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Deep-Cut Vacuum Distillation in the 10 Mt/a CDU/VDU

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China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology 2009年第2期11卷 9-13页

作者： Lin Zhuwei1 Mao Fuzhong1 Jiang Bing2.Chen Kaibei3.Chi Ling3.Yan Chun3.1. KBC Advanced Technologies(Beijing) Co.,Ltd. Beijing 10002. 2. The National Engineering Research {3. for Rectification Technology,Tianjin University 3. SINOPEC Engineering Incorporation) KBC Advanced Technologies (Beijing) Co. Ltd. Beijing 100029 China National Engineering Research center for Rectification Technology Tianjin University China SINOPEC Engineering Incorporation China

This article introduces the concepts relating to deep-cut vacuum distillation and its suitability,and analyzes the deep-cut vacuum distillation technique licensed by the KBC Advanced Technologies to the 10 Mt/a CDU/VDU of the Qingdao refinery and makes comparison on the test run data after commissioning of the distillation unit. The test results have confirmed that the operation of the CDU/VDU had reached the expected goal to achieve good social and economic benefits.

关键词： CDU/VDU deep cut under vacuum distillation rate

Prediction method for October 2.03.solar storm

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2006年第5期49卷 629-640页

作者： XIE Yanqiong1, 2. 3. WEI Fengsi1, FENG Xueshang1 & ZHONG Dingkun1, 2.1. State Key Laboratory of Space Weather, center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China 2. Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., China 3. Institute of Meteorology, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 2.1101, China State Key Laboratory of Space Weather Center for Space Science Applied Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China Graduate School Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China Institute of Meteorology PLA University of Science Technology Nanjing 211101 China

Aiming at two intense shock events on October 2. and 2., 2.03. this paper presents a two-step method, which combines synoptic analysis of space weather ——“observing” and quantitative prediction ——“palpating”, and then uses it to {3. predictions. In the first step of “observing”, on the basis of observations of the solar source surface magnetic field, interplanetary scintillation (IPS) and ACE spacecraft, we find that the propagation of the shocks is asymmetric relative to the normal direction of their solar sources, and the Earth is located near the direction of the fas{3. speed and the grea{3. energy of the shocks. As the two fast ejection shock events, the fast explosion of coronal mass of the extremely high temperature, the strong magnetic field, and the high speed background solar wind are also helpful to their rapid propagation. In the second step of “palpating”, we adopt a new membership function of the fast shock events for the ISF method. The predicted results show that for the onset time of the geomagnetic disturbance, the relative errors between the observational and the predicted results are 1.8% and 6.7%; and for the magnetic disturbance magnitude, the relative errors are 4.1% and 3.1%, re- spectively. Furthermore, the comparison among the predicted results of our two-step method with those of five other prevailing methods shows that the two-step method is advantageous. The results tell us that understanding the physical features of shock propagation thoroughly is of great importance in improving the prediction precision.

关键词： solar storm, interplanetary shock, interplanetary scintillation, two-step method, ISF method.

Study on Transformation of CaO-Al_2._3.SiO_2.MgO System Inclusions in ZG06Cr13.i4Mo Stainless Steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S2期18卷 341-346页

作者： LIU Jian-hui1,3. DONG Han1,3. ZHU Rong2. LI Shi-qi2.(1. Institute for Structural Materials,Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing 100081,China 2. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083.China 3. National Engineering Research {3. of Advanced Steel Technology, Beijing 100081,China) Cent Iron & Steel Res Inst Inst Struct Mat Beijing 100081 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol Beijing Sch Met & Ecol Engn Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Natl Engn Res Ctr Adv Steel Technol Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

This paper aims at generally studying on the inclusions of ZGG06Cr13.i4Mo ultra-low carbon stainless steel used for large scale hydraulic turbine sets. On the basis of analysis the industrial test samples, thermodynamic software FactSage is used to study inclusions transformation process in CaO-SiO2.Al2.3.MgO system while stainless steel is been smelting. The results illustrate the inclusions melting points and plasticity variation law. The reasonable inclusions plasticity controlling area is found out in low melting point. The melting point is up to 12.0℃ While MgO weight concentration is 10% in CaO-SiO2.Al2.3.MgO system, SiO2. Al2.3.and CaO in inclusions are in weight concentration range of 50-70%, 10-2.% and 10-40%, respectively. For purpose of gaining low melting point inclusions, silicon alumina radio in deoxidant should be controlled between 2.5 for ultra-low carbon stainless steel refining in industry.

