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Speciation of the elements and compositions on the surfaces of dust storm particles:The evidence for the coupling of iron with sulfur in aerosol during the long-range transport

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2005年第8期50卷 738-744页

作者： ZHANG Xingying1,2. ZHUANG Guoshun1,2.3, CHEN Jianmin2.& XUE Huaxin2.1. center for atmospheric Environment {2., department of chemistry, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, china 2. center for atmospheric chemistry study, department of Environ- mental Science and engineering, fudan university,{{12., china 3. LAPC/NZC, Institute of atmospheric Physics, NZC/LAPC, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002., china center for atmospheric Environment {2. Department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China center for atmospheric {2. study Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China LAPC/NZC Institute of Atmospheric Physics NZC/LAPC Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

The speciation of the elements on the surface of the particles collected during dust storm and non-dust storm in Beijing and Inner Mongolia was studied by XPS. The ma- jor species of iron on the surface were oxides, sulfate, silicate, FeOOH and minor part sorbed on SiO2.Al2.3. Sulfate is the dominant species of sulfur on the surface. SiO2.and Al2.3 are the main components of Si and Al on the surface respectively. One of the most important findings was that the Fe(II) (FeS and FeSO4) produced could account for up to 44.3% and 45.6% of the total Fe on the surface in the aerosol sample collected at that night and next day of the “peak” time of the dust storm occurring on March 2., 2.02. while Fe2.SO4)3, one of the Fe(III) species on the surface decreased from 67.1% to 49.5% and 48.0% respectively. Both S and Fe en- riched on the surface of aerosol particles. Fe(II) accounted for 1.3%?5.3% of total Fe in bulk aerosol samples during dust storm. These results provided strong evidence to sup- port the hypothesis of the coupling between iron and sulfur in aerosols during the long-range transport, which would have important impact on the global biogeochemical cycle.

关键词：物种形成原理 XPS 大气悬浮物 Fe-S结合粒子集合

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Local and non-local sources of airborne particulate pollution at Beijing——The ratio of Mg/Al as an element tracer for estimating the contributions of mineral aerosols from outside Beijing

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Science china chemistry 2005年第3期48卷 253-264页

作者： HAN Lihui1, ZHUANG Guoshun1,2.3, SUN Yele1 & WANG Zifa3 1. The center for atmospheric Environ{2. study, department of chemistry, Beijing Normal university, Beijing 100875, china 2. center for atmospheric chemistry study, department of Environ{2. Science & engineering,{{12., shanghai 20043., china 3. LAPC/NZC, Institute of atmospheric Physics, CAS, Beijing 10002., china 1. The center for atmospheric Environ{2. study Department of Chemistry Beijing Normal University 100875 Beijing China 2. center for atmospheric chemistry study Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University 200433 Shanghai China 3. Institute of atmospheric Physics CAS LAPC/NZC 100029 Beijing China

A new element tracer technique has firstly been established to estimate the contri-butions of mineral aerosols from both inside and outside Beijing. The ratio of Mg/Al in aerosol is a feasible element tracer to distinguish between the sources of inside and outside Beijing. Mineral aerosol, inorganic pollution aerosol mainly as sulfate and nitrate, and organic aerosol are the major components of airborne particulates in Beijing, of which mineral aerosol accounted for 32.―67% of total suspended particles （TSP）, 10%―70% of fine particles （PM2.5）, and as high as 74% and 90% of TSP and PM2.5, respectively, in dust storm. The sources from outside Beijing contributed 62. （38%―86%） of the total mineral aerosols in TSP, 69% （52.―90%） in PM10, and 76% （59%―93%） in PM2.5 in spring, and 69% （52.―83%）, 79% （52.―93%）, and 45% （7%―79%） in TSP, PM10, and PM2.5, respectively, in winter, while only2.% in summer and autumn. The sources from outside Beijing contributed as high as 97% during dust storm and were the dominant source of airborne particulates in Beijing. The contributions from outside Bei-jing in spring and winter are higher than those in summer, indicating clearly that it was related to the various meteorological factors.

