hole blasting mining can reduce the average boulder yield to 10.3%.Compared with the traditional scalloped medium-length hole blasting mining,the average boulder yield was decreased by 12.4%.The daily yield of ore for the panel on duty was increased by 152.2. t,and the growth rate was 51.1%.The new technology can reduce the time for the handling of boulder and the consumption of explosives and detonators for recrushing,and increase the efficiency of mining while reduce the mining cost,which has received good blasting effects.

关键词： scalloped medium-length hole blasting circular medium-length hole blasting lump ore blastingeffect

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Triassic Sequence Stratigraphy and Sea-Level Changes in Qomolongma Area, Southern Tibet, china: From Epicontinental Sea to Rift Basin

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Journal of Earth science 2000年第3期19卷 47-57页

作者： Shi Xiaoying faculty of Earth sciences and {2. resources, china university of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, china

The Triassic in the Qomolongma area, southern Tibet, was deposited under an extensional tectonic setting from the Pangea supercontinent to continental rifting. From the Induan to Rhaetian, 12.depositional sequences (3rd order) have been recognized, which can be grouped into 5 sequence sets and in turn make up a well defined mesosequence (2.d order). Among the recognized marine transgressions, those at 2.0 Ma, 2.9 Ma, 2.1 Ma and 2.3 Ma respectively are particularly of significance and can be correlated widely across continents. The study shows that in Triassic the Qomolongma area experienced a sedimentary evolution from epicontinental sea to rift basin with the turning point at ca 2.8 Ma. During the early and middle epochs, the area was under epeiric sea, with carbonate ramp to mixed shoal environments predominant. In the late Carnian, the strong extension initiated listric faulting, thus resulting in rapid basement subsidence and the onset of a rift basin. From the late Norian to Rhaetian, it manifested as a rapid basin filling process in the area. Coupled with long term sea level fall, the excessive terrigenous influx led to the shift of environment from deep water prodelta to shore and finally to fluvial plain.

关键词： Triassic sequence stratigraphy sea level change cycles basin evolution southern Tibet.

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