关键词： ZG06Cr13.i4Mo stainless steel low melting point inclusion thermodynamic calculation

Determination of Young's modulus by nanoindentation

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2004年第4期47卷 398-408页

作者： MA Dejun1, Chung Wo Ong2. LIU Jianmin1 & HE Jiawen3.1. Surface Engineering Research Institute, CMES, Beijing 100072. China 2. Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research {3., The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China 3. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China 1. Surface Engineering Research Institute CMES 100072 Beijing China 2. Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research center The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong China 3. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong University 710049 Xi’an China

A methodology for determining Youngs modulus of materials by non-ideally sharp indentation has been developed. According to the principle of the same area-to-depth ratio, a non-ideally pyramidal indenter like a Berkovich one can be approximated by a non-ideally conical indenter with a spherical cap at the tip. By applying dimensional and finite element analysis to the non-ideally conical indentation, a set of approximate one-to-one relationships between the ratio of nominal hardness/reduced Youngs modulus and the ratio of elastic work/total work, which correspond to different tip bluntness, have been revealed. The nominal hardness is defined as the maximum indentation load divided by the cross-section area of the conical indenter specified at the maximum indentation depth. As a consequence, Youngs modulus can be determined from a nanoindentation test only using the maximum indentation load and depth, and the work done during loading and unloading processes. The new method for determining Youngs modulus is referred to as pure energy method. The validity of the method was examined by performing indentation tests on five materials. The experimental results and the standard reference values are in good agreement, indicating that the proposed pure energy method is a promising substitution for the most widely used analysis models at present.

关键词： Young's modulus, nanoindentation, nominal hardness, indentation work.

Radiometric cross-calibration of the CBERS-02.CCD camera with the TERRA MODIS

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 44-60页

作者： LI Xiaoying1,2.3. GU Xingfa1,3.4, MIN Xiangjun5, YU Tao1,3. FU Qiaoyan5, ZHANG Yong1,2.3.& LI Xiaowen1,3.1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., China 3. The {3. for National Spaceborne Demonstration, Beijing 100101, China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. China {3. for Resource Satellite Data and Application, Beijing 10083., China 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University 100101 Beijing China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100039 Beijing China 3. The center for National Spaceborne Demonstration 100101 Beijing China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Climat Sol Environnement 84914 Avignon France 5. China center for Resource Satellite Data and Application 100830 Beijing China

For the application of the CCD camera, the most important payload on CBERS-02. the key is to provide long-term stable radiometric calibration coefficients. Although the vicarious calibration had been proved successful, it had its limitations such as test site requirement and unsuitable for historical data. Cross-calibration is one of the alternative methods, but it needs synchro surface spectrum to achieve spectral band matching factors. Our effort is to probe the influences on these factors. Simulations with a lot of surface spectrum showed that the factors changed with the viewing geometry, atmospheric condition and surface targets. However, simulating with the same viewing geometry and atmospheric condition, the spectral band matching factors of the same or similar surface targets’ spectrum acquired from different dates and different places would like to be consistent to each other within 1%―5%. Thus, the synchro measurement data can be substituted by the same or similar target from other source. Based on this method, using the MODIS as the reference, the cross-calibration was performed for CCD camera. The research demonstrated that the traditional method with single calibration site was inappropriate for CCD camera, since the offsets for its four spectral bands were not zeros. With four calibration sites, these offsets were obtained. And the camera was detected to degrade with dates based on four times of cross-calibrations.

关键词： CBERS-02 CCD camera cross-calibration the spectral band matching factors.