关键词： mineral aerosol local sources non-local sources dust storm re-suspended dust element tracer technique.

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Hygroscopicity and evaporation of ammonium chloride andammonium nitrate:relative humidity and size effects on the growth factor

Hygroscopicity and evaporation of ammonium chloride andammon...

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第六届全国环境化学大会暨环境科学仪器与分析仪器展览会

作者： Dawei Hu,Jianmin Chen~*,Xingnan Ye (center for atmospheric {2. study,department of Environmental Science & engineering, fudan university,shanghai 20043.,china

The hygroscopicity and evaporation of ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate in the size range of 40-2.0 nm are investigated from 2.%to 86%RH using a self-assembled hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer(H-TDMA) *** hygroscopicity of 100 nm(NH)SO is also measured for *** measured hygroscopic growth factors(GFs) of(NH)SO agree well with the theoretical Kohler *** discrepancies between the measured GFs and the theoretical values are observed for NHCl and NHNO

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Hygroscopicity of Inorganic Aerosols:A relationship of Growth Factor with Particle size and Relative Humidity

Hygroscopicity of Inorganic Aerosols:A relationship of Growt...

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第五届全国环境化学大会

作者： Dawei Hu~1 Xingnan Ye~1 Tiantao Cheng~1 Jianmin Chen~(1*) Wen Fang~2.(1 center of atmospheric {2. study,department of Environmental Science & engineering, fudan university,shanghai 20043.,china 2.Institute of Weather Modification,Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences,Beijing 100084,china.)

Hygroscopic behaviors of some inorganic salts with various sizes were measured at different relative humidity(RH) by a self-made Hygroscopic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer(H-TDMA) system at 2.℃.For(NH)SO,NaNO,NaCl and NaSO particles with a diameter of 100 nm,a good agreement were observed between the measured hygroscopic growth factors and the theoretical K(o|¨)hler *** a PH below deliquescence point,the growth factor decreases linearly with increasing of the

关键词： Hygroscopicity Inorganic aerosols Growth factor

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Characteristics, Sources and Long-range Transport of Heavy Metals of Aerosols over china

Characteristics, Sources and Long-range Transport of Heavy M...

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第七届亚洲气溶胶会议

作者： Rong Zhang Guoshun Zhuang* Juan Li Kan Huang Qiongzhen Wang Chang Xu Yilun Jiang Ying Chen (center for atmospheric {2. study department of Environmental Science and engineering fudan university shanghai 20043. P. R. china)

china owns very serious pollution of heavy metals in atmospheric aerosol. Heavy metals with different type source shown different spatial distribution. Crustal element such as V, Co present much higher concentrations around the source areas of Asia Dust, like central Taklimakan desert, Yulin in northern Shaanxi, and Duolun in Inner-Mongolia;pollution elements like Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cd, and Ni showed much higher concentration at urban areas such as Urumqi, Beijing, and {2.. When comparing with cities around the world, the concentration of major pollution elements like As, Cd, Pb, and Zn in aerosol of Chinese cities showed an order of magnitude higher. Heavy metals showed significant seasonal variation: concentrations of heavy metals in spring and winter were much higher than in summer and autumn of 2.7 folds for different elements. Asia Dust and biomass burning was found to be an important source of heavy metals （As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb et al.） especially in summer. Under the control of air mass of dust or pollutants from biomass burning, concentrations of heavy metals in aerosol would rise sharply to several times higher. The effect of the traffic ban and other related air-quality controlling measures in Beijing Olympic Games 2.08 were evaluated and distinct decreases of heavy metals in the aerosol were observed. The controlling measures were effective in local air quality improvement, concerning the atmospheric heavy metal pollutants, suggesting that anthropogenic activities: industrial emission, coal combustion and traffic discharge, and architectural emissions could be main sources for heavy metals in aerosol. Regional emission and transport were also important factors to heavy metals of local aerosol. Long-range transport of Asia Dust could be a very important process for transport and diffusion of heavy metals from local emission.

关键词： Aerosol Heavy metals Characteristics Source Long-range transport

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NUMERICAL SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS ON THE HEMODYNAMICS OF AN ELASTIC ANEURYSM

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2008年第2期20卷 216-224页

作者： ZHAO Jun-wei YIN Wen-yi DING Guang-hong YANG Xin-jian SHI Wan-chao ZHANG Xiao-long department of Mechanics and engineering Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Beijing Institute ofNeurosurgery Beijing 100050 China Huashan Hospital Affiliated to fudan university Shanghai 200040 China

Intracranial aneurysms are pathological dilatations which endanger people＇s health. Hemodynamics is thought to be an important factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of aneurysms. To date, the bulk of investigations into hemodynamics have been conducted by making use of mathematically idealized models for rigid aneurysms and associated arteries. However the walls of aneurysms and associated arteries are elastic in vivo. This study shows the differences of the simulation between elastic and rigid wall models. The numerical simulation of elastic aneurysm model is made fi＇om a representative Digital Subtraction Angiography （DSA） image and calculated with CFD software to get the wall deformation and the velocity field. Then the results are analyzed. By comparing the simulation results of the two models from their velocity vectors and shear stress distribution, many differences can be noted. The main difference exists in the distribution of velocity magnitude at some sections, with one outlet having obviously off-center distribution for the elastic wall model. The currents of the distribution of wall shear stress along the wall of aneurysm simulated in rigid and elastic wall models were similar. But there were apparent differences between the two models on the values of wall shear stress especially at the neck of aneurysm. The off-center distribution of velocity magnitude affects the distribution of wall shear stress and the exchange of substance through the wall. The analysis demonstrated clearly that the results of 2.D elastic numerical simulation were in good agreement with the clinical and pathological practice. The results of this study play an important role in the formation, growth, rupture and prognosis of an aneurysm on clinic application.

关键词： aneurysm 2.D numerical simulation elastic wall medical image

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Supercritical fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban dust of shanghai

Supercritical fluid extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydroc...

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第八届全国气溶胶会议暨第二届海峡两岸气溶胶科技研讨会

作者： Yu Ren Huaxin Xue Jianmin Chen Hongbo Wu Tiantao Cheng center of atmospheric {2. Studies, department of Environmental Science & engineering, fudan university, Handan Road 2.0, shanghai 20043.

＜正＞EPA 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） were extracted by supercritical fluid extraction （SFE） in urban dust collected at twelve sites in shanghai. Parameters affecting the collection efficiencies of PAHs were optimized. The characterization of the extracts was carried out by gas chromatography with mass detector in selective ion mode （GC-MS-SIM）. The limits of detection of the system for the quantification standards were in the range of 0.2.3.9 ng g-1. Ultrasonic extraction （USE） was used as a comparison with SFE. The results showed that SFE method has a better efficiency than USE for the extraction of PAHs in dust. With the method of SFE and GC-MS-SIM, the distribution of PAHs in dust samples in urban area of shanghai was investigated. It can be concluded that the average concentrations of PAHs in traffic zone （14.2. μg g-1）, residential region （9.65 μg g-1） and industrial area （9.30 μg g-1） were much higher than those of outskirts （3.18 μg g-1） in shanghai. Among the 16 PAHs analyzed in the dust samples, Chrysene was the most abundant compounds （2.12.μg g-1）, followed by Benzo[a]pyrene and Phenanthrene （both of 1.92.μg g-1）. PAHs with 3-ring, 4-ring and 5-ring were the main components in dust. This study is firstly applying SFE to investigate the PAHs distribution of dust of shanghai, which would provide the basic information in understanding and controlling the pollution of PAHs at shanghai.

关键词： Distribution Dust GC-MS-SIM PAHs SFE

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Nano-size Distribution of Aerosol from Agricultural Residues Burning Matched to Optical Properties:A Laboratory study

Nano-size Distribution of Aerosol from Agricultural Residues...