Absolute radiometric calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS thermal band

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2005年第S2期48卷 72-90页

作者： ZHANG Yong1,2.3. GU Xingfa1,3.4, YU Tao1,3. ZHANG Yuxiang5, CHEN Liangfu1,3. LI Xiaoying1,2.3. LI Xiaowen1,3.& HE Liming6 1. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Jointly Sponsored by the Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100101, China 2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10003., China 3. The {3. for National Spaceborne Demonstration, Beijing 100101, China 4. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Climat Sol Environnement, 84914 Avignon, France 5. National Satellite Meteorological {3., Beijing 100081, China 6. State Environmental Protection Administration, Beijing 10002., China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Beijing Normal Univ State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Grad Univ Beijing 100039 Peoples R China Ctr Natl Spaceborne Demonstrat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China INRA F-84914 Avignon France Natl Satellite Meteorol Ctr Beijing 100081 Peoples R China State Environm Protect Adm Beijing 100029 Peoples R China

Based on the laboratory calibration before launch of CBERS-02.IRMSS thermal infrared channel, the onboard blackbody calibration, the radiometric cross- calibration against TERRA MODIS corresponding channel and the in-flight field calibration at Lake Qinghai: water surface radiometric calibration test site of China on Aug. 17, 2.04 are carried out in this research. When making onboard blackbody calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS, it is necessary to understand inside structures and light path in IRMSS camera and receive and process calibration blackbody signals at normal and high temperatures. Onboard blackbody calibration results of each detector are very important to relative radiometric calibration of images processing and absolute radiometric calibration of each detector. In-flight field calibration mainly contains field experiments, obtaining synchronous images, spectrum marching and MODTRAN radiative transmi- ssion computation. Radiometric cross-calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS thermal band against TERRA MODIS selected 6 times synchronous images of two sensors passing through Lake Qinghai and Lake Taihu from August to December, 2.04 to compute the cross calibration data. Combining the in-flight field calibration and radiometric cross calibration data, the absolute radiometric calibration coefficients are calculated by the linear regression method. This new calibration model can obviously control the radiometric calibration uncertainties aroused by the single point method used in the in-flight calibration of CBERS-02.IRMSS, this kind of sensors cannot receive the cosmic background radiation. In this research, the radiometric calibration coefficients obtained through the linear regression model are 8.53.(gain, unit: DN/W m?2.r?1μm?1) and 44.92.(offset, unit: DN).

关键词： CBERS-02 IRMSS thermal band in-flight field calibration onboard blackbody calibration cross calibration.

Mechanisms of antiprostate cancer by gum mastic:NF-κB signal as target

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第3期28卷 446-452页

作者： Mei-lan HE~(2.4) Ang LI~2.Chun-su XU~2.Shun-li WANG~3.Meng-jie ZHANG~2.Hua GU~2.Yao-qin YANG~3.Hui-hong TAO~3.~2.nstitute of Cancer Research,Life Science and Technology School,Tongji University,Shanghai 2.0092.China ~3.ellular Morphology center,Medical School,Tongji University,Shanghai 2.0092.China Institute of Cancer Research Life Science and Technology School Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China Cellular Morphology center Medical School Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China

Aim:To study the effect of gum mastic,a natural resin,on the proliferation ofandrogen-independent prostate cancer PC-3.cells,and further investigate themechanisms involved in this regulatory system,taking nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)signal as the ***:3.(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2.yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide(MTT)assay and a flow cytometer were used to detect the effect of gummastic on the proliferation of PC-3.***,reporter gene assay,RT-PCR,andWestern blotting were carried out to study the effects of gum mastic on the NF-κBprotein level and the NF-κB signal *** expression of genes involved inthe NF-κB signal pathway,including cyclin D1,inhibitors of κBs(IκBα),andphosphorylated Akt(p-AKT),were *** addition,transient transfectionassays with the 5×NF-κB consensus sequence promoter was also used to test theeffects of gum ***:Gum mastic inhibited PC-3.cell growth and blockedthe PC-3.cell cycle in the G1 *** mastic also suppressed NF-κB activity inthe PC-3.*** expression of cyclin D1,a crucial cell cycle regulator and anNF-κB downstream target gene,was reduced as ***,gum masticdecreased the p-AKT protein level and increased the IκBα protein ***:Gum mastic inhibited the proliferation and blocked the cell cycleprogression in PC-3.cells by suppressing NF-κB activity and the NF-κB signalpathway.

关键词： gum mastic prostate cancer NF-κB signal

Diamond synthesis from a system of chromium-carbide andNi_(70)Mn_(2.)Co_5 alloy

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第24期43卷 2063-2066页

作者： LI Liangbin 1, JIANG Jinchun 1, HONG Shiming 1, ZHONG Yumao 2.and ZHANG Xinyuan 2.1. Institute of Applied Physics, Sichuan Union University, Chengdu 610065, China 2. {3. for Analysis and test, Sichuan Union University, Chengdu 610065, China Institute of Applied Physics Sichuan Union University Chengdu China center for Analysis and test Sichuan Union University Chengdu China

In order to ascertain the mechanism of interaction between carbide and metallic catalyst and formation of diamond under high pressure and high temperature, and find a new method to synthesize diamond with special properties, it is necessary to investigate the reaction behavior of different carbides and metallic solvent_catalysts under high pressure and high temperature. A system of Cr-3.-2.powder and Ni 70Mn 2.Co 5 alloy in weight ratio of 1∶6 was treated under 6 0 GPa and 1 500℃ for 2., 3. or 60 min respectively. X_ray diffraction of the samples indicated the Cr 3. 2.decomposed partially after high pressure and temperature treatment, and Cr 7C 3. Cr and diamond formed respectively. There was not any trace of graphite in the samples. The result suggested that the separated carbon atoms could form diamond directly without conversion process of graphite into diamond. The observation of SEI, WDX and EDX also showed that diamond crystals were synthesized in the system, which have perfect surfaces and shapes, with the average grain size of about 40 μm. The properties of the crystals are being investigated.

关键词： chromium_carbide high pressure synthesis diamond.

Quasi-static Analysis of Thrust-loaded Angular Contact Ball Bearings Part Ⅱ:Results and Discussion

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第1期25卷 81-87页

作者： CHEN Wenhua1,2.MA Zikui1,GAO Liang1,LI Xinglin3.and PAN Jun2.1 Institute of Mechanical Design,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 3.002.,China 2.Institute of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 3.0018,China 3.State testing Laboratory of Hangzhou Bearing test & Research {2.,Hangzhou 3.002.,China 1. Institute of Mechanical Design Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China 2. Institute of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 China 3. State testing Laboratory of Hangzhou Bearing test & Research {2. Hangzhou 310022 China

Ball bearings are widely employed mechanical components characterized by high precision and quality,and usually play important roles in various rotary machines and *** advanced applications require a deep understanding of their various kinematic and tribological characteristics that are essential to predict the fatigue endurance,relieve the vibration and minimize the power dissipation of ball bearings in particular *** angular contact ball bearing under a specified operating condition is simulated with the quasi-static/creepage analytical model proposed in the preceding *** results demonstrate that the ball bearing is a statically determinate *** the balls spin on both inner and outer races means the ball is controlled by neither the inner nor the outer *** friction between the ball and raceway renders the inner and outer contact angles *** larger the coefficient of friction is,the larger the angle *** tangential traction perpendicular to the rolling direction due to the spin induces a gyro-like rotation of the ball with respect to the raceway even if no inertial effects are *** tangential elastic compliance of contacting surfaces gives rise to locked areas within the contact patch and transforms the sliding lines from circles into *** differential slip due to the close conformity of the ball and raceway makes the sliding and traction distributions asymmetric,which will influence the location of the spinning center of the ball with respect to the *** quasi-static/creepage model can be used to reveal the operating behaviors of ball bearings running under steady conditions and to optimize the design of ball bearings for specific applications.

关键词： ball bearing quasi-static creepage differential slip tangential elastic compliance

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