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第五届全国环境化学大会

作者： Dawei Hu~1 Xingnan Ye~1 Hefeng Zhang~1 Tiantao Cheng~(1,2.) Jianmin Chen~(1*) Zhiwei Han~2.Renjian Zhang~2.(1.center of atmospheric {2. study,department of Environmental Science & engineering, fudan university,shanghai 20043.,china 2.Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment Research for Temperate East Asia,Institute of atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10002.,china)

＜正＞Laboratory measurements were conducted with a chamber to determine the size distribution and scattering coefficient of aerosol emitted from the rice straw and corn stover burning,two major agricultural residues in *** size distributions of those rice-burned and corn-burned aerosols are well characterized by unimodal lognormal functions,with a remarkable feature of accumulation *** fresh smokes’ median diameters of number distribution centered at 0.15±0.03μm,0.2.±

关键词： Biomass burning Nano-size distribution Optical properties Emission factors

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study on Visualization of Three-dimensional Echocardiographic Endoscopic Simulation System

Study on Visualization of Three-dimensional Echocardiographi...

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中华医学会第十次全国超声医学学术会议

作者： Hai-Hong Xue~1,Kun Sun~(1,2.,Jian-Guo Yu~3,Bin-Jin Chen~3,Wei-Qi Wang~3 1 department of Pediatric Cardiology,Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to shanghai Jiaotong {2. School of Medicine,shanghai,china 2.department of Pediatric Cardiology,shanghai Children’s Medical center Affiliated to shanghai Jiaotong {2. School of Medicine,shanghai,china 3 department of Electronic engineering,fudan {2.,shanghai,china

Background:Congenital heart disease is the most common cause of death in ***-dimensional echocardiography(2.E) has been the main noninvasive technique in the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. However,given that the heart has a complex anatomy and is in constant motion,conventional 2.E can only provide partial information about the spatial and temporal relationship between cardiac *** endoscopy

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人脐静脉内皮细胞分离及冷冻保存的技术

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复旦学报（医学版） 2004年第5期31卷 509-511,514,F004页

作者：蒋红军贾兵陈张根王克强复旦大学附属儿科医院心血管中心外科复旦大学附属中山医院-上海市心血管病研究所上海200023

目的　研究分离、培养、扩增人脐静脉内皮细胞及进行冷冻保存技术 ,探讨建立脐带血管内皮细胞库的可能性。方法　新鲜脐带 4 2. ,脐静脉内灌注消化酶消化 ,获得内皮细胞 ;以含 2.0 %的胎牛血清M 199液进行培养。采用Ⅷ因子免疫荧光染... 详细信息

目的　研究分离、培养、扩增人脐静脉内皮细胞及进行冷冻保存技术 ,探讨建立脐带血管内皮细胞库的可能性。方法　新鲜脐带 4 2. ,脐静脉内灌注消化酶消化 ,获得内皮细胞 ;以含 2.0 %的胎牛血清M 199液进行培养。采用Ⅷ因子免疫荧光染色及扫描电镜检查 ,鉴定所获内皮细胞及其纯度 ;内皮细胞加入含 10 %DMSO冷冻保存液 ,置于液氮进行保存 ,复苏后进行锥虫蓝试验 ,四氮唑盐 (MTT)试验以及细胞凋亡的流式细胞仪检测。结果　血管内灌注消化液法可获取高纯度的内皮细胞 ,与未冻存细胞相比 ,复苏的细胞活力保持在 95 %以上。复苏后的内皮细胞的生长曲线与未冻存细胞的生长曲线无差异。冻存内皮细胞的凋亡率较未冻存细胞高 ,但无统计学意义。结论　脐静脉灌注酶消化法可获取足够数量及纯度的内皮细胞。冻存的内皮细胞复苏后仍保持较高的活力及体外增殖能力。

关键词：人脐静脉内皮细胞冻存复苏后灌注冷冻保存免疫荧光染色 Ⅷ因子锥虫生长曲线消化酶

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